AV Geeks Lunch 7-24-2023

hi everybody I'm skip Alzheimer well not really I'm pre-recorded skip Alzheimer and welcome to the AV Geeks lunchtime streaming Channel where we watch old 16 millimeter films I am traveling today but I still want to show you stuff because we got so many films 36 000 films at least uh so let's see this is what I'm just gonna do an intro and tell you all the stuff we're gonna watch and then uh you watch it and then I'll say goodbye uh so we're gonna watch Mostly Coronet films today because that's what we're doing a big project a big push to digitize uh all 9000 Coronet films that we have uh so careers in the building trade it was the first film then sounds all about us part of the exploring science series uh my first job uh stock clerk we have a couple of those in this series and this is actually made by Merlin latchford four Centron so these are Canadian sulfuric acid and then finally uh we're gonna round it off with a Centron film called how to say goodbye so uh enjoy and I'll be back to say goodbye goodbye [Music] most people like to watch workmen on a construction job but I had a special interest before I finished high school I wanted to learn something about the Building Trades I've always liked to work with my hands to build things maybe I thought maybe Mr Johnson the contractor would give me a job I don't remember much about what I said to Mr Johnson except that I was looking for a summer job and that I'd work hard he seemed to think I could handle the job and that he would need extra help that summer when school was out a new adventure began for me foreign it was hard work I wasn't sure I had the strength to do it but in time I found that I could do the work and by watching The Experience building Tradesmen work I had a chance to learn I noticed that every skilled Craftsman knew how to use the tools of his trade with precision and ease the carpenter moved carefully and coordinated his hands with the rest of his body Carpenters used many different tools skillfully I felt that he had to have experience in training years of training the experienced bricklayer knew what he was doing too he worked fast so his mortar would not preset after he measured his work to blueprint specifications he spread mortar with his trowel then he set the bricks in a firm and permanent position the plumber laid out a network of pipes to supply water to a building and to dispose of water from that building he worked from blueprint specifications too I learned that the plumber had to know basic scientific principles and sanitary requirements to do his job right he also had to be skilled in the use of different tools some are mechanical tools such as this pipe threader the cuts and curves the sheet metal worker made with his shears are not quickly learned and from the different pieces he cut he assembled ventilating equipment and heating ducts the work of the electrician also seemed interesting and you really have to understand intricate circuits to be able to set up an electrical wiring system As Time passed I realized that each skilled Builder must apply as trade expertly so that a structure will stand for years and years thank you time to eat time to relax time to make friends and talk the men talked about everything their families their automobiles their Hobbies I learned that most construction workers belong to unions and that there is a union for each trade they seemed independent and proud of their crafts but as I listened I realized that there were certain disadvantages to working in the Building Trades bad weather was a constant worry days and winter months meant a slack period may be no work and most jobs in the Building Trades are temporary once a project is completed the worker has to look for another job unless he contracts jobs for himself as Mr Johnson does or Find Steady employment with a business establishment or a city but if I could become really skilled like these Tradesmen here I thought there'd always be work for me when I returned to high school in the fall I knew that there was much I had to learn with the advice of the school counselor I carefully plan my courses to help me realize my ambition to work in the Building Trades I worked hard for now each subject each class became more of a challenge to me Mathematics algebra and geometry particularly I knew I could never be a builder without mathematical knowledge in mechanical drawing class I learned how to make drawings and see things in proper perspective in shop I learned how to put tools to their proper basic use the skilled Craftsman must work with people you must be able to understand instructions and to give instructions clearly so my English class was important whether I talked before the class study the meaning of words or read a poem such as this one by James Russell Lowell no man is Born Into the world whose work is not born with him there is always work and tools to work with all for those who will and blessed are the horny hands of toil that verse reminded me of the men and the work that I had learned about in The Building Trades I never was much of a reader but there I was in the library doing some heavy reading research about the Building Trades I discovered that there were more than two million people in the Building Trades Carpenters laborers painters electricians and many more and there are jobs to be had in most of the trades in any part of our country the best way to become a skilled worker or journeyman is to serve some sort of apprenticeship for a few years a job with the tools of your particular trade taught by an experienced journeyman each of the trades requires