HEMO THE MAGNIFICENT, PART 1

[Music] the Bell Telephone system brings you another of its series of programs on science man's effort to understand nature's laws [Music] H doctor I know you keep explaining to me that this is a picture of a h Jim come on now let's get cracking with this look you know this is the film for my science screen take care of it and keep it in focus with you all right guys let's get set for a rehearsal everything works this time Boys Science screen magic screen music effects my magic screen film all set up Jim well the screen is ready and so is the imagination um get lost fiction and science that's a pretty good team say what's the Big Show about today heo the Magnificent humo heo that's Greek for blood oh blood blood well don't get any on you doc I think we're just about all set now we'll open the show on the magic screen wait till you see what I've got dreamed [Music] up come on Magic screen [Music] hey what's going on [Music] here hey you guys are people fellas everybody we got people uh toed people yeah yeah have they got guns I know you guys Hunters no no television show we're going to do the story of heo The Magnificent a show about heo well heo is our King heo help heo heo heo hi gang shom Alum sh heyo humans yeah they're doing a show about your life oh this is Dr research a scientist and I'm a writer and and you can't tell my story humans think blood means disease wounds pain these friends they know me for what I really am Health life I'm the song of The L the blush on the cheek the spring of the land I am the precious sacrifice Ancient Man offered up to his Gods I am the sacred wine in the Silver Chalice down Through the Ages I am the price men pay for freedom but to you scientists I'm a smear on a slide a stain a specimen a sickness my story is a song Only poets should sing not disease lovers come on gang let's go not just a gosh darn minute you you chemo Hot Stuff men like Dr research don't study disease because they love it 10 of thousands of doctors and scientists nurses technicians work night and day to create Health they've saved millions of lives mending bodies relieving pain fighting disease not by Witchcraft and instinct or or poetry but by experiment observation knowledge about you picked up piece by piece the hard way with their smears and their stains and their microscope you you drip well bless his little blood pressure the writer man made us [Music] [Laughter] speech what am I doing BL my top to a cartoon you invented him well I I goofed all right back to the woods Comics we need you like a bloody nose one moment boy what's the purpose in telling my story Mr heo the spirit of man seeks truth through many Avenues the artist seeks it through creative expression through Beauty music form the laws of Harmony the religious through spiritual Revelation through the power of prayer love Mercy moral laws and in science we seek it through the study of nature and its physical laws yeah and to us it's as fascinating as any poetry I may listen r one if I can stay awake man's fascination with you Mr heo goes way way back into our dim past probably back the prehistoric times when man discovered he could defend himself better with a club than with his [Music] hand or that he could kill certain foods he couldn't catch on foot by throwing rocks that's man all right yeah yeah death food and blood the Primitive imagination began to stir blood was life some early genius even discovered that blood would make his sick vegetables Lush and green again not knowing it was a fine natural fertilizer no wonder ancient medicine men attributed magical powers to blood and cooked up weird mixtures of it for curing the sick matter of fact as recently a Shakespeare's time blood and its circulation continued to be a a dark and fearful mystery then came the first great light that light was William Harvey in 1628 this English Pioneer of the scientific method using only his eyes observed and proved everything about circulation except the tiny capillaries which are too small to see without a microscope although he did predict their presence your circulation Mr heo is now completely observed and proven this chart will help explain it behold man The Great Brain it took him some 50,000 years to Discovery had a circulation and it'll take him another 50,000 years to explain it with that crazy mixed up chart of some morons innards hey who's the guy full of red spaghetti must have swar the inside of a television [Laughter] [Applause] sell you laugh eh I'm funny Char hang on wall no name no soul eh stupid be people I have name I have soul the great Professor Anatomy you listen to heo poet yet without my delicate Machinery of circulation I build for you you are just fertilizer oh yes you're the plumber back on the wall mechanic what good is your plumbing without my richness flowing through it now wait a minute wait a minute I like Professor Anatomy Plumbing I might understand yes you might it's beautifully simple science makes a big deal from it look two buls rubber like garag man F battery with i f with red stuff blood maybe is not important I glue together side by each now I take tube from right one make big loop and stick in left Barb so Samuel left tube into right Barb so everything full of liquid understand now two little muscle men one on each bulb and we are ready to circulate little muscles push what's the matter push something's wrong nothing goes wrong that's right but Professor got imagination watch here in the front door I put in little reception room one here one here between reception room and main living room I put One Way doors should only in open where you go out from living room I put another oneway door must only out open you come in front door reception room living room and out can't come in back door everything One Way see same way other living room is duplex house yes he's genius no now two smaller muslem men to push on reception rooms and ready muscles Roger like prize fight one two push goes round now no this pump is the Hat see the little dolls work the valves of the heart reception rooms fill up while living rooms pump out it's simple yes it's simple yes but what about the lungs the veins the oh details you want lungs H H little balloon [Applause] see now I put balloon inside