AV Geeks Lunch 9-30-2020

eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four this man is an airline pilot he lives about 10 miles from idlewild and he drives to his work now you might think this is pretty dangerous work and some recent newspaper headlines might lead you to guess that this man is insurable at a rather high premium but according to the insurance companies the most dangerous part of his journey is already over [Music] so [Music] so [Applause] [Music] it says here breakfast in karachi lunch in london supper in san francisco and sometimes we have to add luggage in rome today we're going to look into the crowded sky and consider air safety now it's an odd thing about the human mind that it seems to be so constituted that when you say the phrase air safety most people think of its opposite air disaster every time a plane crashes in tibet or kansas we are grateful that we were not aboard and yet when 450 people are killed on a holiday weekend on the highways we don't say it might have been me every day five hundred thousand people get off the ground take the planes and fly in all sorts of weather and all sorts of landscapes and come safely to their destinations how safe is air travel well the insurance companies who employ experts to figure risks they put in a rather vivid way it does not cost an airline pilot one penny more to buy a life insurance policy than it costs a librarian or a grocer now the point of all this is simply that statistically aviation is one of the safest forms of transport but it's not safe enough and in some countries it's a very big issue and as you will soon see it is of special concern to the united nations civil aviation started after the first world war the first airliners were converted bombers of the 1918 vintage and the first airline passengers were people moved by urgency or bravado the machines of that period were creaky and underpowered and the pilots were by today's standards deaf and blind flying was a daytime fair weather sport sometimes a desperate expedient things are now quite different for years airliners have been flying at night in whether both fair and foul and pilots have been able to supplement their physical senses with all sorts of new devices flying is busier more complex faster more important and necessary than ever before let's have some the flight which follows is typical of today's international airline procedure because idlewild has the greatest traffic density of any airport in the world we shall focus the traffic problem by showing both a take-off and the landing at the same airport [Music] idlewild [Music] now we're going to break the law of gravity the shape of this plane and the power of its engines is going to help us to overcome gravity by lift and to defeat drag by thrust and up front there are some very skilled men who are going to see that this goes according to plan checklist roger ready for checklist ready for checklist wheels block safety landing gear lever down oxygen pressure check equipment cooling control automatic oxygen panels and mass check circuit breakers all checked in warning system lights check flow meter power normal battery and dc power check battery on electrical panel check and set fuel quantity and distribution distribution normal quantity 37 000 fuel panel checked and set fuel flow meters reset hydraulic fluid full engine start pressure 3000 in each bottle air conditioning and pressurization panel set fuel done complicated engine oil quality technical of course but every complicated piece of equipment or procedure consists of a great number of essentially simple things things that any of us can understand anti-skid spoiler switches passenger oxygen valves no smoking seat belt sign on immensely exit light armed cue inlet heat off rudder and aileron trim neutral just top checklist complete at the airport terminal other men are busy making sure that our flight goes well the flight plan has been filed and approved which means that a highway has been set aside for us in the sky all right ask for texting clearance please roger idlewild ground this is only a jet 108 request taxi clearance please aaron your 108 out of our grounds by the outer perimeter right turn tucks away hotel taxi 2 hole chart 311 wind northwest 1-0 the altimeter 2973 time one six four one eight roger texting now texting rogers are ready clear my side roger atc clears air india one zero eight by the idlewild southwest radio beacon that's the idlewild one two zero radial to hampton 252 radial to hampton pick the 46 south nantucket flight plane route now the men in the control tower and the men up front are combining their concentration and considerable technical skill to the problem of getting us off the ground now there are several other things that we need to ensure a safe flight we have to have first obviously a well-built well-designed plane we have to have airports with long strong enough runways accurately sighted we have to have an air traffic system that can separate planes both laterally and vertically we have to know a good deal about the weather all along the route preferably we should be in continuous contact with the ground with for which we have to have all kinds of navigational equipment beacons charts and so on we have to have enough of all these things now whenever you read in a newspaper that there's been an air disaster one of these things much more likely a combination a rather freakish combination of these things has gone wrong they don't often go wrong last year the airways of the world managed 108 million separate safe flights like the one we're on i thought it was checked three my side where's my side power check take off checklist complete okay idle tower air india jet 108. permission to take off please over top 108 hours for takeoff three one left okay rolling runners are ready check minimum power please [Music] they're in the one zero eight volume even loaded europe yeah going up okay tracking on one to zero radio roger [Music] good [Music] thank you now at this point you may well wonder what the united nations is doing getting into civil aviation well let's put it this way at this moment all around the world thousands of people are taking off from the ground the ground on which for millions of years they've learned to live on now in europe and the middle east asia and africa the air traffic density is getting worse every month and on those continents remember they have many frontiers which in the united states we do not have so that when you fly across europe you cross a frontier seconds divide one language from another one system of law from another one culture from that of its neighbor now who's going to call the term what language should the pilot speak what landing instruction should be obeyed by a pilot of one country was making an emergency landing in another to bring some sense and order into this traffic jam of the world's airways the nations decided that they had better get together and establish a world order that's why the united nations is getting into it and that's why just now we're going over to montreal montreal canada is the headquarters of the international civil aviation organization of the united nations a member of the u n family a specialized agency as it's called the secretary general of eko is a canadian mr ronald mcdonald pilots and controllers navigators and radar operators must today be able to speak the same language in more senses than one they must be able to understand each other whatever