THE GOLDEN TWENTIES

[Music] [Music] e [Music] [Music] the [Music] there you are you please Dr me to the American history SE yes to the right around this Coast they help son oh we've got a theme to write for school on any period of recent American history GE I don't know what to pick well you have plenty to choose from here up to 1914 I guess that's pretty old stuff for us now 1914 and 1918 the war the first one you know but that's not much fun 1918 and 1930 now those were the days things were really fine 1930 39 now that's a depression you don't want that well here the second world war oh that's not history I could remember that myself oh well look here son by and large this is your best bet chances are you'll never live through any days like those again no one seems to remember them except people my age but they were our happy times take a look at this something will give you an idea of how things were in the 20s gee thanks thanks a lot you're [Music] welcome I'm Frederick Lewis Allen I'll cover the manners and customs of the 1920s Robert Q Lewis broadway movies theater nightclubs that's for me in any period Alan presin the lighter moments interest me this is red B not so old red here we had Sports in the 20s too I'm Elmer Davis I'll tell you about the political climate of the [Music] 20s it was quite a party when we heard that the first world war of our time was over the news of the Armistice was a bit premature but that didn't prevent a full scale celebration in Time Square iser had been there he'd have had a rough time we blamed it at all on him but now he was licked and most of us figured that there wouldn't be any more [Music] Wars we were ready for peace and when the steamship George Washington moved down the North River taking President Wilson to Europe and the peace conference we thought the world was about to be made safe for democracy yes that's what we thought but meanwhile we wanted to be amused to Thrill the crowds or maybe promote a cure for bunions we had the daring human flies Second Story men making their way up in the world the baseball scoreboard was easier to understand and a lot more exciting than anything happening in Europe which after all was a long way off but Europe was right with us in the latest French fashion especially the knif gowns which were very daring there was a little number in mischievous satin designed for an intoxicating bride its lines both modern and perisian women's legs came into the open for the first time but their heads stayed under [Music] cover something new came into our lives the TR traffic jam when the road was clear you could legally do 20 M an hour arguing with the cop got you nothing but a ticket all this added up to a new age beginning and people were ready for it they were ready to play too crowds jammed the resort where they were Amazed by the death defying stunts of wing Walkers who never knew which end was [Music] up it looked as if the new airplane was going to be more than an attraction for weekend crowds the Navy's nc4 had flown all the way from the United States to Great Britain in only 54 flying hours and they were the lighter than aircraft like the British R34 which flew across the ocean with Incredible ease you couldn't be sure whether the future lay with the derable or the airplane but anyhow wasn't it a great future there weren't any commercial airlines in America but toward the end of the war the post office Department had started its air mail service and when you saw one of the little air mail planes in action and realized that Aviation had plenty of brilliant wartime Pilots to draw up men like Eddie Rickenbacker and Bert aosta you knew that the age must really be coming at this point the people voted for something hopefully called prohibition and when the saloons and bars closed up early in 1920 it caused a great deal of downright [Music] grief the trouble had started a good many years earlier when a firm old lady named Carrie Nation had raided the saloons with a hatchet she won and when the prohib Amendment became the law of the land enough good hard liquor went down the drain to make you feel like crying it looked like the end the absolute end of liquor in the United [Music] States by that time the soldiers had come back to joyful welcomes even though most of us were trying to forget the war war heroes like Sergeant Alvin York got a big hand from the crowds and the top brass General Blackjack ping and Admiral William Sims were showered with honorary degrees the veterans had organized the American Legion which held its 1921 convention in Kansas City as usual the legionaires took the town by [Music] storm with them was a good display of generals and Admirals foreign and domestic men whose names everyone knew like Jack of Belgium Lady of England and of course [Music] persan even while the victory celebrations were going on here and there the old belligerent Spirit began to seek less worthy outlets in a few cities there were riots race riots with Mobs trying to get their hand hands on [Music] prisoners nearly always the police and National Guardsmen managed to keep the crowds under [Music] control others were not so easily controlled a secret organization the C tuck Clan spread its poisonous influence