another bulb so is long and I cut top Loop and putting long so now long is not push him out machine is suck in machine so we put two puling muscle men on the lung and the nose up here now muscles pull see that is long a one balloon lung you got millions balloons in your lungs little air sacks but one air sack billion air sacks works all the same now listen to my genius I make this little balloon so thin gas can pass right through it but liquid no a that something so now we bring the blood a pardon the expression inside long make it flow around little balloon and go out now slow motion inhale what happens oxygen comes in balloon passes through my thin W into the blood making it bright red the blood coming to the lungs is dark because is weak in oxygen instead is full of waste gas carbon dioxide which passes through my thin wall into the balloon exhale CO2 goes up flu and out exhaust pip the nose now without stopping inhale exhale isn't that Sensational but this is just long circulation down here is body circulation so we cut and put in body what is body is motor leing engine man woman cat fish any animal is motor what is making motor run air fuel air is coming from lungs already fuel is simple you eat food has carbon fuel like coal but food is needing refining digesting so for digesting is stomach for refining into high Octan and storing is liver so now oxygen from lungs carbon from liver is going into motor here and is burned into carbon dioxide ashes and energy energy body is using for working thinking playing gin Rami carbon dioxide blood is taken to the lungs and out exhaust by the nose the ashes oh my beautiful garbage disposal the kidney only 5 oz this Jewel but it cleans out all the ashes garbage and trash from the blood for this I should two Nobel prizes get I oops excuse it please doctor get back in the chart Professor yes do Cole Motors Ash cans he drives us crazy around here so that's science isn't that Sensational let's go fellas yeah yeah go I really goofed with you guys well I like the part about the funny heart though Mr turtle have you ever seen your heart me no well he never even seen my tail roll six what are you doing doc let him go huh it's all right F Mr Turtle here's your heart going look at it gold look at [Music] that and here's Mr rabbit's heart here's Mr Bird's heart hey mine goes faster than the others that's because you're small Mr bird small animals lose heat faster than large ones so their blood must circulate faster to keep their bodies warm now in small birds their hearts beat about 600 times per minute cats 130 man about 75 and a big old elephant's heart only 25 a minute hey Doc you got a human heart has he got a human heart where do you see this roll 10 physiologists have photographed it analyzed it taken it apart piece by piece and it's still a mystery to it now here's a human heart one of Nature's masterpieces this tireless organ The Poets sing about this seat of love and compassion weighs only about 34s of a pound but the work it turns out is almost incredible how long would you say that it takes your heart to pump a quart of blood just standing around like this a quart oh oh couple minutes I guess you're way off normally the heart will pump a quart of blood in just about 10 seconds in 10 minutes it would fill the gas tank of your car and in 10 hours it would fill a gas truck just 10 days it could fill the average home swimming pool in 10 years in 10 years this living pump only as big as your fist would completely fill two oceangoing oil tankers holy smoke I don't believe it neither do I it's astonishing but true now watch this amazing little pump in slow motion your heart's the strongest and toughest muscle about as big as your fist or your paw and it weighs less but it does as much work as all the other muscles put together and it never gets tired well uh what makes it work anyway you mean the heart what makes it beat in the first place well we don't really know do we doc oh we don't know we can't consciously make it stop or start but we know something about what makes it go faster or slower remember Professor anatomy's heart with the four rooms and the four little muscles this muscle man that works the right Oracle is the boss man through nerves like telephone wires he's connected directly to the headman in the lower brain and in turn he controls the other three muscles with telephone lines of his own he sets the pace that's why we call him the pacemaker one two one two one two one two one two one wire the sympathetic nerve it's called carries the go faster signal it's been referred to as the Whip or the Giddy Up nerve the other the vas nerve is the rains or whoa slow down wire emotional excitement like watching a prize fight or having an argument or falling in love stimulates the Giddy Up nerve the pacemaker speeds up the heartbeat fter faster faster faster faster faster faster faster on the other hand rest or sleep brings the whoo slow down Vegas nerve into action slower slower slower slower a lie detector is based in part on changes in the heart rate due to emotional stresses under questioning hey would you look at that and another most important automatic control of the heart rate is for the protection of our brain oh wait till you get this this will really be news to you the brain cells have priority over everything else when it comes to blood supply if pressure to the brain is too high it might rupture small blood vessels damaging or killing some of the brain cells which could result in a stroke if the pressure is too low the brain isn't getting enough food and oxygen fainting occurs to maintain a constant blood pressure to the brain there's a beautiful little device called a barostat which controls pressure just as a thermostat controls heat if pressure increases it sends a message to the reflex center in the brain pressure going up Roger Slow Down pacemaker you want to kill us nuts relax fellas doop one two one two one two pressure too low speed up you want to starve us make up your mind pick it up fellas 1 two one two 1 two actually this let me show you come over here and lie down will you oh yeah uh actually this little pressure governor in our next right here one on either side this little pressure governor for the discovery of which Dr cor