Project Apollo - Manned Flight To The Moon (1963)

Pelican Apollo back up [Music] a the time is 9:34 a.m. May 5th 1961 Cape Canaveral Florida high above a top this Redstone Rocket Alan Shepard Waits 5 4 3 2 1 Zer lift off all right lift off and the clock is started yes the clock had started not only on this nation's first Mann flight into space but it had started on a new age in man space exploration within 3 weeks President Kennedy had charted our course the landing of men on the moon before the end of the decade [Music] [Music] this is the moon Man's first stop on his way to explore our solar system to get there and return successfully before 1970 is the primary objective of NASA's project Apollo a project that represents the greatest most intricate mobilization of government Science and Industry ever attempted outside of War an immense scientific program in which the United States will invest some2 billion before it is [Music] achieved but before men ever stand on the moon many technical hurdles must be [Music] overcome the steps remaining parallel the steps undertaking the development of AV project Mercury put us through the Kittyhawk stage in space our second step project giny the giny spacecraft has 50% more working area inside than the Mercury spacecraft has the schedule flights to begin in 1964 this modified Titan 2 with a Thrust of 430,000 lb will hurl two men into orbit for periods of a week maybe [Music] longer using propulsion units they will rendevu [Music] dock this experience is an essential step toward project Apollo and the moon its most urgent engineering challenge the development of a launch vehicle capable of hurtling some 45 tons of men and material to app Point 250,000 M away more powerful than anything produced in the United States or Russia to date during the Apollo program NASA will use three different launch Vehicles Saturn 1 Saturn 1B and Saturn 5 Saturn 1 is a two-stage launch vehicle its first stage has a total thrust of 1.2 million pound Saturn 1B is also a two-stage vehicle however its upper stage contains more than twice the power of the Saturn 1 second stage the Saturn 5 is a three-stage vehicle it has a booster thrust of 72 million PB enough power to put 80 Mercury capsules in orbit or to send the equivalent weight of two Freight cars to the moon the Apollo spacecraft consists of three modules The Command Module is the basic unit of the spacecraft it carries three astronauts houses the life support system guidance system and the navigation and communication system the service module carries a propulsion engine for Trans lunar flight the lunar Excursion module is the only portion of the spacecraft that will land on the moon each phase of project Apollo is keyed to one of the three launch Vehicles during the first phase of the project the command on service modules will be launched into Earth orbit these flights begin in calendar year 1965 [Music] in the second phase of the project the lunar Excursion module will be added to the spacecraft in orbit the astronauts will detach the lunar Excursion module and will rendevu and dock with [Music] it in phase three of the project NASA will use a New Concept for assembling the pattern 5 in a vertical position assembly will take place in a building over 50 stories high here Apollo and Saturn 5 will be assembled a crawler transporter carries the space vehicle and its launch umbilical Tower to the [Music] Launchpad when all of the preparations have been completed the final objective the Journey To The Moon will be attempted here's what will [Music] happen 2 and 1/2 minutes after liftoff the second stage ignites immediately after this the launch Escape system is jettisoned 6 minutes later the second stage burns out now the third stage places the spacecraft in an earth parking orbit once this is accomplished the third stage shuts down at this position in the Earth orbit the third stage engine re ignites propelling the spacecraft into a lunar trajectory reaching escape velocity fairings are jettisoned the astronauts reposition the command and service modules with the lunar Excursion module on Route the crew will have many tasks to perform if midcourse Corrections are necessary they will fire the service engine putting their spacecraft on the proper trajectory their Journey To The Moon will take 3 days the astronauts will use the propulsion system in the service module to slow down to lunar capture speed they will enter a circular orbit approximately 100 nautical miles above the moon's surface sometime later two of the men will crawl in to the lunar Excursion module known as the LM when all is ready they will detach the LM from the command and service modules the command and service modules remain in lunar orbit now they make their approach positioning their craft in the proper Landing attitude first they will will make a reconnaissance [Music] pass if all looks well they will start their actual landing approach the rate of descent and flight path will be carefully controlled before either of them sets foot on the moon the LM will be prepared for relaunching their pre-launch checkoff list will be monitored by the third astronaut left in lunar [Music] orbit on the moon the two astronauts will photograph and Sample the lunar [Music] surface apparatus will be left behind to transmit scientific data back to the Earth all told the astronauts will explore the moon for about one [Music] day when the time comes to leave they will fire the liftoff engine leaving the base of the module and all unnecessary equipment behind their launch must be timed to permit rendevu with the Command [Music] Module docking the two explorers return to the Command Module once inside they will detach the L leaving it in lunar orbit when everything checks out the astronauts will fire the service module for the return trip to Earth before entering the Earth's atmosphere the astronauts jet Us in the service module and prepare the Command Module for re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere parachutes will now gently lower the Command Module getting men to the moon will take time it will happen in this decade establishing our preeminence in space exploration the clock has already started [Music]