the nationality or the mother tongue what's more they must agree on how things are to be done the business of reaching that agreement is our problem here at the international civil aviation organization eko for short you've heard about some of the services required to get a plane up in the air to keep it up there safely and to bring it down safely at its destination when it comes to international flying every one of these services is our concern how an airliner is designed and built how strong a runway must be the kinds of people who operate aircraft their training and their licensing air traffic coordination the navigator's tools and maps and so on you may well ask what do we at iko do about all these things we operate no radars we fly no planes we man no airports but in our meeting rooms and around our tables there assemble the civil aviation administrators and experts for most of the world together they work out and agree on the minimum international standards the essential hard core of safety which then forms the practical basis for international flying by all nations flight safety is an international problem never have the airlines been so crowded with such large fast internationally moving objects and the pace is steadily increasing this problem could only be approached in an international way and it has been so you see the main problem of air safety is separating air traffic just keeping planes apart because remember a plane is not assigned a position behind another plane on a highway like an automobile it must have a clear highway all the way to its destination and with three or four planes going from point a to point b this is easy common sense takes over you fly left of this line i fly to the right you stay above ten thousand feet i'll stay below that's what happens in the country at large desert air strips and rural places so on but the aching problem of civil aviation today is the metropolis with its hundreds of planes landing and leaving when you approach a metropolis the air is the sky is no longer as wide as the horizon it begins to contract into a rather cramped mesh of highways crossing intersecting running in parallel running opposite to each other then what happens well sometimes this i look i'm considering the navy out of the way uh put the headset up your guy's got a crosstalk [Music] this is new york control center at one of the busiest hours of the day late afternoon essentially what these men are doing is the simple but always tricky job of keeping aircraft out of each other's way okay where's america american flight is out of the way okay and northwest oh this guy's now right [Music] maintain your presence heading until uh three zero seconds then turn left to three zero five three zero five three sixty-five heading zero three zero zero two in the poughkeepsie vor advising what you're reading right all right united 603 turn left immediately heading two four zero four three minutes you're overtaking an american conveyor maintaining one two thousand radar radar is the clue to sorting out these situations and giving the controllers the information on which they can base their decisions but the radar equipment in use in civil aviation today is blind in one important respect it does not measure height an air controller generally has a good picture of the relationship between the ground plan of his airport and the moving blips which represent planes flying in the air but he does not know without getting further information at what altitudes these planes are flying it looks all the same to him whether one is at five hundred feet another at fifty thousand or and this is the hazard where the both are at five thousand research is at present underway on radar equipment that will measure altitude proposals have been presented to eko and the first experimental tower has already been built but the use of these devices on airlines is still several years away now we have a man standing by who knows all about this kind of research and he'll be our guide to the kind of work that's being done to make tomorrow's airliners safe when they're flying at tomorrow's speeds his name is jerome lederer we know what kind of air traffic system is needed one day maybe not too far off we shall have it i am with the flight safety foundation an organization dedicated to making the airways safer i've also been a consultant for ikea and montreal how will it be different from the present system well for one thing the whole idea of using a human voice for instructions from ground to air will change that will be all automated each airplane will be allocated a movable cube of airspace computers will probe for possible conflicts and pass solutions onto the controllers only near airports will this area system of automatic control have to give way to a channel type of approach to the runways work towards this kind of automated air traffic control system is underway right now various aspects of it are being researched here in the united states other activities and related fields are being pursued in england in the netherlands and in many other countries at some point the stage will have been reached when this system is considered ready for regular international airline use and at that point ikea will enter the picture and the system and perhaps competing ones with developed in other countries will be brought to the conference table at montreal there will be intensive consideration of all aspects cost practicability and scope finally an agreement will be reached an agreement to which all eko members will be asked to subscribe then the world's airlines will have taken another great step towards uniformity reliability and safety in the world's airline well that of course is all in the future and we are concerned with today or rather with tonight because we have a to get back to the ground and it seems that there's quite a bit of weather about and the pilot has asked for a gca a ground controlled approach to wide wild idlewall ground control this is air india jet 108 request gca approach air india 108 this is idlewild radar hear you loud and clear how do you hear me idlewild from air india 108 hear you loud and clear air india 108 in radar contact 1-1 miles southwest of the airport heading 0-1-0 air india 108 if no transmission is received for a period of five seconds on final proceed to and hold lido 1500 before we complete the final landing let's pause and look at the role that eko plays in it i am john bellringer of the ako technical secretariat most critical phase of flight is the final approach to land and in this connection the instrument landing system was adopted by ko as an international standard some twelve years ago and today it serves the airlines on more than four hundred runways of the world's airports additionally at a number of the larger international airports a precise radar system called ground controlled approach or gca is used to guide a pilot by the spoken word to a point from which he can land visually eko has developed technical specifications for gca which ensure that all installations will perform alike wherever they are located without the assistance of ils and gca many flights would need to be diverted to other aerodromes where the weather conditions are more favorable but this would be both expensive to the airline and inconvenient to the air passenger now let's watch and see how the jet aircraft you've been following is torqued down to a safe landing air india 108 turn right heading zero four zero descend to one thousand five hundred roger only jet 108. okay fifteen hundred feet maintaining only one 108 is 1500 feet maintaining air india 108 now on final do not acknowledge further transmissions air india 108 9 miles from touchdown 300 feet right of course turn right heading zero four five you're in the one zero eight turn right heading zero four seven on course eight miles from touchdown zero eight seven miles from touchdown on course heading zero four seven air india one zero eight six and one half miles from touchdown on course approaching glide path air india 108 six miles from touchdown on course air india 108 five miles from touchdown on glide path on course begin descent here india 108. 