MEET COMRADE STUDENT

but in a Soviet Society manual labor is presumed to be Romance of the highest order and the children of school six are taught to work with their hands in the Soviet neither conscience nor public opinion permit anyone to be idle this manual labor is intended to inculcate a sense of the dignity and the excitement of work the children learn a sort of rugged collectivism for the building of the Communist Society they are taught that every citizen has a responsibility to care for public property po technical training is required for 12 out of 36 school hours a week highly skilled instructors come from nearby factories Soviet education seems to be veing sharply away from the traditional European academics kushev himself has said that too many children encouraged by their parents have come to scorn manual labor more and more boys and girls are graduating from high school but universities have no room for all of them what the state needs is more skilled blue color workers therefore every student must be trained for a job in case he fails to qualify for a university all students are required to take technical drawing if these students are not admitted to a university then they may work as Junior editors in the foreign Publishing House near the school or in the nearby metal plant but at school 6 for some children the road to higher education will end abruptly after the eth grade the failures will be left behind the only paths open to them will be work or technical education we are in a technical school where we uh prepared the workers four electrical factories uh today we are study the electronic cubes like your uh television said Abram Glo is an electrical engineer a graduate of an Institute he's been teaching for 20 years technical school 13 is a 2-year School attached to a nearby Dynamo plant the students will actually train at the plant in their second year after graduation they will go to work in that plant their academic cupboard is quite bare some math a bit of physics modern history of the USSR and for the remainder physical culture and drafting the main purpose of these technical schools is to train a skilled labor force the incentive to students is money those who receive good marks earn stiens as much as $45 a month during during their second year when they work at the Dynamo plant this is an attractive wage for Soviet youth even if it is considerably less than what the state pays its adult workers there are 450 boys and 25 girls in the school half the students go to evening classes to continue their general education many take correspondence courses if they do well they can take examinations for higher Technical Training even the universities Cosmonaut Gagarin came from such a school the heroes in technical schools are outstanding student workers and graduates who have achieved success on the job knowledge is mass-produced in Soviet schools but what are the children as human beings in the educational race what of their individual talents and interests after school in the Soviet education does not end with the final school bell the state also controls the extracurricular activities and participation by all students is compulsory in school 6 each student is required to join at least two clubs the activities have varied lessons are free special teachers are professionals [Music] [Music] spe [Music] oh CL my arm [Music] [Applause] [Music] sing your oh [Music] my evening parties are coming at school 6 where else could the older boys and girls meet to De deeper relationships [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] but not all extracurricular activities are in school for the younger children who are pioneers the Communist Party provides lavish facilities there are 17 Pioneer palaces in Moscow alone most Soviet children are eager to join the young Pioneer organization not all of them have the school grades required if they show any signs of laziness they are dropped step by step the young Pioneers are trained for the senior communist youth organizations they're taught the Pioneer laws that a Pioneer is not afraid of difficulties that a keeps fit by exercising and the Communist Party provides touches of [Music] luxury a Pioneer is supposed to be skilled in sports he is told that he's living in a new era of Springtime and happy childhood the Dome of the observatory is made of tin but the Zeiss refractor telescope has a magnif 5 and a motor driven asthma the Superior instruction provided in the Pioneer palaces is also free the chief of the plane model lab is an engineer designer at The muscal Institute of Aviation for young imaginations model planes are but a Prelude to spacecraft beyond the street in Moscow looms the moon for more reflective Minds there are stamps of gagaran and far away countries which connect communism with the whole world a Pioneer is supposed to protect animals birds and Greenery he should know about the nation's 20year plan for agriculture he should be able to identify flowers and strange plants a Pioneer should live for art and in art one should be able to see and understand the beautiful so said the great stanislavski he's at the Pioneer palaces 4 days a week drilling his special drama [Music] Brigade [Music] foree [Music] for foreign spee [Music] wish [Music] this ballet mistress was a former ballerina in the baloy ballet Soviet authorities say that retired baloy dancers frequently become teachers her truly gifted pupils may go on to professional careers the rest learn just for the fun of it [Music] political education is also extracurricular in another room of the pioneer Palace the youngsters learn what lenine told the Soviet youth to do the Pioneer should know the Revolutionary songs he should be aware of life in other communist countries we shall make our forces three times as strong says the Pioneer our way is great and direct we shall build communism we shall live in communism every child who joins takes the Pioneer oath to live to studyed to fight as the great lenning world on the palace walls are pictures of pioneers who have honored their oath with their lives members of the young Gods Heroes of the Soviet Union who died fighting the Germans this dedication is a keystone of Soviet communist teaching uh one may talk a lot about uh the love for the country but it can be displayed only in such moments um as during the for instance when one risked just risk his life for the sake of the motherland and so Alexander matov uh who was a real um hero he rushed forward and flung himself upon the opening of the uh through which a machine gun was shooting and this decision to give their lives for this for the good of the country