hyons of Belgium received the Nobel Prize this little Governor keeps us from fainting when we suddenly stand up from a sitting or lying down position as we stand up grab gra it pulls the blood downward into our legs reduces the blood pressure in the brain but the Barat instantly increases the heart rate to help build pressure back up to normal you mean just standing up in myind legs makes my heart go faster yeah for a few seconds it does I don't believe it squat stand up he's right it's it does go faster what' I tell you yeah but my heart beats fast sometimes when I don't move like when I hide from a lion well that's different that's caused mainly by another kind of message to the heart a hormone a well a hormone it's produced by the adrenal gland a sort of chemical messenger that travels in the blood uh this may give you an idea uh roll 13 light waves flash lion to the deer's eyes the eyes flash lion electrochemically to the brain and the Brain sounds the Red Alert General quarters lion down a nerve goes the mobilization order to the adrenal gland the adrenal gland shoots out a chemical messenger into the bloodstream and he takes the message to the heart get going lion oh drop dead relax fellas a lion a lion get going one two one two one two one two we've got a lot of little Messengers like that running around in US haven't we doc oh yes chemical Regulators we call them when we experience fear anger worry disease any kind of stress you left me with a lion so are you hiding huh no but I thought he'd hear my heart pounding yeah mine too I think I swallowed a drum sometimes the what makes that boom boom sound doc well that's the heart sounds we call them ldub Jim roll love du real will you the love is vibration caused by the Contracting ventricles and the slamming of the front doors these valves here now the second sound the dub is the sound made by the closing of these two valves the slamming shut of the two back doors as Professor Anatomy might say here's how these valves work in a real heart as photographed by Dr Carl Classen of Ohio State University love dub love dub the beat of Life the oldest Rhythm it beats in babes before they're born it beats in eggs before they're [Music] hatched in creatures huge or microscopic nature beats creation's rhythm [Music] mystery and The Wonder of life it beats in Hearts completely removed from the body it even beats in pieces of this Never Say Die muscle such as the courage and integrity of your heart seee Hearts has got guts ain't they H sure have I got two of them two hearts I can feel another one right here in my foot no no that's your pulse ninny my what your pulse the you know the thing they take when you well you tell them doc what you feel is your blood spurting through your artery uh-oh more Plumbing let's go oh no heo this is fun I'm learning something hey poet you losing your fans what's an artery doc you see from the heart the blood is pumped to every inch of the body through strong elastic tubes we call arteries sending traveling waves of surging blood through them which we feel is pulse now here's the main artery the aorta it's called the big 1-in freeway through which all the blood leaves the left side of the heart under high pressure as almost everybody knows the aorta branches out into smaller freeways first to the heart itself and the Brain arms stomach down to the legs and so forth and these freeways Branch out into hundreds of miles of smaller one-way streets and alleys until they get so tiny you can't see them with a naked eye The Blood starts fast at the heart and slows way down at the end of the microscopic arteries Beyond this dividing line the tiny arteries become tiny veins which are much thinner and less muscular because of much lower pressures almost a mirror image of the arterial Flow Away From The Heart now the important news about veins as the one-way valves inside them which allow blood to flow toward the heart but snap shut and stop any Flow Away From The Heart now when we lie down there's enough pressure left at the end of the arteries to push the blood back to the heart through the veins but when we stand upright the veins in the lower part of the body need outside help to push the blood uphill since the veins are very thin every time we move a muscle the contraction squeezes the veins near that muscle and since the blood can only go one way because the valves the muscle squeezes it on up toward the heart isn't that something every time you move an arm or a leg or even make a face you're squeezing veins and helping to get blood back to the heart isn't that it DOC that's right that's that's why you stretch after sleeping to squeeze veins and get the circulation in the high gear for daytime activities that's why soldiers who stand at rigid attention for a long time often faint Keel over lack of muscle movement causes blood to to collect in their legs cutting down the necessary Supply to their brains that's why it's less tiring to walk than it is to stand still that's why your feet swell when you sit motionless for hours in a plane that's also why people who spend a great deal of time on their feet sometimes have trouble with their leg veins the constant weight of blood distends the leg veins so much the check valves pull apart and let the blood Bleak back down ever since I learned this I make a point of sitting down putting my feet up every chance I get hey Doc not to change the subject but where does This Magnificent heo do most of his work in the veins or in the arteries he does no work at all in the veins or the arteries well where does he do it now that's a good question but before I can go into that I'll have to tell you something about blood itself just a moment brother scientist so far your chatter on Plumbing has been uh Elementary but harmless but now that you've come to me I refuse to listen further unless you first describe me in just two words I can never mind Professor mention the two key words and I'll know you understand the Poetry the mystery and the true meaning of blood otherwise back to your Plumbing hey Doc he's trapping us do you know what the two words are oh you do the two words that best describe you and connect you with the mystical Origins and traditions of Life are seawater seawater [Applause] a [Music]