specialized training so I had to decide on one trade I thought back over my Summer's work and the skilled trades I had seen the bricklayer bummer the electrician the Carpenter and others such as the painter whose skill I had admired so much the glaciers trade also interested me more and more buildings are being built with glass walls and partitions so there will be plenty of work for the trained skilled glacier the plaster seemed an artist as he spread the fresh plaster smoothly in a few broad Strokes if I had a chance to learn his trade or any of the skilled trades I'd be happy but I remembered how interested I was in the work of the carpenter Last Summer and I recalled a wonderful feeling I get when I build something even a simple shelf in workshop class at school I figured I had the ability and the interest to become a carpenter after I graduated from high school I asked Mr Johnson for an apprenticeship recommendation I wanted to be a good Carpenter with his help and the approval of both management and labor my formal training is a carpenter's Apprentice began then I learned more about how to read blueprints I estimated the amount and cost of lumber I learned how to cut and fit pieces of many shapes and how to skillfully use the tools of my trade now with proper supervision I am learning to be a good Carpenter you know it's a wonderful feeling to know that I can build that I can really contribute to the growth of my community [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] it was just before supper and David was watching television he was watching a motion picture and it was a noisy one a little too noisy David thought now he didn't mean to turn the sound all the way off but how different how different the picture seemed now how strange without sound sound is such an important part of our lives yet David had never really noticed it before but now he began to notice sound thought of other sounds we hear almost every day all right [Music] yes thought David sound is everywhere but what is it what causes it he remembered something he once did with a tuning fork then while it was making a sound he dipped it into Waters the water splashed and the tuning fork stopped making its sound what did that mean he dipped it again but nothing happened when the tuning fork was silent no water splashed so when the fort was making a sound it must be moving to splash the water when the tuning fork was struck it started moving David couldn't see the movements but he could feel the movements with his fingers there was sound and there was movement so David understood something sounds we hear are caused by rapid movement of things call these movements vibration every time we hear a sound it means that something is vibrating oh sounds are caused by vibration watch see the guitar string vibrating sound and vibration your voice is sound but what is vibrating inside your throat your vocal cords are vibrating most of the time we can't see the vibrations that are causing us to hear sounds what sound is that David could tell by the sound that the airplane was flying away then there was another sound even without looking David could tell what it was the sound of an automobile of different things sound different then David heard another sound it was Alice who lived across the street taking her singing lesson Alice's voice was different from the other sounds David had heard but the sounds that Alice was making were different from each other too how are the sounds different from each other [Music] some of the sounds are lower than others good [Music] some of the sounds are higher than others I sound and low sounds you say these sounds are different in Pitch we can hear differences in pitch in many sounds foreign [Music] [Music] difference in Pitch is one thing that makes sound seem different what else makes them seem different listen [Music] some sounds are louder than others some are softer than others we say that this is a difference in loudness we can hear differences in loudness in many sounds oh difference in loudness is another thing that makes sounds seem different to us [Music] and there is one more thing why does a note on the piano sound different from the same note that Alice sing [Music] without even seeing Alice or the piano you can tell just by listening whether Alice all the piano is making the sound [Music] the sounds are different because different things are making sense we say they are different in quality most sounds differ in quality we can often guess what is making a sound because we can recognize the quality of the sound [Music] quality is the third thing that makes one sound different from another thinking about Alice taking her singing lesson helped David understand many things about sound sounds are caused by vibrations or movement of different objects sounds can be different in Pitch [Music] sounds can be different in loudness [Music] oh sounds can be different in quality [Music] yes David understood sound much better now that he had begun thinking about it sound is everywhere and it's a very important part of our lives David was sure he wanted to learn even more about sound uh [Music] behind the counter we'll give you more experience it may make it possible to jump from stock clerk to sales clerk the sales clerk must be able to cooperate with other employees help them out especially when they're busy and deal with customers being friendly and helpful so they leave the store with a good impression as a stock clerk you'll have a number of responsibilities receiving checking every item that arrives from the wholesalers warehouses against the invoice