75 feet above glide path adjust rate of descent here india 108 three and one half miles from touchdown on course on glide path miles from touchdown on course on glide path air indy 108 clear to land runway four right here in the 108 passing the auto marker cleared to land runway 4 right wind north northeast 5 knots here in the 108 2 miles from touchdown on course on glide path one and one half miles from touchdown on course on glide path one mile from touchdown [Music] radar out just another landing just another flight strip to be cleared from the control board just another routine bread and butter miracle completed ladies and gentlemen that was an international zone study of the united nations role in air traffic safety together with a modest hint that airborne people of all countries would not be as safe as they are if the united nations had not its own international civil aviation organization goodbye [Music] hello everybody welcome i'm skip alzheimer welcome to our av geeks lunchtime streaming show uh for those of you that have been watching since mid-march that was our 800th film 800 films that we've watched that's actually more than that because some of the films that i do for other screenings i haven't listed but 800 that's great wow um progress now we only have another 3 500 000 five thousand to go yeah new ones added all the time so uh that's an interesting uh the united nations television series uh i have quite a few in that collection um all of them are hosted by aleister cook and they all deal with international issues that only the u.n can solve uh quote unquote um but it captures like what air travel was like commercial air travel was like at uh that time in history which was probably i think the early 60s early mid 60s anyways fascinating film um let's see i think it's time to read a storybook courtesy of weston woods this is what we call an iconographic film um meaning that it's just panning across illustrations but it's short and it's we we saw one of these uh the other day that was over the top so i don't know i i haven't seen any of these um because they're iconographic but let's go let's learn about magic michael by lewis labotkin michael wasn't happy just being my brother he wanted to be something something or other something big something high that prowls in the jungle or flies in the sky when he got to be almost four roar then he'd spill his milk and lap it up or chew the rug and become a pup he'd become a cow and say moo moo then he'd eat raspberry jam as quiet as a mouse but did you ever try to read with a tiger in the house once i took him to school we were going to have cake he stopped at the door and hissed i'm a snake and as a girl said a poem bought a bird in a tree michael started thinking what could he be he jumped up on a desk and screamed or so i said excuse us michael's a stork then he let out a yell you could hear for a mile for now he'd become a crocodile when he flopped and he cooled at my teacher miss widgeon at his home because he was a pigeon but mike didn't care he grabbed a cake or two and hopped all the way home like a kangaroo if he curled up and munched a mitten you knew he had become a kitten but even as you watched he'd give you a look and gently fold up and be a book or climb up in a corner with that look in his eye he was a little round spot a mat or a fat little pig a goat a boat or he'd dance a jig and be a bear a chair or a belgian hare and he hopped so fast it was a shock when he stood still and was a rock or he'd tingling and boom tick tock and stand in the corner like a grandfather's clock he'd make you laugh he was very funny when he wiggled his ears and became a bunny and we didn't even mind when he'd splash on us of course we all knew he was an octopus but when he'd be an elephant for a couple of days and eat up my flowers and break the vase i'd be terribly angry but he'd just wiggle and squirm and not say a word he'd become a worm he nibbled on leaves and people would laugh until i explained he was a giraffe our house was a jungle every closet a den we even got used to that but then he stopped being something that growls or sings and decided from now on to be just things we're not trained the tune or planes that roar or things you could see in a department store michael picked hard things that you never could tell like the time he was a deep dark well or he shouted shock shock and ran back and forth hollering i'm electricity turn me on turn me off when he walked on his head and wouldn't stop we guessed after a while he must be a mop we worried for days and it seemed like a year michael was everything you could see or hear of course we loved animals birds and things lions and pelicans with golden wings but this climbing and crawling wore his trousers out and we had his future to think about should we send him to school should we send him to see if he grows up like this what would he be he's too young for school and if we send him to sale he mail one day pop came home with a great big box i hope michael's a boy but i suppose he's a fox it's really too bad and really quite sad but a bike can't be ridden by a toad or a shad said a voice from under the table where michael it seems was a horse in a stable then out he crawled with a glint in his eye shall i be something or shall i be i but when he saw the bike on the floor he stood on his two feet instead of all four guess what i am a boy cried michael and off he rode on his new bicycle folks see us come up the street wondering where he'll move or whether he'll bleed i say it's all right mike's a boy now he's really my brother he's through being a cow or some other so misbehave until you get a bike sure that works that's what little brothers do um it is uh glorious outside um end of september beginning of october it's my favorite time of year uh mostly because of um my birthday coming up but really it's because it's just it you know it's crisp and it's halloween coming up and i don't know it's just october is my favorite absolute favorite um i guess when i was a kid that's when the sears catalog came out with all the toys the you know the wish book uh just you know all the ads for toys would come on oh it's just a great time but it's also fair time and unfortunately um we can't have a state fair this year because people aren't um practicing social distancing etc so we don't deserve a fair um we do have the thing where you can drive through and supposedly get all your your fried favorite things um i was interested to potentially try the uh corn dog pickle where basically somebody shoves a pickle inside of a chives a hot dog inside of a pickle they batter it and then fry it um i'm not one that always goes for things like that but that seemed particularly compelling but because of that here's a film that captures the