Mathematics For Primary: Division (1978)

[Music] [Music] What is this? A ball game? Yeah. What's going on here? No, this isn't a ball game. It's a mathematics film. It's about division. A mathematics film about division. What's division? Let's use some of these objects to find out about division. Uh, could the crowd quiet down and could you rowdy balls roll on out of here? Could we have the shoes walk on in? All right, we have 10 shoes here. Let's just count them to make sure none of them have walked off. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. Okay, like I said, we have 10 shoes. None of them have walked off. Now, as you can imagine, we want to put these 10 shoes into pairs. A pair is two things that go together, like a pair of shoes. Let's see how many pairs we have. Could two of you shoes walk over together? Good. Now another two. That's right. Shoes. Keep going until you're all in pairs. None left over. Wonderful. Now that all the shoes are grouped in pairs, how many pairs are there? 1 2 3 4 5. There are five pairs of shoes or five pairs of two shoes. Right? So 10 shoes grouped into pairs of two equals five pairs. Oh, another way of saying group into pairs is to say divided into groups of twos. The symbol for divided is this. Now, how's this written as a mathematical sentence? 10 / 2 equals 5. Okay, shoes. We're going to give you the boot. You can walk out now. Get at it. The boot. I said the boot. [Music] What is this? Musical chairs. Well, in a way. Actually, we're going to use these chairs and tables to do another division problem. We have 13 chairs here. And we can put a group of four chairs at each table. So, let's put the chairs in groups of four at a table and see how many tables we fill. [Music] Wow. Is that neat? There they go again. Well, now how many groups of four did we make from the 13 chairs? Three groups. Correct. 13 chairs are put into groups of four and we get three groups. Now, how would we write that as a mathematical sentence? Let's see. 13 / 4 equals 3. That's right. so far. Yeah, but what about that remaining chair? Good question. I was just getting to that. When you do division, things don't always come out even. Sometimes there's something left over. We call it the remainder and write it like this. 13 / 4 equals 3 with a remainder of 1. Okay, you furniture can go take a break. Before we knew how many were in each set and we had to find out how many sets. Now let's do some division where we know how many sets there are and then have to find out how many in each set. For instance, let's say each set is a team of balls. We want two teams and we want to find out how many balls on a team. There are 12 balls out there. Okay, you balls, group yourselves into two teams. Wow, are they great. Look at them go. Now the balls have grouped themselves into two teams or two sets. And how many are in each set? 1 2 3 4 5 6. There are six balls in the first set. and 1 2 3 4 5 6 balls in the second set. Right? There are six balls on each team or in each set. Now, how would you write that as a mathematical sentence? Let's see. We started with 12 balls divided by two equals six balls. Right? 12 / 2 equals 6. That's right. You really bounced out that answer. and I'll bounce it right back to you. And there weren't any balls left over. We could even say remainder zero. Well, it was fun playing ball with you guys. [Applause] Way to go. Okay, going. Hey, we're through with you guys [Applause] [Music] now. Now, here we have a pack or deck of 25 cards. Let's pretend we have three players. So, deal the deck out into three equal sets and find out how many cards in each set. That sure was a fast deal. Now, let's see how many cards per set. One 2 3 4 5 6 7 8. Eight cards in each hand or each set. You didn't use them all. There's one left over. Right. So, we had 25 cards and we put them in three sets of eight cards per set with one left over. So, how would we write the division sentence? Uh 25 / 3. I know. Wait. 25 / 3 = 8 with a remainder of 1. That's right. Should we try some more? Yeah. This is fun. Okay. Back into the deck. Cards. Let's say that two more people join the game and that there are five players this time. We want to deal the cards into five sets. And now what would you say about this? Well, there are one 2 3 4 5 cards in each hand or each set. And how would we write that? Let's see. 25 / 5 equals 5. Uh, remainder zero. That's terrific. Let's send the cards back and try one last game. This time we have seven players. There's seven sets and only one, two, three cards in a set. And there's one, two, three, four, four cards remaining. So the division sentence is 25 / 7 = 3, remainder 4. Well, now you've got it. That's division. You really deserve a big hand. A big hand. [Music]