LAND THE LANDING FORCE
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Year Published: 1945
Format: 16mm
Description: This U.S. Navy film presents the history of USMC Marine amphibious operations and explains the development of the Navy's amphibious doctrine as well as its use in vertical assaults. It also shows a large scale Atlantic Fleet exercise, probably conducted in Puerto Rico / Vieques. It opens with amphibious landing craft unloading from transport vessels including USS Fort Mandan (LSD-21) (:26) as well as a point of view shot from aboard a Landing Craft Infantry or LCI. A fleet of landing crafts and Naval vessels circle near a shoreline (1:07). Explosions erupt as the fleet fires in support of the landing mission (1:41). The film addresses the multiple times and locations amphibious landing missions had been used such as in Guadalcanal (1:46), in North Africa, Sicily, Iwo Jima and Okinawa (2:34) during WWII. Celebrations are seen in the streets as one pedestrian holds a newspaper with a headline reading "The War is Over" as the Japanese surrendered in 1945 (3:10). Sailors are shown returning home after the war (3:25). After WWII, amphibious landing missions were conducted during the Korean War (3:45), and during the Cuban conflict in 1962 (4:12). In 1965 marines landed in the Dominican Republic (4:20) during the Dominican Civil War. They also were utilized during the Vietnam War (4:37). The White House is pictured in Washington, DC which provides the order to land landing forces (4:57). A sign in Norfolk follows reading ‘Commander Amphibious Force US Atlantic Fleet’ (5:07) as these forces must be prepared at all times for beach invasions. Many men and equipment go into these missions and planners are seen in a briefing room (6:15). A montage of other men who partake in the actions follows including the store keeper, the signalmen (6:29), gunner’s mate, hospital corpsmen (6:32), the ship’s cooks (6:37) mechanics and engineers who service the ship while it is afloat (6:44). The boiler room of the vessel is shown (6:48) as well as a sailor navigating the ship’s course (6:54). Supplies are loaded (7:18). Close up shots show food supplies being loaded aboard ship (7:36). Vehicles (8:21) and tanks (8:26) are loaded for transport on an LCI marked ACU-2, or Assault Craft Unit 2. Various ships which serve the mission are shown including USS York County (LST-1175) (9:15), the attack cargo ship (9:20), the amphibious command ship (9:25), dock landing ship for armored vehicles (9:30), light transports for specialized missions including USS Ruchamkin (APD-89) (9:36), amphibious assault ships (9:41), amphibious transport docks (9:49) and tank landing ships including USS De Soto County (LST-1171) (9:55). Sailors prepare for their missions and bid family members goodbye (10:59). Since WWII, much of the operations are conducted in the same manner though the ships have been upgraded (11:12). Replenishment at sea (12:10). During classroom lectures, seamen learn details of the beach landing missions (12:18). Recreation aboard the vessels are depicted as images of sailors playing records (12:56), pool (13:05) and card games (13:26). At 14:12 an African American sailor salutes as he boards ship. Marines are seen boarding ship (14:25). They may spend anywhere from days to months onboard (14:45). Footage of the mess hall (15:51). The Admiral of the amphibious assault forces is seen aboard the Flagship of the Amphibious Task Force (16:08). Conferences are held to ensure cohesiveness (16:35). The Admiral is then pictured with the Marine General (16:50). Communication lines are maintained between the Flagship and the Pentagon (17:09). A Navy Douglas A-3 Skywarrior reconnaissance aircraft (17:39) takes photographs of the areas chosen for landings prior to the mission. Submarines search the shoreline prior to the landings (17:53). Underwater swimmers, Underwater Demolition Team UDTs or SEALs, seek out mines and other traps (18:01). Intelligence reports are gone over to update the assault plans (18:36). Naval long-range guns begin firing at shoreline installations (18:54). Underwater demolition team UDTs spill out from Higgins boats (19:04) to blow up any mines or barricades (19:27). A whistle is blown and the order is given to land the landing force (19:43). Armored amphibious forces are seen assembling (20:50). Marines prepare to move in (21:01). Other Marines are seen heading for helicopters which are to take them to shore (22:37). Helicopters fly overhead (23:17). The first wave hits the beach and unload (23:37). Landing crafts follow with more men (23:56). The Navy hospital Corpsmen move wounded soldiers (24:49). Helicopters continuously transport men and supplies from ship to shore (25:20). Produced by American Film Productions (27:12).