busy day at the county fair [Music] have you ever been to a county fair every summer many people come to fairs like this one this is the story of one family and their busy day at the county fair jerry and linda and parents have been to the fair before but this year is special this year linda and jerry have entered something in one of the because he has promised his family a surprise at the fair father says there's plenty of time before his surprise so he suggests that they all look at some of the exhibits first the first exhibit they saw was a display of vegetables at a fair the best things in each exhibit win prizes this man's pumpkin has won a prize one of these fine squashes has won a first prize the family looked at the flower exhibit next here were beautiful flowers of many different kinds near the flowers was an exhibit of handicrafts small articles made by hand in some wire cases there were other handicrafts that were interesting especially to linda they were handmade aprons linda thought that next year she might make an apron to bring to the fair and now the children were very eager to see an exhibit in another building can you guess what they wanted to see jerry ran ahead into the building where the poultry exhibit was and this is what the children were interested in it was their pet duck that they had entered in the fair jerry wanted to make sure their duck had enough to eat it was a very tame duck and its name was snowflake later the judge a man who knew a lot about ducks would pick the best ones but there was still plenty of time before the judging of the poultry would start so they went to see some of the other animals father was eager to look at the livestock there were some fine sheep at the fair their owners were getting them ready for the judge to look at [Music] the judge looked over several sheep and then pointed to one it was a fine looking ram the owner of the ram was mr allen father and the family congratulated mr allen on his prize-winning animal then jerry and linda asked to see some of the other livestock there was another prize winner a big hog it was a fine male hog a boar and it had already won three prizes linda thought she liked the dairy cattle best of all the animals because they always seemed so gentle they looked at some young cows not quite fully grown these are called heifers not far away were some steers steers are beef cattle linda and jerry watched the judges [Music] everyone was very quiet as the judges looked at the steers they were heavy well-fed animals jerry thought one of the steers owned by a boy would win linda picked one of the steers owned by a girl to win the judges carefully compared the steers to see which one was better [Music] then one judge handed a ribbon for first prize to a girl her steer had won jerry told linda she was a better cattle judge than he was and now it was time to see the judging they were most interested in the poultry contest the judge was having a hard time deciding among the ducks finally he gave out the ribbons snowflake didn't win a prize but father said the children did well for their first try and maybe jerry and linda would win a prize next year after the contest jerry and linda wanted to see more of the fair but father said he had to finish preparing his surprise so they would all meet later at the grandstand father suggested that while he was getting ready for the surprise jerry linda and mother could go over to the midway the midway was the part of the fair where all the rides were there were so many things on the midway jerry and linda didn't know what they wanted to do first there was a shooting gallery a place to test your strength and of course many wonderful rides first jerry and linda went on a ride called the mixer [Music] then they rode on the roller coaster [Applause] they had time for one more ride so they tried the octopus now they would have to hurry it was time for father's surprise father had told the family to go to the grandstand a lot of people were already there jerry and linda and mother found some seats then linda saw a father he was sitting on his tractor so that was father's surprise he had entered his tractor in the pulling contest mother explained the tractor pulling contest to linda and jerry a heavy load was hooked to each tractor the tractor had to pull a steel sled with a load of concrete blocks a tractor that could pull the heaviest load would be the winner as the tractor went down the track men would step on the low to make it heavier each man added more and more weight little by little the tractor slowed down finally the wheels began to spin the tractor stopped now another tractor would try once again the load was pulled the family watched as more and more men got on the load and finally the second tractor stopped and now it was father's turn there he was getting ready his motor sounded good and he hoped his wheels were weighted properly slowly his tractor pulled the sled now once again the men got on to make the load heavier it was easy at first but what would happen when all the men got on keep going dad come on keep going he was still going now he was halfway down the course the tractor was still going still going now he was almost at the end of the course now almost every man was on still going he made it father had won the tractor pulling contest the judge gave a trophy what would the family think of that jerry said it was a wonderful surprise father said he surprised himself too when he won first place but now they'd have some fun first they'd have something to eat at the hot dog stand and then there was the ferris wheel it was the ride that jerry and linda had saved for the last jerry couldn't wait at first linda thought she might be scared but after she was in the seat she found that it was fun around they went [Music] as they came to the top jerry and linda had a view of the whole fair they thought of all the exhibits they had seen and all the things they had done when it was over they were ready to go home it was a wonderful way to end a busy day at the county fair so uh i live in raleigh so we don't have a county fair we actually have the state fair here um and twice i have gone all day um first time i did it on my own and it was literally it was like 9 a.m to midnight that was my goal and about it was about 10 o'clock where i uh had just had a giant turkey leg and i was by myself and i started having this crazy sugar crash like salt nitrate i don't know what was going on and the fireworks were going off and i had kind of a freak out and i had to leave because i was afraid that if i didn't get out then i wouldn't be able to get out i don't know what was going on but um the second time i did it it was a challenge i did with a friend of mine who was an illustrator this guy uh paul friedrich and we did from 7am so before the fair actually opened we went to some horse horsemanship judging competitions and we stayed until uh well after midnight and what happens is the fair shuts down at 11 although it's still open but there's nothing going on and um i still had that kind of weird panic attack kind of part way through because of just the sea of people coming through it's just and then the you know the poor food choices and all this stuff and uh but think he was there and we had a little entourage that kind of joined us at different points during the day and um we did it we did the entire fair and it was very obvious at the end of it that i was like you know what if i really wanted to spend