throughout a large part of the country and a man called Mr zero in order to dramatize the helplessness of the jobless held auction sales of human labor before crowds of fascinated [Music] bostonians the struggle between capital and labor Rose to its peak in a series of prolonged and Savage strikes prices were high men demanded increased wages which many employers refused to give them there were many war horses of Labor agitation National figures like Old Mother Jones who believed in a fight to the Finish but there were also a lot of hard-headed practical negotiators among the leaders of organized labor men like William green and Phil Murray of the United Mine Workers and his chief John L [Music] Lewis the wave of postwar strikes came to a crisis in Boston when most of the police walked out leaving the city [Music] unguarded a volunteer police force was formed and the militia was called out to patrol the streets once peaceful Boston seemed like a city under [Music] arms [Music] then onto the scene stepped Calvin kulage governor of [Music] Massachusetts he said there is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody anywhere anytime that statement made made coolage famous overnight not long after this the wave of strikes died out public weariness aided by a break in prices ended it and after a conference labor boss Samuel gumpers and industrialist Charles Schwab managed a feeble smile together there was a good deal of violence during the years directly after the war the worst damage was caused when a bomb went off in wal Street just outside of JP Morgan's [Music] office experts examined the bomb fragments but no one ever found out who set off the bomb though the public believed that revolutionists were to blame it was noted that the statue of George Washington just across the street escaped the blast unscathed so did JP Morgan who was vacationing in Scotland at the time even before the Wall Street explosion there had been Nationwide raids on communist headquarters a result of the general belief that Bolsheviks were plotting to overthrow the government there was not much difference in the public mind between socialists and communist and the public seemed glad to have any type of radical brought to trial in many cases juries found the prisoners guilty and then if they were aliens they were ordered deported it was during this Red Scare that two men of Italian birth were arrested and convicted for the murder of a pay master in South brain tree Massachusetts at first the question of their guilt or innocence attracted little attention but before they were executed years later the case of SEO and vanetti was to arouse Fierce controversy throughout the world in due course hysteria died down but not until hundreds of alien radicals had been started on their way home the hysteria ended but the melody lingered [Music] on Glory don't like the red white and blue and don't act like the Cur the story theing you well that tune came straight out of voeville voeville was in its golden era still the main attraction even where films were played a lot of the small time for a day Acts were routine but [Music] [Music] good [Music] on a big time you saw the great stars like Harry Houdini never equal in his [Music] line the vaille circuit was the best training a lot of famous actors and actresses ever had when they reached the top in Vaudeville they were [Music] in one act Gallagher and machine was so popular that crowds mobbed them after every [Music] [Music] show there was also the question of how to spend your spare time Outdoors the seashore was not a bad place to go if you didn't mind getting slapped in the face by the ocean even if you did there were compensations thoughtful be you provided jazz music by Bathing Beauty and there was always Atlantic city where the policemen led the Bathing Beauty parade after the cups the girls look good we were just getting used to the new one piece [Music] suit this was the Heyday of the dance hall and when some smart operator linked Jazz and Marathon dancing he had something good for the box office although it was a bit rough on the [Music] contestants all this didn't prevent the girls from going in for classical dancing in which they struck highly interesting poses Ru and Dennis was the leader in that field in ballet fim was considered the [Music] master Anna pava and fedo chaen who had taken a powder out of Russia about the time the bulvik took over only fed birds for fun for a living annna danc and Fedor sang the long-haired musicians even when they had crew haircuts like Rak manino were sure to be popular peski not only looked like cap aut look but he was one of the few to be successful in politics too all the best in music came to America Scotty GTI Kaza and enrio kuso the [Music] tenant things weren't so harmonious on the political scene President Wilson had brought back to Washington a peace treaty with a plan for a League of Nations both of which met opposition at home Wilson campaigned stubbornly for his ideas but he became ill and the opposition which was centered in the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee managed to defeat it the leader of the opposition was Senator Henry cabat Lodge senior another great political