Complete Record: This U.S. Navy film presents the history of USMC Marine amphibious operations and explains the development of the Navy's amphibious doctrine as well as its use in vertical assaults. It also shows a large scale Atlantic Fleet exercise, probably conducted in Puerto Rico / Vieques. It opens with amphibious landing craft unloading from transport vessels including USS Fort Mandan (LSD-21) (:26) as well as a point of view shot from aboard a Landing Craft Infantry or LCI. A fleet of landing crafts and Naval vessels circle near a shoreline (1:07). Explosions erupt as the fleet fires in support of the landing mission (1:41). The film addresses the multiple times and locations amphibious landing missions had been used such as in Guadalcanal (1:46), in North Africa, Sicily, Iwo Jima and Okinawa (2:34) during WWII. Celebrations are seen in the streets as one pedestrian holds a newspaper with a headline reading "The War is Over" as the Japanese surrendered in 1945 (3:10). Sailors are shown returning home after the war (3:25). After WWII, amphibious landing missions were conducted during the Korean War (3:45), and during the Cuban conflict in 1962 (4:12). In 1965 marines landed in the Dominican Republic (4:20) during the Dominican Civil War. They also were utilized during the Vietnam War (4:37). The White House is pictured in Washington, DC which provides the order to land landing forces (4:57). A sign in Norfolk follows reading ‘Commander Amphibious Force US Atlantic Fleet’ (5:07) as these forces must be prepared at all times for beach invasions. Many men and equipment go into these missions and planners are seen in a briefing room (6:15). A montage of other men who partake in the actions follows including the store keeper, the signalmen (6:29), gunner’s mate, hospital corpsmen (6:32), the ship’s cooks (6:37) mechanics and engineers who service the ship while it is afloat (6:44). The boiler room of the vessel is shown (6:48) as well as a sailor navigating the ship’s course (6:54). Supplies are loaded (7:18). Close up shots show food supplies being loaded aboard ship (7:36). Vehicles (8:21) and tanks (8:26) are loaded for transport on an LCI marked ACU-2, or Assault Craft Unit 2. Various ships which serve the mission are shown including USS York County (LST-1175) (9:15), the attack cargo ship (9:20), the amphibious command ship (9:25), dock landing ship for armored vehicles (9:30), light transports for specialized missions including USS Ruchamkin (APD-89) (9:36), amphibious assault ships (9:41), amphibious transport docks (9:49) and tank landing ships including USS De Soto County (LST-1171) (9:55). Sailors prepare for their missions and bid family members goodbye (10:59). Since WWII, much of the operations are conducted in the same manner though the ships have been upgraded (11:12). Replenishment at sea (12:10). During classroom lectures, seamen learn details of the beach landing missions (12:18). Recreation aboard the vessels are depicted as images of sailors playing records (12:56), pool (13:05) and card games (13:26). At 14:12 an African American sailor salutes as he boards ship. Marines are seen boarding ship (14:25). They may spend anywhere from days to months onboard (14:45). Footage of the mess hall (15:51). The Admiral of the amphibious assault forces is seen aboard the Flagship of the Amphibious Task Force (16:08). Conferences are held to ensure cohesiveness (16:35). The Admiral is then pictured with the Marine General (16:50). Communication lines are maintained between the Flagship and the Pentagon (17:09). A Navy Douglas A-3 Skywarrior reconnaissance aircraft (17:39) takes photographs of the areas chosen for landings prior to the mission. Submarines search the shoreline prior to the landings (17:53). Underwater swimmers, Underwater Demolition Team UDTs or SEALs, seek out mines and other traps (18:01). Intelligence reports are gone over to update the assault plans (18:36). Naval long-range guns begin firing at shoreline installations (18:54). Underwater demolition team UDTs spill out from Higgins boats (19:04) to blow up any mines or barricades (19:27). A whistle is blown and the order is given to land the landing force (19:43). Armored amphibious forces are seen assembling (20:50). Marines prepare to move in (21:01). Other Marines are seen heading for helicopters which are to take them to shore (22:37). Helicopters fly overhead (23:17). The first wave hits the beach and unload (23:37). Landing crafts follow with more men (23:56). The Navy hospital Corpsmen move wounded soldiers (24:49). Helicopters continuously transport men and supplies from ship to shore (25:20). Produced by American Film Productions (27:12).