the night here i could do it there's really you just go under a ride or a booth you just set up a sleeping bag and just hang out if that's what you really wanted to do of course i'm sure at some point when the people go away the rats come out and so that's not what you really want to do um but i uh i love and i hate the state fair there are certain places that i love to go at the state fair one is i one year i got my handwriting analyzed by every single computer that had handwriting analysis i think it was three or four i found out that they were all owned by the same guy and what's great about it is they look like computers circa 1960s so they're or 50s so there's like all these flashing lights and you you fill out your signature on this little uh punch card and you they plug it into something and i don't think it does anything except just randomly spit crap out um but you know i spent like 10 bucks getting my handwriting analyzed um there used to be a guy that represented he had a booth and he represented this company that makes bell uh or ball uh jars for packaging and for um canning and it was just this black guy just hanging out and he was there like three or four years in a row so i'd always go by and visit him and say hi and you know he'd have a little jar a little jar of candy that you could get a mint um so things like that have always been really why i like the fair or these weird little incentive things and then of course all the kid art is really phenomenal um but i'll talk more about that i have some more fair films that i'll be busting out uh as we go along uh this next film is actually on film in case you didn't know i like actually have a telecini here that actually transfers film live and so i kind of alternate back and forth between a file that i've already captured and uh something else oh also yeah somebody pointed out that um so that last film is actually going to be rift by mystery science theater people uh for a fundraiser that they're doing uh coming up and uh they reached out to me so i'm kind of working with mystery science theater people which is really great they're very nice people uh really fun and of course you know you could say that what they did early on was something that contributed a little bit to why i started collecting films uh because it kind of reminded me of those those things existed i've never aspired to riff on films like them um it's just a different it requires a different type of brain that i don't totally have but there you go i i won't riff on a film while we're watching it but after i will definitely sit and talk about it make jokes about it anyways so this next film is uh the title is clipped but it's called pigtails and i'll talk a little bit more about the filmmaker as we watch it after we watch it details these are self-feeders they keep an even supply of feed in the troughs online feed is left around mr pig because he has a small stomach and eats only a little at a time he once curls his tail one way he always curl these modern barns keep the pigs warm and dry in bad weather and protect them from the sun and hot weather there are individual pens for each mother and her babies this is the story of a pig called curly because he has such a tightly curled tail curly has nine brothers and sisters and they're always hungry their mother lady a finder feeds them about every power they are quiet when they are nursing curly and his sister pinky are great pals and are always getting into mischief this is how pinkie looked when she was a day old early likes to snuggle his brothers and sisters little pigs sleep a lot and so does their mother and there go naughty children to run away but first uh why not have a drink at the grown-ups fountains and here comes pinky this is a fine place for scratching ah that feels good curly has been in the pasture before but always with his mother he joins some pigs that are rooting roots are good natural feed for pigs in fact wild pigs live mostly on roots pigs are curious and curly has always wondered about the spotted pigs that live next door he peeks through the fence say what funny pigs not to be afraid of those giant horses can that black horse that is nursing be a baby curly and pinky think she's a very big baby but look out they're coming our way curly's scared his little heart is pounding what should he do hey better run for home why why did he ever run away and now everything is all right again it's time for the men to let lady and her babies out to pasture and is curly glad to be near his mother pigs are naturally clean and if water is provided will bathe several times a day make their skins feel clean and cool sometimes farmers put oil and sulfur in the pig's wallow box to kill the bugs and improve their hair just like a woman's beauty mud pack papa peep also likes to root and take the bath the mud and water not only clean the skin but also get rid of the bugs the papa pig or boar has a thick skin and stiff hair hog hair or bristles are used to make brushes many products besides meat and lard come from pigs such as leather bristles hair fertilizer and medical supplies the sides of his mouth stick out because of his big teeth or tusks papa pete is inquisitive and likes to watch mama and the babies these babies nurse until they are about two months old but from the time they are three weeks old grain is added to their diet ah there's a real fight on so it's probably curly and so curly grows up he has his identification number notched on his ear but curly still likes to play with the little pigs pigs will be pigs say what's up the men heard the pigs into a pen when they are old enough to have rings in their noses rings are put in their noses to keep them from rooting up and destroying the green grass which is good food for them now look at curly goal and his blackjack fast curly would be hard to catch and so it goes until all the pigs of the right age are in the pen the pigs are not badly frightened because they have always been well treated good farmers are gentle but firm with their stock it hurts but only for a minute now it's black jack's turn it is hard work to ring a large number of pigs we know this is curly by the way he fights when a truckload is finished the men drive them back to their pasture spot superintends the job he is trained to herd the pigs and also he will bark if anything goes wrong there's a right and a wrong way to lift pigs every pig is a different little character good little pinky bad little curly curly looks cross but he will soon forget he joins his pals these wire fences are electrified and the pigs learn early not to touch their noses to the hot wires and get a shock wire fences are clean and inexpensive the pigs are older but they're still interested in the pig farm next door that raises pigs for market there the men are cooking at dinner for the pigs smells very good to curly good cow potatoes and beans this farmer mr reed does truck gardening and raises pigs as a sideline he grows most of their food and fattens them with fresh vegetables and plenty of grain to make their flesh firm sometimes table leftovers are fed to hogs mr reed grows his own grain and alfalfa pigs need well-balanced diet with minerals and vitamins just like tree farmers feed their stock according to raised or buy but what is happening now at that farm next door curly watches the farmers vaccinate the pigs pigs are vaccinated when young to keep them from catching cough a dreaded hog disease which might kill many of them