event had taken place women had won the right to vote and they became a political force before which the stoutest politician quailed they had tried to invade the barber shop but the customers thought they played too rough in the presidential campaign of 1920 women had their first chance to vote for a president of the United States the Republican candidate Warren G Harding was a very handsome man and he was careful to say nothing that might offend anyone entertainers like Al jolon helped liven the campaign and Harding always posed like a regular [Music] fell he had the August backing of Charles Evans Hughes and the beest stage star of former times lilan Russell plump for Hardy in an appeal to the newly enfranchised Women Voters his vice presidential running mate was Calvin kage made famous by the Boston police strike and it looked to them as though the election was in the bay they were right the Democratic Party's candidate Governor James M Cox of Ohio and his running mate one of the New York Roosevelts never had a chance the Republicans moved in on Washington with Great Hopes Harding stood for a return to normaly a great contrast to Wilson's idealism as they drove off to the ceremony on Capitol [Music] Hill the voters now had an Administration that was willing to take things as they came Andrew melon became the Secretary of the Treasury and and under his regime the government debt was rapidly reduced taxes were cut and the foundation for a new period of prosperity was laid in that atmosphere a great and Nationwide upswing in productive work and in industrial techniques [Music] began everyone liked Harding who was a friendly man and when gumper call to ask for the release of Eugene Debs an imprisoned socialist leader Harding agreed to the part and Debs who had been jailed for obstructing the conduct of the war was free after all the war was over and the problem was to get back to normal living National Defense cost a lot of money and armaments were thought by some people to be one of the causes of War so hard in called for a conference for the limitation of Naval armaments in that Era of Good Feeling there seemed little likelihood that there would ever be another War and the diplomats converged on Washington in High Spirits Secretary of State Hughes presided over the conference at which the wartime allies agreed to reduce the number and limit the size of their warships and at the time when no threat of War existed the agreements made appeared to be sensible and logical even if they put the Japanese in effective control of the Western Pacific seemed like a good idea at the time but Battleship decks could still be cleared for Action preferably for one of the new dancers like the black bottom these were pretty fancy goings on but after all people were letting their hair down the women were fascinated by Peggy Hopkins Joyce who had a habit of getting married and divorced and married again and again when the immigration authorities kept a visiting English actress the Countess of cathot on Ellis Island for alleged M turpitude it sounded as though the Countess was up to something special although the charges were later dismissed the Jazz Age began to get interesting the girls stopped wearing cets and began to dance in a friendly [Music] way the younger generation discovered that sex and Autos went well together and the pulp magazines confirmed the [Music] [Music] discovery Hollywood new knew all about that angle why someone cooked up an audience reaction meter to test the voltage given off by Rudolph Valentino flinching with Vilma [Music] [Music] Banky the love meter almost blew a fuse things got so hot in the movies that The reputable producers signed up will Hayes at 100 Grand a year to clean up the picture business and yet keep the busy bodies off the industry's neck anxious reformers thought the movies were overselling girls maybe they were they had some Beauties glorious Swanson was one lovely no one could ever forget and when she turned up on an incoming liner with a new husband this time a French Marquee well no one bothered about the rest of the passengers John Baron and Dolores Castell were members of the royalty of stage and scream and even more than that great box office but the star who really laid him in the aisles was Rudolph Valentino the great [Music] lover there are fans who will never forget him and Broadway will never forget his funeral they had to call out all the cops and even then it was almost a [Music] riot PA andri was there and the honorary Paul bearers included all the brass from Hollywood Dead or Alive Valentino had made history in the growth of American movies as a matter of fact everything that happened to a star was important the fans went Gaga in the romance of rodler and Vilma Banky ended just like in the pictures as a comedian Charlie Chaplan was already the old [Music] master [Music] Douglas Fairbanks was the kids hero but as a screen couple none could surpass garble and [Music] [Music] Gilbert it wasn't all sex there was Will Rogers who had a Homespun quality that no one has ever been able to match will came up the hard way through the vvill circuits well all I know is what I read in the papers but it was Al Jose who had first cracked things