storing parts that have been received and price tagging all of them [Music] arranging merchandise according to catalog number this is a very important function because if the goods are not stored in the right place long delays for the customers could result [Music] another part of your job as stock clerk is updating inventory lists so the store doesn't run low on stock you'll have to learn how to use the telephone effectively to order parts [Music] and when you have a few minutes it always helps to tidy up the displays to keep the store neat and orderly [Music] I don't find the work here too complicated it's just a question of following a routine and not trying to take shortcuts that doesn't mean that there's no room for improvement back here working here for the last few months I've gotten the feeling of things and I've spotted areas where small improvements could be made I mentioned them to the chief clerk who discussed them with the manager and some of these suggestions have been adopted [Music] clearcast to perform like helping the manager check inventory records foreign and restocking the self-service racks you have to be able to work closely with your supervisor listen carefully follow instructions and especially be able to give your employer the feeling that you are a competent employee [Music] another part of my job is to write out orders for the new stock I feel this is a big responsibility one slip of the pen and a wrong order would arrive and I'd get the blame [Music] there are also some housekeeping responsibilities keeping the stalk items in the correct places following coding systems on shelves and bins keeping items placed so that stock numbers can be seen replacing items returned to the stock room back in their correct location [Music] I also try to learn all I can about the products I figure if I'm going to work with these parts and the more I know about them the better I can do my job [Music] thank you large stores have a different method of controlling stock than smaller retail outlets like the store where Doug Barrett works John Peterson is a stock clerk in this large department store his duties are quite different from Doug's while Doug's responsibilities at the smaller store include a wide range of Duties John Works strictly as a stock receiver for the clothing department okay [Music] as a stock receiver he accepts incoming stock for the closing department when it arrives he's given a copy of the purchase order it lists the merchandise his department is to receive [Music] he checks the purchase order against the packing list [Music] then he checks the contents to see if each garment ordered has been delivered at the same time he also checks the number color and style of each and he inspects each garment individually to see if there's any damage when he's satisfied that all the terms of the purchase have been met he signs a receiving report and accepts the clothing on behalf of the department uh [Music] [Applause] [Music] I like it back here I never have like sewing to customers I kind of enjoy working on my own and here they let me as long as they do the job right and we all get along [Music] I don't know it's uh it's a nice place to meet people [Music] much of the responsibility for keeping a large department store running smoothly and efficiently lies with the stock Department customers often become annoyed when they're told that the item they wish to purchase is out of stock [Music] ton comes in direct contact with customers John knows his work helps to maintain good customer relations [Music] he also realizes there's a good opportunity for advancement and higher wages if he proves to his employer that he's steady and reliable thank you working as a stock clerk will give you experience for other jobs too if you like working with customers you might move on into a job and retail sales or wholesale selling directly to stores [Music] find your aptitude to be in keeping stock and helping to improve control methods you may find an opening with a wholesaler in the order department or with stock control [Music] many Executives and store owners got their start as a stock clerk as a stock clerk you'll get some of the basic retailing experience you'll need in almost any business [Music] we are going to study the properties both physical and chemical of sulfuric acid or hydrogen sulfate as you can see from the contents of this bottle this material is a colorless liquid we're going to study its viscosity and several types of chemical reactions which it undergoes in particular we're going to study its activity as an acid it's activity as an oxidizing agent and its activity as a dehydrating agent in these two 10 milliliter pipettes we placed in the pipette on the right from sulfuric acid concentrated and in the pipe pad on the left water the rate at which these two liquids drain from these pipettes will be a rough measure of the relative viscosity of the two liquids I've previously established that water drains from each of these pipettes at about the same rate the liquids are now draining from both pipettes and you'll notice that the water on the left is draining out at about twice the rate of the acid on the right this indicates in a crude way that the viscosity of sulfuric acid is about twice that of water sulfuric acid and water mix in all proportions but in the process of mixing considerable heat has evolved in this Beaker I placed about 50 milliliters of cold water and in the graduated cylinder we have 50 milliliters of concentrated sulfuric acid I'll now add the acid to the water in the beaker and you should note the rapid change in temperature