each pig receives two shots they only hurt for a minute and protect mr pig for his whole life but curly is tired of watching and would like to be alone ah not a chance first pinky and then the whole crowd just like any and so they grow to be butons look at their broad backs deep side characteristics of good duroc happening lackey doesn't like it the men are taking curly and his pal away they will enter them in the hog show to be held at the stockyard the clark has raised many champion hogs the stock where farmers ship their hogs to be sold the selling is done by commission men these pigs are from reed's farm 200 pounds pigs grow fast and when they are six months old they are ready for the market america than any other meat that at the other side of the yards get their animals ready for the judging they wash and brush them until their coats shine and look at curly having his hair rubbed with oil he looks mad all right but his owner seems satisfied curly has the fine long top line the deep sides and full hands the durac is famous for this is an important moment for the farmer will carefuls farming bring mr clark another blue ribbon winner good old curly he wins sorry i got a little uh county fair um slant to the last two films uh so that was pigtails and that was made by frith films and frith films was started by emily rachel benton frith and um so this is one of the few female educational filmmakers there were ones that actually shot stuff for other um companies like encyclopedia britannica and cornet and uh also centron but she started her own company um so here's a little bit that's from her she passed away in 86 but here's something about what she um about her life uh an outdoor sports enthusiast she received a degree at wells college and trained in social work at hull house in chicago she did social work in tenement districts there and later in peoria on her extensive travels in europe and east asia she met major frederick firth um no that's not right frith yeah they were married in penang china fred frith preceded her in death several years earlier um she got a master's degree in child psychology from northwestern university wow there's a lot of errors in this she moved to hollywood california to study filmmaking she received a degree in cinema photography from university of south southern california well that's interesting i wonder i know the archive is there i wonder if they have some of her her archives uh emily established an educational film country uh company uh frith films she was the producer or manager and sometimes camera operator for the productions until she was 73 years old she produced over 60 films of elementary school to college level she filmed a number of pictures in other countries depicting depicting family life there she frequently used family nieces and nephews as workers as actors in her works which makes them fun for her relations to view she also did a number of films related to harbors of the united states she produced the lumber man which shows logging crews that work in hood river county she retired moved to carmel california near her brother c.k benton and they moved to the nursing home in oregon where she died in 1986. anyway so anyways um she's one of these uh this is what's interesting about educational films is that if someone wanted to to make educational films all they had to do is just start shooting them and then take out an ad an educational screen and sell them um and so what she did is she used home movie equipment like a home movie camera uh she doesn't none of her films really have sync sound where the person's talking you can hear them talk it's all overdubbed and i don't know if you noticed like a lot of the footage seemed like it was sped up that's because she was shooting at 18 frames a second which is about what home movies are shot at and then it had to be printed to 24 frames a second because that's what a sound film runs at so they didn't really adjust uh and double print and optically print it in a way so that it would run at the right speed they just left it um sped up and there's lots of filmmakers that have done this um there's another one a sid labyrinth who did this amazing film called um multiple sedosa but he also was an amateur photographer and he did a couple of films about butterflies and sold them on the educational film market or would sell them to educational film companies the footage and then they would turn it into a um educational film so um i think that she's definitely one emily was one of the most prolific of them uh and also uh the what she talked about in her films were really kind of fascinating um and so that's fritz films and i have more of those and at some point i'll bust some more of those out that one was uh very splicey um and uh but still pretty great all right let's learn about the dangers of hydrogen sulfide this film is made for workers who deal with the harmful chemical and how to avoid breathing it [Music] hmm so [Music] [Music] [Music] oh [Music] danger h2s is a familiar sign posted in petroleum refineries and chemical plants throughout the country there's a warning to all that hydrogen sulfide or killer gas is have to be present and the people unskilled in dealing with it should stay away this is the story of that invisible killer and of the vicious threat it poses to human life but it is also the story of how men in medicine and industry have learned to harness its lethal power and safeguard the lives of thousands of workers through education rescue techniques and protective equipment although the action takes place in one refinery and petrochemical plant the information applies to any industrial plant where h2s is used as a chemical agent or where it is produces a manufacturing [Music] byproduct in the refinery much of the lethal hydrogen sulfide arrives in tanker shipments of sour crude oil or nafta the term sour is applied to those materials which contain high percentages of volatile sulfur compounds including h2s [Music] tanker crewmen and men handling cargo hoses must be ever alert to avoid breathing h2s when working with such shipments tankers the sour crude oil napla is pumped through miles of pipelines to storage tanks where the h2s will again lie in wait for a careless human act minutes after a filling operation starts the atmosphere in a tank can contain enough h2s to kill a man in seconds and without warning [Music] measuring the contents of such tanks these gauges know that only wise men are live men so they take the proper precautions one of which quite often is to have a buddy standing by with his fresh air mask at the ready well-meaning but ill-prepared rescuers often become victims themselves on a processing unit where the prime purpose of the operation is to remove h2s from the feedstock dangerous amounts of h2s may leak from a faulty packing gland and a pump and set the trap for the unwary or careless worker or venting a pump may set the trap or inspecting a sewer or opening a pipeline many cases the manufacturing process itself generates large quantities of h2s depending on the pressures within the system the condition of the detection and alarm system and other equipment the normally safe area could at any time become a gas chamber for an innocent victim [Music] this operator uses a detector to determine the exact source of the h2s leak as h2s passes through the glass tube connecting grains of a chemical the grains turn from gray to black but what about the question how and when is h2s fatal to