Portugal, 1960s

the hardly believable performance in the bull rain the picturesque fisherman of nazare ways of life and work of play and worship these are among the interesting things you see in this corner of Europe things that make the little country of Portugal so fascinating a land for visitors who come here from Europe and from overseas welome to the world of [Music] [Applause] translin whenever you travel wherever you go welcome to the world world of Transworld Airlines this is a wonderful world of Comforts and Innovations for every guest who travels with tww to our cabin attendance you are a very special person on our aircraft the very latest in stereo equipment is available for your listening pleasure there is even a printed program from which you may make your selection then comes cocktail time with hot and cold or derves offered with the compliments of your host airline to you and your fellow [Music] passengers for those who prefer the Comforts of tw's economy Services you may select your favorite cocktail or beverage served from the cart at a reasonable [Music] charge before you know it it's dinner time a service in which tww excels in the international Royal Ambassador first class section the roast is served piping hot from the cart or you may select any of several other Entre cooked to your special order here is food and wine service designed to meet the approval of the most exacting Gourmet here is food and wine service that makes you feel that you are truly a royal Ambassador in the economy section the food is just as hot and just as tasty and served with just as much care and concern and here too there is offered your choice of Beverage or for a small charge wine served from the cart by now your Star Stream jet has carried you in quiet Comfort hundreds of miles toward your destination after dinner you are welcome to another world of Transworld Airlines the world of Motion Pictures a unique feature that tww pioneered for offering to the traveling public on most flights films are shown in both economy and in the first class sections at a nominal charge all you have to do to attend tw's Star Stream theater is to put on your personal set of headphones for which there is a small fee adjust the sound to the level of your liking and sit back and enjoy yourself as you race motionless above the clouds at almost 600 [Applause] mph welcome to the ultimate in travel enjoyment welcome to the world of transor Airline [Music] this is our welcome to one of the most inviting countries of Europe Portugal the Salazar Bridge spans the Tas River and as we approach Lisbon we are prepared to find a clean and most attractive City Lisbon political commercial and cultur Al center of the nation because Portugal was neutral during the second world war Lisbon became Europe's Crossroads of Espionage today the aura of international Intrigue is gone and Lisbon is a light-hearted wideopen city before proceeding to the Heart of the City a look first at one of Europe's most modern air terminals here is where you arrive at the end of your Transit Atlantic flight or from Europe for that matter and the rest of the world all right we're back to Lisbon these days virtually a new city risen From the Ashes of an old city destroyed by earthquake in 1755 subsequently rebuilt thereby making present day Lisbon a fascinating mixture of sophisticated contemporary and colorful provincial not only in architecture but in the spirit of its people and their way of life here's a good index to what we mean the Portuguese Love of flowers a national characteristic you're going to meet from start to finish on your visit to Portugal the statue is of King Pedro IV and this space ious Plaza once a public execution ground is officially named Rosio square but it was nicknamed rolling motion Square by British Sailors on leave intrigued by this Mosaic design an optical illusion of the undulating movement of ocean waves this impressive building represents the cultural side of Lisbon the National Theater home of stage plays classical and modern comedy and drama transportation in Lisbon no problem always plentiful another of Lisbon's popular downtown areas a result by the way of City Planning rest adori Square it leads into the Sha of Lisbon a magnificent prominade 300 ft wide known as aan deadi from there to still another of the city's broad Vistas this one named in honor of the man who planned this new city back in 1755 the Marquez de pombal in those days Portugal was a monarchy now as Manifest by this Assembly Building Portugal is officially a corporated Republic its administrative power centered in the hands of the Prime [Music] Minister [Music] now for the highlight of Lisbon's modern reconstruction the prasa doio one of the great public squares of Europe its less formal name is Blackhorse Square after this equestrian statue of King Joseph the first whose Reign was dominated by his prime minister the Marquez dep pomal of reconstruction [Music] Fame let is built on some rather steep hills this Municipal elevator built by Gustaf Eiffel who also built the famous Eiffel Tower in Paris takes you from the lower to the upper level of the [Music] city for a close look at an aspect of lesban life most visitors never see we have ventured into the work aay sector of the city its produce market this is early Sunday morning to study these faces is to review the many crosscurrents of historical conquest and settlement going back two and 3,000 years in these features are etched The Phoenician and selt Greek and Roman Moore and Iberian today's hardworking but proud [Music] Portuguese Portugal is basically a Catholic country the Portuguese are comfortable enough in their Catholic faith devout and respectful Sunday is only one day of the week when they display their [Music] religion on the outskirts of Lisbon is the site of three memorials to Portugal's golden age of discovery