which takes place before we added sulfuric acid to water and found that although a great deal of heat was evolved the reaction was fairly gentle that is no spattering took place now in this sequence we'll demonstrate the incorrect way to mix sulfuric acid and water in the beaker I place 50 milliliters of sulfuric acid from the bottle and in the graduated cylinder we have 50 milliliters of water I'll now add the water to the acid and you should note the more violent effect of the mixing than was true before we turn now to a consideration of the properties of solutions of hydrogen sulfate as acid in this tube I've placed some sodium hydroxide solution a little distilled water and a few drops of methyl red indicator the indicator has assumed the yellow color which is characteristic of it in basic Solutions in the center tube I've placed a small quantity of sodium carbonate and in this tube a few pieces of Eros sulfide I'll now add a few milliliters of dilute sulfuric acid to each two you should note that the indicator change from its basic or yellow color to its red or acid color indicating if the sulfuric acid neutralized the sodium hydroxide sodium carbonate reacted with effervescence CO2 gas was produced the lead sulfide and the sulfuric acid are reacting with the production of a gas this gas should be hydrogen sulfide we'll test the gas with a strip of lead acetate paper or regular test for hydrogen sulfide we notice that the lead acetate paper turns brown or black indicating that hydrogen sulfide is produced when lead sulfide reacts with sulfuric acids in each of these three cases then sulfuric acid has behaved as a typical acid the reaction about to be carried out is one that you have seen before but it illustrates the general property of sulfuric acid so we will repeat it here in the test tube I've placed some crystals of sodium chloride and to these crystals We'll add a few milliliters of concentrated sulfuric acid reactions start promptly and you know from your previous experience that the gas being produced is hydrogen chloride I believe you can see some fumes rising from the mouth of the test tube where the hydrogen chloride is coming in contact with the moist air in the room this reaction of sulfuric acid with salt is characteristic of most high boiling acids the acid form in this case hydrogen chloride is produced we've noticed however that sulfuric acid is a pretty good oxidizing agent so this method can only be used when the acid produced in this case hydrogen chloride is resistant to oxidation the equations on the board illustrate three reactions of dilute sulfuric acid acting as an acid in the first equation the glute sulfuric acid neutralized sodium hydroxide producing salt sodium sulfate and water in the second reaction sulfuric acid reacted with sodium carbonate producing again sodium sulfate and liberating carbon dioxide and water the third equation blue sulfuric acid reacts with ferrous sulfide producing ferrous sulfate and hydrogen sulfide here we show the reaction between concentrated sulfuric acid this time and sodium chloride the product being sodium hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen chloride which was evolved we will now consider the activity of concentrated sulfuric acid as an oxidizing agent again we're going to use two reactions that you've seen before which illustrate the activity of sulfuric acid in this respect very nicely in this test tube I've placed several crystals of potassium bromide and in this tube potassium iodide I'll now add a few milliliters of concentrated sulfuric acid to each two in this tube you should observe the reddish yellowish color produced by pre-bromine and this tube the brown color characteristic of iodine this tube is also liberating hydrogen sulfide gas as we demonstrated earlier we will now uh study the difference in the reactions with metallic copper when we use concentrated sulfuric acid and dilute sulfuric acid in each of these test tubes I've placed some copper metal turnings to this tube I'll add some dilute sulfuric acid and to the other two and concentrate itself here again will now heat both tubes with the Bunsen burner for a few moments a few minutes later the tubes now have this appearance the dilute sulfuric acid and the copper do not appear to have reacted at all and indeed this is the case dilute sulfuric acid is not a strong oxidizing agent obviously not strong enough to attack copper on the other hand in the tube containing the concentrated sulfuric acid there is obvious evidence of a reaction we'll now let this tube cool to room temperature and then pour it contents into some cold distilled water the tube containing the concentrated sulfuric acid and copper mixture has been placed in this Beaker of cold water and permitted to cool I'll now pour the mixture into the small Beaker containing some distilled water and will now filter this reaction mixture first I'll pour a little bit of the liquid back into the copper sulfuric acid reaction tube and rinse off the remaining copper will now filter this reaction mixture the filtrate has this appearing you'll notice the characteristic blue color of the hydrated copper eye the anion can only be the sulfate ion but we can confidently assume that the reaction of sulfuric acid concentrated with metallic copper produces copper sulfate as one of the products during the reaction the odor of sulfur dioxide was present at the mouth of the tube this indicates that the reduction product of the sulfuric acid was sulfur dioxide when we place concentrated sulfuric acid on potassium bromide the first reaction to take place liberated