the human system in a concentration of as little as one tenth of one part of h2s in a million parts of air a slight odor of rotten eggs can be detected by most people for others with a less acute sense of smell odor detection would start at slightly higher concentrations the odor becomes stronger as the concentration is increased but then due to a dangerous characteristic of h2s the sense of smell is soon fatigued or deadened and at a concentration of about 100 parts per million after a short period of exposure the average person might assume that the h2s had dissipated because he could no longer smell it this should be a warning sign at about 700 parts per million or seven hundreds of one percent of h2s in air breathing stops and unconsciousness occurs between five and sixty seconds after exposure this varies from individual to individual depending on a state of health for example that this 5 ounce glass were filled with h2s and dropped into a 55 gallon drum containing clean air the resulting mixture could knock a man out in less time than it takes to give this demonstration much of the information we have on h2s and its effect on the human system we owe to men like dr h.w gerard shown here addressing a group of refinery workers dr gerard a prominent toxicologist has done extensive work and control experiments to study the effects of h2s on white rats a safer life for countless industrial workers has resulted from such studies in this demonstration before this group of processed men dr gerard will show how a living being reacts to h2s poisoning and how artificial respiration applied in time can quickly restore the victim to normal he places a healthy specimen in a jar under room conditions he seals the jar [Music] next he starts a chemical reaction to generate h2s in the job yeah we're not going to watch that i'm sorry i forgot about the the rats um i apologize um yeah that there's some white rat footage that shows up in various films that i have um and they don't fare well so uh my apologies um let's watch a bunch of extension homemakers uh tour the world trade center here we go [Music] oh [Music] the week of november 10 through 16 1974 was an exciting week in international relations it was a week of diplomacy and daytime it was also a week of demonstrations and destruction in that particular week 92 tar heel women all leaders in the state's extension homemakers clubs were on a study tour to washington dc and new york city for a close-up look at international relationships international trade and history in the making this is jan christensen home economics editor at north carolina state university inviting you on the most exciting united nations study tour in 18 years first let's make a stop on embassy row in washington why are embassies important what purpose do they serve dr otto vomel agricultural council of germany explains we have in this embassy in washington as any other embassy mainly two functions number one as part of our government we are a watchdog for this government observing america in its politics and its economic developments and we are reporting back to our government what we see and hear here because to know about america is very important for the decision making in my country and for my government so the number one task is observing and reporting now the number two task is to represent our country here in a foreign country we provide material for everybody who wants to know some questions has some questions and want to know something about germany we have a lot of printed material on economic questions on political questions and we try to give as much information as we can later in the day the tar heel women visited four other embassies south africa the philippines australia and japan at each embassy they had an hour briefing on that country's role in world trade and its trade relationship with the united states [Music] so [Music] the women who visited the embassy of australia heard michael rosell second secretary of the embassy make these comments about changing over to the metric system we have found one main thing in particular when you come to learn it and all of you are going to be involved in this exercise that they come to a stage where you must completely drop the old system you must forget pounds and all these things and just think purely of the new system think metric is the slogan they use and that's a very important point because other countries didn't do it that way the newspapers for example kept on running degrees fahrenheit and celsius degrees side by side and our eyes just picked up the old forms and that's no way to learn it but it works and of course it beyond doubt as a particularly as north americans or the united states is the only major country of any significance not yet america it'll mean an awful lot to not only the kids and the adults who have to learn it but in terms of foreign trade and all the sort of things where the immense simplification of the system will be worth all the temporary pain the following day we were to visit the pan american union headquarters of the organization of american states but two days before our visit a bomb exploded doing seventy five thousand dollars worth of damage although the fbi wasn't allowing anyone into the building we did have a chance to meet with two representatives of the organization of american states rafael sarda from uruguay chief of the visitors and speakers bureau and mrs elba decaible an economist from argentina mrs dicable brought us some down-home information comparing the economies of some latin and south american countries to north carolina north carolina is primarily a state where the industrial production constitutes 80 percent of the gross product and the agricultural production only 20 this industrial production covers mainly textiles and apparel metals and machinery chemicals and rubber its agricultural production covers cash crops and livestock latin american industrial production represents only 20 percent of the gross domestic product what do these figures show the north carolina is a healthy stay with a large and well diversified base of industrial and agricultural production some of its agriculture is export oriented like tobacco corn and soybeans which comprises the main cash crops while the livestock production is rather domestically oriented as it is in general the agricultural production and sport pattern of the united states as a whole where 85 percent of the agricultural products are consumed at home the homemakers were also guests of the united states department of agriculture where they were met by assistant secretary of agriculture dr clayton yeiter administrator of the extension service edwin kirby and other dignitaries [Applause] later that afternoon the bus loads of homemakers left for new york city and two other important stops the united nations and world trade center we chose a historic day to visit the united nations wednesday november 13th the day that yasser farafat leader of the palestine liberation organization addressed the general assembly although there were bomb and assassination threats and security was tighter than it had ever been at united nations headquarters we were allowed into the building the only group let in that day while arafat spoke to the general assembly we were in another part of the building listening to mrs helvey scipola of finland secretary general of international women's year here are some of her thoughts on women and politics we have not created the