first the monastery of geronimos built to commemorate the discovery of a sea rout to India Then This Magnificent Memorial to Prince Henry the Navigator whose school of navigation an Ardent support of Portuguese Mariners made Portugal the outstanding seafaring nation of the 15th century and then the Tower of BM built in 1521 to honor the great Portuguese explorers whose epic voyages to Africa Asia and South America made Portugal the greatest Empire of the early 16th [Music] century we've left history behind and come to isil a summer Resort town where the present Reigns Supreme the beach at isil can be called the Portuguese Riviera dedicated to the those who want to swim or just get a suntan also to see and be seen along this sunny strip of subtropical Coastline residents of Lisbon and tourists like us here to share in the pleasures of [Music] Portugal high on the list of such Pleasures is our visit to nazer a summer Resort and of much more interest to us a fishing Village one of the most picturesque in all the world mostly because of the men and women who live and work here nazer has no available Harbor so it takes muscle men and oxen to launch fishing boats into the sea and then drag them out across the Sands the day work done the huge Nets are hauled up the beach for drying and repair the meticulous care they lavish on their Nets tells is the story of men of the sea who have followed their trade down through the centuries look at these faces here in the north less of the moish strain more of the Celtic Iberian notice the long wool caps they wear the hanging enfold serves as an extra Pocket in which they carry cigarettes and other personal impedimenta here's another facet of the fishing industry in Portugal a few miles down the coastline from Lisbon a place called cimbra like nazer in the North it's a mixture during the summer season of vacationists at leisure and fishermen at work we happened along at a propitious time that is if you were interested in Portuguese folkways or if fish happens to be one of your favorite foods or both everybody has eaten sardines from Portugal but as you inspect this rather formidable display of denisons of the deep fresh from offshore Portuguese Waters you realize that sardines are by no means the only catch on a commercial note fishing is a major industry much or most of the catch marked for export fresh Frozen and canned but a good share is for home consumption fish being an important part of the daily Portuguese [Music] diet Market Day in the small town is a traveler's opportunity to see and hear the earthiness of Portuguese peasant life Farmers travel into town by Donkey Ox cart or bus with their foul dairy products and produce put on display and sold at the highest possible price then the town's people here to shop for the family food buying at the lowest possible price and flowers of course flowers not only on sale in Portugal but along the highways you travel flowers flowers flowers everywhere you go [Music] and here and there throughout the country this no particular holiday or Festival only the friendliness of the Portuguese in this case these boys and girls not only willing but eager to get into their costumes and do this folk ballet for our special benefit and so please your full and undivided attention as our return to their courtesy and Hospitality to us [Music] back to an interesting part of the portrait of Portugal agriculture more and more scenes like this farming in the modern mode the work of cultivation and harvest mechanically powered on some Farms work is still done by hand horse and oxen power a contrast in progress between old and modern [Music] Portugal here is one of the most fascinating sites in the entire country and yet there are some the ultra modern-minded who want these quaint windmills eliminated it insults our Portuguese landscape they say fortunately the vast majority of Portuguese and all foreigners who travel here disagree thus the windmills remain one of the glories of the Portuguese Countryside the clay pots to whistle in the wind telling the farmers far away in the fields that the wings are turning the windmill is doing its work of grinding the [Applause] grain we have come to the south of Portugal in the midst of a great cork tree Forest cork is actually the dead outer bark of the cork oak tree and is removed every 9 or 10 years without killing the tree production like this goes on until the tree is about 150 years old stripping or if you will pardon the expression disrobing the cork tree leaves it a pinkish color don't worry about what may look like a staggering load for a woman to carry and on her head of all places remember this is cork very light in weight four times lighter than water with more than half of its bulk air [Music] cork as an export is very important to Portugal so here is an impressive statistic more than a million and a half acres of cork tree forests produce more than 150,000 tons and since cork is so light in weight you can imagine how big that must be in size its uses many and diversified the next cork you pull out of a bottle probably came from here the insulation of your roof or refrigerator the soundproofing of your home or office cork from Portugal so light so resilient important to Portugal important to the world this Castle was the birthplace of Portugal as a free nation in the person of Alonso enriz in the 12th century he liberated Portugal from Spain and with the help of English Crusaders drove the Moors out of Lisbon then became the first king of independent [Music] Portugal the city of Kimbra has two main claims to fame its University founded in the year 1290 and its most famous contemporary alumnus and later professor of Economics Dr Antonio de Salazar [Music] these young people are a cross-section of the University student body Within These Walls is the best of Portugal or of Any Nation higher education