some hydrogen bromide for this hydrogen bromide reacted at least in part was more of the concentrated sulfuric acid reducing the sulfuric acid to sulfur dioxide the hbr was oxidized to bromine this illustrates sulfuric acid acting as an oxidizing agent when the reduction product is sulfur dioxide now when we use potassium iodide and concentrated sulfuric acid the initial product was hydrogen iodide which reacted with excess sulfuric acid to produce iodine and hydrogen sulfide for this equation illustrates a second reaction concentrated sulfuric acid as an oxidizing agent in this case its reduction to hydrogen sulfide and from these two equations we can see that hi is a better reducing agent than hbr then we reactant concentrated sulfuric acid with copper and we found that the product for the reaction for copper sulfate and sulfur dioxide and water so this illustrates another reaction of concentrated sulfuric acid as an oxidizing agent when the reduction product is sulfur dioxin the third property of sulfuric acid to be Illustrated is its activity as a dehydrating agent in this beaker I've placed about 100 cubic centimeters of cane sugar or sucrose in the beaker I have 100 milliliters of sulfuric acid which has been heated to about 70 degrees Centigrade the reaction will take place without eating but is more rapid if warm sulfuric acid is used I'll now pour the sulfuric acid onto the sucrose and stir sulfuric acid has reacted with the sugar abstracting the elements of water and leaving carbon behind the water formed has produced Steam and the steam has inflated the carbon so that a mass of carbon and sulfuric acid and pushed by the steam has risen out of the beaker on the tripod I've placed a piece of ordinary cotton cloth and onto this cloth I'm going to pour a few drops of hot concentrated sulfuric acid now as before the reaction will take place with cold sulfuric acid but heating or reacid speeds up the rate of reaction you can observe that the cloth is very rapidly attacked and that it disintegrates a hot concentrated sulfuric acid attacks clothing in the same way and also devours flesh does it cheerfully as it does cloth so that when you're working with this chemical great precaution should be taken to keep it off of your skin when sulfuric acid was used as a dehydrating agent we studied its reaction with sucrose or sugar which has the formula C12 h22o11 this compound contains hydrogen and oxygen in the same proportions as they occur in water and we saw that the reaction which resulted produce carbon and water sulfuric acid acting to abstract the water from the sucrose the large mass of carbon that resulted was inflated by the steam produced and Rose from the beaker when the sulfuric acid reacted with cloth a reaction similar to this took place because the cellulose and cotton cloth are the formula very similar to that of sugar although somewhat more complicated the overall reaction is much of the same type however [Music] most people seem to think that spending money is easy if they mean just letting it slip through your fingers I guess they're right what do you guys want I'll just have a Coke how much are hot dogs 65 I think it's 85. where are your glasses I left them at home I like three double cheeseburgers three Cokes but if you're buying something important and you want to feel like you're getting the full value then spending money can be hard 785 okay it's not easy figuring out what's going to be a good buy okay can I have the hamburger this one yeah [Music] there almost ready now for the finishing touch glasses the first step in making an intelligent buying decision is to face the fact that you have a problem that an outlay of cash in the right place might solve me too [Music] as a school photographer there's nothing more disappointing than shooting pictures that are out of focus but my glasses kept getting in the way ruining a lot of my shots okay this is for the yearbook so I won lots of smiles okay oh hold on a second okay everybody kind of squeezed together please stay in Focus Smile everybody okay thank you [Applause] ready [Applause] foreign [Applause] and I could beat you too I'm sorry I'm sure nobody likes wearing glasses but until this happened I put up with them no I need to work I understand the secret of turkey at our house glasses are a big budget item is this the same grave we had last time you'd gripe if I had stuffing my brothers lose or break even more pairs than I do pretty please so I've always hesitated to bring up what I was about to bring up on account of maybe starting a trend that could run a small fortune uh how come you're putting gravy on your cauliflower funny Debbie how come you're not wearing your glasses it's playing rocketball today I just had enough of how I looked and how I felt and of all the inconveniences of having people joke about something that's not a laughing matter and it was an accident so I'd really like to do this time is get contact lenses I mean I know they're going to be a little bit more expensive but I am willing to pay the difference you really must be desperate to make an offer like that I don't know I it's not entirely the cost it's what they might do to your eyes it concerns me but they of super contacts now they say you can't even tell you're wearing them that's not what I heard Tony couldn't get used to his at all he just wasted his money he only wants them so she can bat her eyes without smearing I'll ask you all over her glasses that's enough Billy yes ma'am you said this time as if you wanted contacts instead of glasses but I think you'll have to have both the glasses too to change off on