world as it is today i think we who have produced life would not be willing to see our children to be killed in the wars in the future and it's rather amazing for us who are newcomers in the political field that we still seem to consider ourselves as second-class citizens who hardly have right to go and say what we want and what i think the international women's theories especially should bring about is a change of our own to realize that we can do a lot if we are more active and we consider ourselves equally equally authorized and equally responsible as men for the whole future of the world at the same time another important international event the world food conference was going on in rome and in washington in new york people from the united nations and elsewhere were following the press reports closely maurice green of australia a member of the un's food and agricultural organization saw some political overtones in the world food conference this is a political conference on food this is not a conference on consumption or production we're not going to talk about the technical things fao has been talking about these technical things for a long time we believe that we know more than any other organization about that side and we're prepared and we stand ready at this conference with all the inputs later in the day security was a little less strict and we were allowed to tour the un building including the meeting rooms for the trusteeship council security council economic and social council and the general assembly during our seven-hour visit we didn't cross paths with arafat but each of us is a bit more interested in the middle east in its politics after making our way through police cordons and security checks on thursday the final stop in new york city was the 110 story world trade center where we heard about the center's functions and authority from sydney schachter deputy director of the world trade institute although world trade does seem complicated to most of us shakhtar pointed out that it does have its lighter side we got a list of 17 items that these people were interested in buying and we looked at the list and we said there's something wrong this is what they're interested in selling and they said no they said they're interested in buying so we were somewhat confused and we phoned around and we got some people who are interested in selling the list of products involved but we were some you know we were somewhat disturbed by the an anomaly here's people coming from taiwan looking for american manufacturers of toasters of small hand appliances small radios exactly what they make mostly for us well it turned out that the people who arrived were the buyers from the 10 largest department stores in taiwan who are looking for products whose labels had made in usa to be sold as a prestige item in taiwan [Music] later we took a tour up to the 110th floor and as one woman put it whether you're on the outside looking up or the inside looking down the world trade center is quite a building [Music] there's a postscript to all this it turns out that the arafat visit to the united nations and the bombing of the pan-american union were just part of the excitement generated in mid-november just prior to our visit to their embassy the south african delegation was unseated at the united nations and just one week after our stop at the embassy for the philippines their chief council was held hostage at gunpoint in the very building we visited [Music] the north carolina agricultural extension service believes that an understanding of world trade and international relations is an important part of today's homemaker's education the study tour to washington in new york was one way to create that awareness and the fact that the tour took place while history was in the making was an added bonus one that made the united nations study tour one that we'll talk about and remember for a long time that was fascinating um for a couple reasons one of them it's based in north carolina the all the homemaker extension women which is part of the um ag extension part of north carolina and at north carolina state um you know so these are the the women that would do presentations at local uh women's groups and would help with advice on how to cook and can and you know use the process the products that are made by the agricultural entities in north carolina um and they still kind of exist in a weird way and and the state fair is very much related to that so there's still uh competitions about canning there's still competitions about um cakes and eggs there's a whole egg decorating competition all that stuff just i love it and so awesome anyways um but the fact that they a bunch of these women middle-aged women went to uh dc and then went to new york wow all this kind of tumultuous stuff was happening um and they're kind of framing their trip uh the australian talking about how we have to switch over the metric system is also really great and it's something that we've been talking about on here um and yeah it's just it's really quite something and i think that the deal is that they this group probably raised money or got grants to do this trip uh and so this was their way to capture and to present what they did and talk about the importance of what their you know their mission is and what they you know they could also take it around the state and show it so it's it's a wonderful time capsule it's like a home movie but it's it's even more than that but um and the font they use is really great and the hairstyles are so good oh boy um thank you so much for joining us today uh in the comments on youtube and facebook i put a link to all the films that we have watched and it's at this point the count is um 805 films so you can look and see what we showed over the years uh and i want to do a special thank you to thomas uh thomas has been rewarding us every time we reach a benchmark like this uh and so he gave a very very gracious gift that we will use to not only purchase coffee which you can give us coffee from here but also to probably buy some supplies we need some white tape this white tape is what we use to tape things down and do quick splices and things like that and it will also go towards um some storage costs because we are paying for now two storage units um which will probably be close to 500 a month um and uh so thank you so much for that kind kind gift and thank you everybody for uh watching these films and letting me blather on about some things i hope they're interesting i don't know um but uh letting me kind of pick and choose the films and uh i'm trying to not show films that are too outrageous but um if you missed the beginning uh i found yet another really interesting countdown uh and i will actually go out on that um actually i'll just duplicate it and do this um uh what am i saying uh join me tomorrow one o'clock and we'll watch some more films but this is an interesting countdown made by a company films incorporated um films incorporated made films but they also just were a big distribution company um based in st louis i think um and so i was transferring one of their films and i found this really amazing countdown and so here it is looped and it actually has sound too so here is the countdown for films incorporated and we will see you again tomorrow everybody thank you so much take care um as always um please rewind and love each other all right thank you again bye eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five