the pathway to human attainment in the Art and Science of modern living young Portugal the potential that is Portugal's [Music] future during the season of combined festival and holy pilgrimage devout worshippers Mount this double staircase to the shrine above many of them on hands and knees it is the famous Cathedral of bom Jesus in Braga built in the early 12th [Music] century just as celebrated is the monastery of Our Lady of Victory in the town of battalia built to commemorate Portuguese victory over Spain in 1385 thus ensuring its National [Music] Independence a time of holy oance in the village of Fatima named for a Moorish princess but this is the site each year from May to October of a great Christian pilgrimage to what is now the shrine of Our Lady of Fatima it all started on the 13th of May in the year 1917 when three Portuguese children tending sheep said they had seen a Heavenly figure in a blaze of pure white light she spoke to them as Santa Maria the Virgin Mary she told them to return five times always on the 13th of the month and she appeared before them each time a modern Miracle so recognized by the Catholic Church thus has Fatima become one of the most famous shrines of Christendom pilgrimages each year buy hundreds of thousands not from Portugal alone but from all of Europe and from across the [Music] seas look you motorists from other countries no Billboards and so it is throughout most of Portugal the prosperous city of Porto on the banks of the Duro river is so old that it claims to have been founded by Noah of biblical flood Fame be that as it may when the Romans came here some 2,000 years ago they called it pis Cali which became Portugal and the name of the entire country here is the reason for Porto's Prosperity port wine made from burgundy grapes that ripen on these hot Terrace slopes of the river Duro the original Vines were brought here 800 Years Ago by count Henry of burgundy we are lucky to arrive at Harvest Time in late September and doubly fortunate to be invited out to The Vineyards for a close-up look look at these grapes in fat juicy bunches as they are picked from the [Music] vines previously we had visited the Institute of port wine established to guarantee Port as a special product of Porto and the Duro District this is what they told us these hillsides are composed of a flaky soil rich in grape stimulating chemicals that is why our port wine cannot be matched anywhere else in the world the Harvest is carried to larus or Big Stone tanks where the crushing of the grapes and the fermentation begin it is work that takes time at the right moment the liquid is drawn into Vats a little Brandy is added to check fermentation and preserve natural sugar then after weeks of labor in the fields and inside at the tanks and Vats the workers relax there is dancing and music this rather sedate old-fashioned ballroom dancing is only the beginning a kind of relaxing preparation for what is to come later when the wine Harvest Festival really gets underway that's one of the best times of year to visit Porto home of one of the world's greatest wines that's when you'll have the time of your life around here including your generous share of the port wine itself star of the happy [Music] [Applause] occasion no country has more and livelier raras and thas that is folk festivals than Portugal the Portuguese Festival no matter what the occasion is a time when everybody feels gay and looks his or her best when native costumes ancient and modern are worn and proudly put on display as witness these Campos or Portuguese Cowboys in all their colorful Elegance we have saved this raria for last a kind of climax to our journey to Portugal and you'll soon see one it takes place in Villa franka just north of Lisbon and is called Keta and cadoo which means bull fight [Music] [Applause] Festival it's the kind of bull fight you won't believe you've got to see it and even then you'll probably doubt your own eyes it starts in the streets of VF franka called the running of the bulls what goes on in these streets and it has hardly begun so far is only a preliminary to what is to happen [Applause] later has this bull broken loose not at all he has been let loose to provide support for the young men of the Town who would show their courage in confrontation with the [Applause] bulls if you think this is a town gone mad you're wrong they call this fun even this running Cavalier he's having the time of his life until this amateur Torero comes to his [Music] [Applause] rescue these are all amateurs having their Brave moments before the professionals take over [Applause] later here's where it happens at the prasa D Toros bull fighting in Earnest but Portuguese style it starts with all the impressive sights and sounds of the bull fight spectacles you may have seen in Madrid or Seville or Mexico City but here in V franka even more so it's almost like a theatrical performance before the real fireworks begin Full of Grace Beauty and dignity then they're off the same ring the same Bulls we saw before but not the same boys and men we saw in the streets this is bull fighting Portuguese style which means you may be glad to know that the bull is never [Applause] killed as for the bull fighters in the ring don't worry about them they wear padding and for good measure the Bulls horns are paded [Applause] too the crowd applauds both impartially sometimes the bull sometimes those who fight the bull to the Portuguese it's a bull fight to us it's more like the Mark Brothers at the [Applause] circus a freefor all assault then a huddle the bull in the middle as they swarm all over [Applause] him then this the final indignity but better than being killed our curtain comes down on a note of good-natured laughter this is our hilarious salute to the pleasures of the most attractive country [Applause] Portugal and Up Up and Away way up way d