uh was thought over this is a very well organized decision it's not just um a result of nervous shock and this activeness is necessary to struggle for the construction of Communism to struggle for this principle the technical school students also have extracurricular activities and they are also compulsory for them the trade unions maintain houses of culture to relieve the drabness of their mass production training House of culture number two is in a fine old mansion in Moscow [Music] from one room to another a dozen different activities all going on at the same time [Music] theing [Music] [Music] [Music] go [Music] the Soviets feel that the same hands that turn the lths and grinding wheels must be afforded the opportunity to strum the strings of the classical [Music] guitar a great many of the students choose to learn the traditional ballets [Music] a [Music] [Applause] the stage grows empty the dancers will be back at their laes early tomorrow morning Mr Ganan you and your father and your son represent three generations the together your lives tell us something about life and education in Russia grandfather did you fight in the revolution yes he did will he tell us what he did yeah he took went in the October Revolution and then he was a volunteer to the Red Army grandfather what was education what was going to school like in your days will you tell us about it I had some mathematics and physics but no poly Technic training I left school in the 6th grade when my father died I went to work as a messenger boy yes they do it in a better way that we had I quite agree with my father Mr Gan do you think there's a connection between the attitude of parents to such things as books and good music and how well the children learn at school yes there is a great connection in this understand literature and D help to a very great extent to our parents to educate and to bring that our children and not home if educate and bring them up but it helps to be great friends with them we go together with our children to syon and we go to the how do you feel about [Music] that I think that my father was quite FR about that the son obeys the Father the father obeys the state dinner was Casher and meat Mrs ganin before she was married was an artist in the foreign publishing house now she does not work which is unusual grandfather is retired on a pension he helps with the shopping and the cooking [Music] unless this is superior play acting this is a tightly knit family one living on a higher economic cultural level than the Soviet average but tightly knit the Communists insist that if anything they wish to strengthen the family not destroy it but there's a new Direction in Soviet education the boarding school and it is hard to see how this New Concept can do anything but weaken family ties for in the boarding school the child lives completely away from his family from Monday morning till Saturday noon in this particular School even the curriculum is oriented towards the future the children begin Chinese in the second grade woman woman [Music] the child's Guardians are his teachers hous mothers and house fathers they control his maximum development they remove him from all extraneous influences and mold him into the ideal communist citizen they condition him completely to the requirements of a collective Society there are 80 boarding schools or internets as they are called in Moscow today the Communist leaders see in them the ideal School environment for the new Soviet Man by 1965 2 and 1 12 million Soviet children will be housed in internets in 20 years they say boarding schools will completely replace primary and secondary schools so far enrollment in these boarding schools is voluntary parents pay tuition many are said to be on the waiting lists in a society where both parents generally work perhaps this is understandable besides it's cheap boarding school tuition is only 1if the cost of raising a child at home it seems that even more than before the path of Soviet man will be decided by the Communist Party his character and morality as an adult will be predetermined in childhood he will be the totally adjusted Collective individual the state will be dominant in his Consciousness the family secondary the question is can they do it if man is merely the sum of all his parts then perhaps they can but if in man there is a vital something an elusive factor x which forever escapes planners then the Communist may find their success limited family may prove to be more than a m a matter of biology would Mr and Mrs garanin be willing to hand over Nikita and aloa to substitute fathers and mothers the Russian psychologist Pavlov theorized that animals are mere creatures of stimulus and response the Communist assert that man is only a higher animal his behavior can be determined and line said let me teach the children and the seed I have Sone will never be uprooted even today in their changing school system the seed is being swn as early as possible as here in the minds of these 10year olds taking the Pioneer oath I a young Pioneer of the Soviet Union solemnly swear before my comrades to love my Soviet Fatherland ardant to live to study and to fight as the great lenine will and as the Communist Party teachers [Music] we [Music] [Music] [Music] ad night in Moscow the Moon is over the Kremlin and red square is deserted safe for the gods near Lenin's [Music] tomb surely 3 weeks with comrade student justify no more than mere Impressions Soviet children injected with the complex knowledge necessary for a complex World taught foreign languages for the international spread of their faith developed culturally trained to obey inspired to live or die for their vision of a new world order one standard curriculum Nationwide a nation's total Human Resources cultivated to the maximum 21% of the Soviet budget allocated to education is there an Achilles heel the Communists are training Specialists who are weaken the humanities there are internal stresses and strains even self-criticism by Soviet Educators but it is not their weak weaknesses it is their strengths that we are called upon to match will a rising living standard mellow the Communist Society can they achieve affluence and still keep their singleness of purpose who knows one thing we know the midnight oil burns in Moscow we the people of the Free World are the other team in the race we must find a way within the framework of our freedom fully use our human resources we must question examine think and in a democracy this is a job not just for leaders but for all of us even for lovers of Freedom lenine has three words that make much sense study study study [Music] GL [Music]