wide open for the new sound movies when he starred in The Jazz singery I'm coming God I hope I'm not late don't you know me it's I walk a mil [Music] me thing that really rung the heart was Prohibition 13 long years AG that beer they used to make tasted like no beer on Earth in the first place and then when they spiked it with alcohol and ether you needed some support flasks were worn in the best circles and you just didn't criticize what a man's boot leer had sold him even if it almost killed you to drink the [Music] stuff the most disturbing thing about Prohibition was the contribution it made to General lawlessness there were of course a lot of notorious criminals in the early 20s like Gerald Chapman who had no connection with the traffic in illegal liquor Chapman had murdered a policeman in Connecticut and when he was brought to trial no one thought of him as a big man he was just another Bandit with a twisted mind and he was condemned to death but in many American cities especially Chicago gangs of hoodlums in the pay of wealthy Bootleggers might be arrested but it was sure they would be as quickly freed Chicago's mayor at this time was Big Bill Thompson a greevy politician who was less interested in curbing the gangsters than in holding office he got himself reelected in one campaign on the slogan bust King George in the snoot a slogan which after all didn't have much to do with condition in the city of Chicago while big bill was mayor a gangster named Al Capone ruled as Undisputed boss of the Chicago underworld when he was jailed years later it was for income tax evasion but crime was abhorent to most American citizens millions of whom were wholehearted churchgoers there were great numbers of people whose religious instincts were stirred by the emotional exaltation of Billy Sunday a ball player who had become a famous evangelist when Billy pitched the gospel a congregation never forgot it brightening The Twilight Zone between faith and science was emel kuay a French pharmacist who taught that one grew in strength by chanting every day and every way I'm getting better and better and when the Austrian surgeon Dr Adolf Lawrence demonstrated his bloodless surgery technique in America his work met with wide [Music] approval science was leaping forward Madam cury already famed CODIS discoverer of radium arrived to accept a gift of a gram of the magical metal about which so little was then known and whose full possibilities were not [Music] imagined in the respect of everyone for his invention of the incandescent electric light a scientific Milestone yet suddenly religion and science collided John Scopes a young teacher of Tennessee had taught contrary to state law Darwin's theory of evolution the Tennessee country people believed this was contrary to biblical Doctrine and scope's trial got worldwide publicity with a Tennessee fundamentalists lined up against the Liberals and intellectuals of America William Jennings Brian old and full of oratory defended the beliefs of the fundamentalists he was aided by the prosecuting Zeal of Old Judge Ben McKenzie a local politician influential in the area who helped to make the trial an inquisition the courtroom was packed as the case reached a climax Arthur Garfield Hayes defending Scopes explained Darwin's theory of evolution and Dudley field Malone another liberal added his plea for tolerance to the cause of freedom of thought then the defense threw in another Artful veteran Clarence Darrow for what turned out to be the cross-examination of briam Darrow in the shirt sleeves analysis reduced the Elder statesman's Antiquated ideas to intellectual Rubble but still the court found Scopes guilty and so ended a Preposterous case on the political scene there had been some changes Harding's death came as a great shock to the nation it was entirely unexpected and the American people sincerely and affectionately mourned the passing of this kind and friendly man now celvin kage became the nation's chief executive he was an old-fashioned Yankee acid and Thrifty hardly the type you would expect to find in professional [Music] politics soon after he became president certain well hidden irregularities of the Harding Administration began to be revealed the chief Scandal concerned the secret lease of government-owned Naval oil fields Secretary of the Interior Albert PA had been induced to lease an oil field to the mammoth Oil Company headed by Harry F Sinclair already a millionaire oil magnet by bit other truths came out some from Paul's friend Playboy Ed mlan in testimony before a congressional investigating committee enormous bribes were revealed but in the end the acarus fall got off with a fine and a year in jail the scandals of the Harding regime never touched kulage he was Incorruptible and in 1924 he was elected president in his own right the vice presidency went to the eminent Charles Gates do Chicago Banker who had helped to set up the United States government's present budget system now the Republicans had really come to town and at the inaugural ball they celebrated in style they had an honest careful man in the White House Daws to be a popular figure and Hugh to end his dignity to the administration and business was booming especially