well then I'll pay for what all of the contacts cost if you just say it's okay to have them can't say yes or no until you give us more to go on and not just hearsay from the kids at school not with something as important as your eyes if they're safe and worth the money then we'll think about it but we're not promising anything yet oh and take your prescription by the optical shop tomorrow you'll have to have a new pair of glasses one way or the other thanks Dad thanks Mom I'm gonna go call Donna besides admitting to yourself that you have a problem you'll probably have to sell other people on the idea of any major purchases especially if it's something that wasn't around when your parents were your age but maybe sometimes they have good reasons for dragging their heels you really think she's ready I mean the the way she takes care of things her room for instance you know you can get an infection if you're careless with contact lenses well I wouldn't worry about that she's fastidious about personal things and glasses are a terrible cross to bear when a girl reaches a certain age take it from one who knows no I think the motivation's there she'll take care of them if Debbie gets contacts can I get a moped think so I'll never get anything hi Donna this is Debbie whether you're thinking about a stereo a car contacts or whatever once you've zeroed in on your problem then you have to get as much information as you can about what's available there are different brands if there's one better than another of what oh they're different from having your lenses ground you have to have them fitted to your eyes you don't go pick them out like you pick out frames gee that sounds like an appointment with the eye doctor uh-huh to start with I think if you lose a contact lens you can maybe get a replacement at an optical shop but but in the beginning they have to be fitted sounds expensive well they're not cheap but Prices range all over after it would have to be after I got mine I found out that some of the department stores have doctors on duty in their Optical sections and I can say the same kind I got for a whole lot less than I paid that's good to know I may end up paying for them myself but if you count the cost of driving all that way several times to make sure to fitted right yeah it makes a difference but then the cost of transportation for medical reasons can be deducted enough already I'd rather stick with the eye doctor I know if you're planning to buy something that can be checked out in a consumer magazine that's a good source of information the report usually Compares design features and quality of construction and might help you decide on one brand over another cover your right eye now and let's look at the end of the room the library was helpful but my real information Source was the doctor BP when I bought my new camera I checked out the warranty that's the manufacturer's written guarantee that something's going to work like it's supposed to or if not how you can go about getting it fixed or replaced let's sit back with him please if something you buy is largely mechanical make sure the warranty is spelled out in simple language so you'll know how to get what you paid for or your money back if the deal goes sour but where what you're getting is mostly Service as it was with me you need both manufacturers pledge to deliver quality goods and personal confidence in the competence of the one who provides a service if you can go to someone you know Debbie well I see no medical reason why you can't wear contact lenses great next question what kind whatever else I don't know about price and everything my parents aren't going to be satisfied in hearing just what I want would you like me to call them oh no you see there's something going on here that they don't know I know they're kind of putting me to the test to see if I can make decisions on my own I'm sure they'll call you up later and check up on me then you can talk to them meantime talk to me and it's very important with hard or soft contact lenses really that that one has to be willing to to do the hygiene regularly every day as it's designed or are there problems possibly could develop right about here is when I started thinking about consequences which is one of the things you have to do before you can tell yourself you've made a goodbye I wanted contacts partly because glasses were so much trouble and here I was finding out that contacts can be a lot of trouble too you always have to weigh the consequences does this new thing you want have enough advantages over what you have now to be worth its cost is it going to complicate your life or make it easier and there's no consequences without stacking them up against your personal value system [Music] what's important to you I knew my main reason was what most people call Vanity but where's the line between vanity and making the most of yourself anyway it's your values that finally help you make a decision and now for the Finishing Touch goodbye glasses foreign hey you got your contacts how do you like them Best Buy ever made [Music] all right that was great yeah seeing a girl from the late 70s early 80s trying to determine if she can afford um contact lenses thanks for tuning in today I'll be back live tomorrow Tuesday uh you can help us by uh buying us coffee at ko-fi.com Geeks or patreon.com Geeks uh you can also hit the like the Subscribe button um watch other videos that we have on our site those are all great ways to support us uh you can also hit the super thanks button which is in the YouTube chat uh but uh everybody have a great rest your day and we will