it boomed in Florida a fine place to go for a winter vacation elaborate hotels were being built and the City of Miami drove mightily soon people people all over the country were buying Florida house lots and immediately selling them at huge profits a rush to get to the new El Dorado began and the Pioneers couldn't wait for houses to be built they had to be in on the ground floor and they didn't mind such minor inconveniences as the lack of a roof over one's head it didn't matter where you live when you were Within Reach of those dazzling profits you and your family might become millionaires overnight pyramiding publicity with the stress on girls girls and more girls helped to keep the boom [Music] alive then the smashup came and then a hurricane hit Florida wrecking the waning dreams of the last speculators but Florida wasn't done for Miami wasn't done for slowly they recovered to build again on a more rational basis but the great Florida land boom was over it had been quite a [Music] binge if Florida had been struck a temporary blow most of the rest of the country hummed with prosperity and was having itself a good time welcoming distinguished visitors for instance among these was the prince of Wales an attractive young man heir to the British crown and a veteran with a good War [Music] record he liked to enjoy the pleasures of the Rich and was much in demand among them being the world's most eligible bachelor when he came to the United States New York had hardly learned how to Stage a really razzled Dazzle welcome that we had mastered a few years later when the Great ship Leviathan steamed into New York Harbor with Queen Mary of Romania aboard she was a decorative lady undeniably a queen and her welcome set a standard for all future distinguished visitors first came the parade up Broadway at the noon hour when you could always raise a crowd then came the official greeting by mayor Jimmy Walker on the steps of City Hall there were other attractions too those were really the golden days for sports fans the Giants trained at Sarasota and the Giants were always [Music] good Frankie frish was among the idols and you could always count on their manager John J mcra being on hand to run [Music] [Music] things the Dodgers trained at Clearwater Florida coached by Ben Eagan with Zack qu is captain and Wilbert Robinson is manager Toof and springs was one training ground of the St Louis Brown and they had one of the best of the alltimers JY Syler their player manager when the season really got underway there were other headlin William Hornsby and Kifer of the Cardinal and Walter Johnson of the Senators and Maize of the Yan but the best of them all was bab ru when he wrapped his hands around a bat and got his feet set right great things could happen in the 1927 World Series wiy Moore pitched for the Yankees and kman Hill for the Pirates judge Landis and Colonel Jake ruper were on hands that was the year The Babe knocked out 60 home runs and the Yankees won the series in four straight games there were other record Breakers Bobby Jones and Atlanta Georgia boy who was to win the British Open and the British amateur and the same year take the American open and the American amateur championships a clean sweep of the field body had iron control especially with that putter of his Calamity Jane then there was man of war one of the great race horses of all time as a 2-year-old big red started in 10 races w nine of them and came in second in the One race he didn't win as a three-year-old he started 11 times one in 11 times earol Sandy was the top money jockey he won so often it got to be a habit Polo was in its Heyday with boxes at $275 a piece and the international matches were the Great events in that magnificent sport a hard one to beat for Speed coordination and horsemanship football turned out some Stars will never be for forgot Red Grange of Illinois the Galloping ghost was almost impossible to stop can rockney Notre Dame's great coach was on the crest of the W it wasn't often that rock teams lost a game the East had its Stars too Al Bo of Yale was one of the best running backs the game could do in those days they were hanging up new records on the track NY the flying Finn raced for the stopwatch in his [Music] hand Johnny Weiss M was another natural athlete his record of 51 seconds for the 100 yard freestyle stood untouched for 16 years that made him the fastest swimmer in the [Music] world the ch water baby Americans really went wild about was a girl good TR aty the first woman to swim the English Channel it took her only 14 1/2 hours a new [Music] record and when Trudy got home New York went wild this 18-year-old girl had succeeded where several men had failed at City Hall May Jimmy Walker compared our crossing of the Channel with Moses crossing the Red Sea Caesar Crossing the Rubicon and Washington Crossing the Delaware in tennis it was Tien long Master of the courts among the women there were the American champion Mala maler and the Frenchman Suzanne langman but after a while there was only one the little girl with the eye shade and the poker face Helen Wills she won 15 championships British and [Music] American most rugged of all the Champions was Jack Dempsey the manassaa when Dempsey worked out with his sping partners he had the whole back if Jack was training for a big bout he took every workout and dead earn [Music] it Dempsey Tangled with purple a wild bull of the pampis and in two rounds almost everything happen pero knocked Dempsey out of the ring but Dempsey bounced back and flatten purole for the C he was champed for over seven years and then there was a new Champion Jean tunny beat Dempsey in Philadelphia but Dempsey got a second crack at him in Chicago and the all-timers are still talking about this fight and the Long Count here it is deny knocks Tony down the referee won't start his count until Dempsey moves to a neutral corner 4 T waits to the count of nine and then goes on to win by a decision but thousands of fight fans thought Dy had been robbed by that long count Jean got the official welcome at City Hall and then after defeating Tom Heeney he retired from the [Music] race Tony it appeared liked books and so did a great many other Americans they read the works of Michael arand and were Spellbound by the superb style of Joseph Conrad a pole who had learned to write in English hundreds of thousands of Americans bought the outline of History by that tremendously productive Englishman HG Wells another great English writer John goldsworthy delighted the American reading public with his Chronicles of the foresight family there were scores of popular books by American Authors too and a few brilliant ones for it was a time of fresh and energetic Creation in American writing a new sort of Gadget began to cut into reading time it had been known as the wireless but it gradually changed its name to radio the early broadcasters operated pretty much like the present one except that now they have air conditioning in the studios it didn't take long for the new Gadget to catch on especially when there were so many new jazz bands on the air [Music] you could get most of The Sensational news from Radio 2 there was the hall Mills case complete with a pig woman she was a key witness in a murder mystery that had everybody baffled Mrs Hall's husband the preacher had been killed in a jersey back road and so had the wife of James Mills no one ever figured out why Floyd Collins was another great dramatic story Collins had been trapped in the Kentucky cave by a falling Boulder and the whole nation wanted to know from hour to hour what progress his Rescuers were making the youth had been exploring the narrow twisting entrance to the cave when The Rock had fallen and pinned his foot so he couldn't move the rescue was planned to sink a shaft to intercept the tunnel at the point where Collins was trapped but before they could finish it Collins died after 18 days in the tunnel the nation felt a genuine sense of frustration and [Music] defeat Tops on Broadway or even at a picnic with the Glamorous stars of the Metropolitan [Music] Offa Lawrence tibit was one of the promin in homegrown baritones and Rosa ponel was one of the best of the Native warblers Madame Schuman Hank was a concert Landmark but she had made her early Fame in vagian [Music] Opera an early Missouri thrush was Marian tally meteoric soprano at the Metropolitan Opera [Music] House and Grace Moore a girl from Tennessee one of the lovely of the [Music] mor American Music was growing up fast George gerswin the most gifted of the young composers moved back and forth between Broadway and the concert stage was equally at home in both meanwhile Irving Berlin went on turning out Smash [Music] Hits the legit theater boomed along with the rest of the nation there were plenty of good shows to take in plenty of customers at the box [Music] office visiting entertainers from Europe if they were as gifted as Harry laer star of the English music Halls were certain of a generous reception in the United States [Music] [Music] but Americans were loyal to their own products too the girls had just about what they have now and Earl Carol was the first to treat it on a dead pan mathematical basis next 12 and A2 bu 34 and [Music] 1/2 waist 23 and [Music] 1/2 35 there was a Cris for Speed and more speed at the automobile races you could never tell when something would happen [Music] but Ralph depalmer and Peter depalo were always the indestructible unbeatable one Aviation was still kind of hazardous [Music] too you see people had strange [Music] ideas which almost worked and there was one that looked like a c [Music] work and one man who had theories about wings but couldn't run fight fast [Music] enough but in spite of real danger aviation's Pioneers kept on trying some experimented with gliders towed by [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Music] planes the best professionals had their troubles too Renee frunk a French War a started out to fly from New York to Paris he gunned his big plane heavily loaded down the runway tried hard to get her off the ground but couldn't make it two crewmen were lost in the crash but Funk lived to fly again [Music] but no flyer received a tenth of the adulation that came to Charles Augustus Lindberg who set off alone in a tiny plane to fly from New York to Paris in Paris Lindberg was taken in tow by Ambassador Harry and French American relations reached a new peak of friendliness back in New York Lindberg was given the greatest reception that anyone had ever had the admiration for him in American hearts and mind was both deep and hysterical [Music] the governor of New York Al Smith was proud and happy to be allowed to stand beside him in keeping with the liveliness of the period president kulage accepted an honorary chiefy from the Sue Indians toid ceremonial marman their South Dakota reservation [Music] Keith leading Eagle was but mildly [Music] amute everybody was having a happy time the automobile industry for for example was booming the cars themselves had certain features of a utilitarian order such as running boards driver visibility and fresh air the prices were right too the fli was a thing of beauty and when Henry Ford turned out his 15 millionth car we knew the automobile age had really arrived the earliest Autos had become Museum pieces and Henry Ford father of the American assembly line technique sat proudly in his own first car which he had made by hand production in industry was steadily increasing and with it came a steady rise in national income and in international [Music] trade under the guidance of Charles Daws and Owen D young considerable efforts were made to help solve such naughty problems as Europe's War Debs and reparations claims during such prosperous times everyone thought of Peace the Kellog Bon P negotiated to Outlaw War as an instrument of national policy seemed to many to make perfect sense in those days if kulich was not wildly enthusiastic it was probably because he realized that if the PCT had been a good gesture politically it was also autal one good political moves like the negotiation of the PCT were not to be lightly regarded at that time presidential campaign of 1928 had been a tough one the Democrats had convened at Houston Texas and Al Smith was their choice for president he was nominated by Franklin Rose Roosevelt who loaded him as the happy [Music] warrior Al Smith was a fighter and a man of character but the odds against him were too great the Republicans had nominated Herbert Hoover and Hoover was just what the country seemed to need an engineer honest and competent who knew Commerce and Industry that's what the people want wanted and on Election night in Time Square the crowds waited excitedly for the results to come in the teers were for four more years of Prosperity with the unbeatable Republican ticket Hoover and Curtis now it became Hoover's turn to ride up to the capital to take the oath of [Music] office [Music] [Music] it seemed to most Americans as if the years of prosperity would go on forever and the crowd before the capital was in a holiday mood as the ceremony got underway then the rain began to fall but the spectators listened on quietly to Hoover's inaugural address another sort of storm was gathering that day but it still hadn't broken when the cooles pulled out of Washington headed for retirement Americans with a bank roll could make summer last the year round Arthur Hammerstein wined in pal Beach so did Mrs George M Kohan Mrs Sam Harris Irene Castle famed as a dancer add its [Music] glamour cling Feld with his wife Billy Burke and his daughter Patricia went in for the nautical life most of Broadway showed up in Florida at one time or [Music] other Helen Morgan was one of the standby she was a star of showbook the girls and the men too got a kick out of the fashion parade and the dresses were well they look fine [Music] then [Music] you could always count on finding his honor Jimmy Walker mayor of New York in the middle of things Jimmy was always Dapper and Lively with the smile of for all comers [Music] the Florida press agent ideas got wackier and [Music] wackier but Florida had no patent on wackiness you could rip up a char contest anywhere in the [Music] [Music] country it was a Broadway that the night life was really jumping there were plenty of customers the butter and eggmen with bank rolls they were steaming to get rid of you could always make more make it in the market spend it in the name band [Music] Plus heart may be ahead and empty cover across the a littley morning a little night [Music] the speak e did a land Office business Texas Gyan with her gal kep customers Roy is really the sugar coating on the cake of trouble and many a sucker has cut himself to Big A Piece of Cake you're a f [Music] [Music] somehow it didn't last [Music] forever the time came when the ticker tape in the broker's office told a new story it was Panic 16 and5 million shares of stock sold in a single day sold hopelessly desperately at any price was the Forerunner of depression and [Music] crisis so ended the golden play time of the 20s but beneath the frost it was a decade of great achievements in many fields of work in science in industry in education no one was wise enough to turn the peace and prosperity of that decade into permanent peace and prosperity but the nation had lived for a few brief years in a new kind of world where there was happiness and peace and if that brief world ended rudely and abruptly there was still left in its pattern the hope of an America of abundance and fun of peace and accomplishment to be created again in other golden days still to [Music] come [Music] oh