Transcription
and fibia SACEUR the grim business of a coordinated team of sailors ships and landing craft of the amphibious forces of men and equipment of the fleet Marines this team is always prepared to land the landing force [Music] [Applause] [Music] where the sea meets the land that's the battleground for the sailors and Marines of the Navy's amphibious forces their movement a well-rehearsed symphony a symphony of combat with its temple rooted in the experience of men who streamed onto other shores in other years men who made the amphibious operation a cliche of this Restless time in which we live the Marines have landed and the situation is well in hand [Music] and this was repeated time and again from Guadalcanal on across the Pacific [Music] the Navy landed Army forces in North Africa Sicily and the European continent [Music] and phileus forces landed on Iwo Jima under the shadow of Mount Suribachi [Music] the landed in the Philippines and Okinawa [Music] these were the last of the D days the final H hours these were the amphibious assaults that ended the bitter years [Applause] [Music] but the end had not yet come [Music] suddenly we were in Korea the amphibs responded when outside interference threatened Lebanon and the entire Middle East the amphibs were off Cuba in 62 [Music] and in 1965 they landed Marines in the Dominican Republic [Music] then Vietnam [Music] [Applause] [Music] the decision to land the landing force never ordinary never routine must come from the busiest yet loneliest house in all America to be ready for that decision is the continuing mission of the Navy's amphibious forces [Music] the planning alone is a commentary upon the multitude of details that must be considered the merits and the weaknesses of the enemy's defenses not just upon the beaches but England one mile or a hundred miles or a thousand miles the foreseen I bring to bear from land and sea and air against our men and ships the state of the sea and the weather the direction of the wind the tides the reefs shows rocks and Depp's awarded the waves and the width of the beaches and above all the men the Marines who will land and the sailors who will get them there and support them throughout the landing to the planners each man in the operation is important the yeoman and the bosun made the storekeeper and the signalmen the Gunner's Mate and the hospital corpsman a personnel man and the cook all the men who scrape and paint who keep a boiler steaming and the engines turning who steer the ships and keep them on course yes all the men who do all the jobs and amphibious operation demands they must be really ready to move and anything they might need they must carry with them [Music] [Applause] yes anything they might need they must carry with them [Music] [Applause] [Music] the ship's service homes and warehouses no beauties things but functional each one tailor-made for a specific role in an amphibious assault the attack transport for troops the attack cargo ship for supplies the amphibious command ship for command control the dock landing ship for armored vehicles the light transport for special missions the amphibious assault ship for troops and helicopters the amphibious transport dock for landing craft and helicopter assault the tank landing ship were landing heavy equipment on the beach on sheeps upon the waters but in spite of their evolving over the years these ships wouldn't seem strange to those men who fought aboard their predecessors of world war ii nor would life aboard them seem so different life and the amphibs isn't really different than the old days everything is still the same routine for example we still have long separations from our families and we still need a special kind of wife who can manage and carry the burdens while we're away [Music] of course some of the ships are more modern our quarters aboard are more comfortable and the gear we work with is more complex there's lots of routine stuff but any job has some of that and somehow it all adds up it all means something take teamwork for instance we don't just practice it we live it all the time [Applause] around here teamwork is a kind of confidence that the other guy knows his job as well as you know yours and for good reason we had trained a know our job notice here in their classes all the time there's a special school for every subject you can think of this of course precludes them from interfering with the ship-to-shore movement of the landing craft moving from the transport group to red Beach on the other hand in fire support area 3 the naval gunfire support ships lectures studying learning having completed the sweep every sailor today is a kind of a student and like students everywhere when classes are over they take time to relax [Music] now it may not be my style but they call it music went deeper than they look even if they play it cool don't forget that Hitler and Tojo thought the drugstore Cowboys would be pushovers [Music] yeah I know some people still think American kids are soft well they're not they shape up and when the chips are down they'll fill the bill they have every time [Music] [Applause] the real test comes when operations begin the Marines move aboard and the team is complete days afloat and nights afloat perhaps weeks or months if the mission calls for it and the men live upon the sea to work to rest to work again to be weary [Music] or lonely all these feelings come to each man sooner or later but the job is not designed to serve individual purposes this is a team and the team goes where the nation directs on the AGC the flagship of the amphibious task force the Admiral controls a flexible power of the force he has all the means to act and to act fast when ordered to do so his force is fully prepared to meet contingencies and emergencies to sustain action until the beaches are secured [Music] conferences are held to resolve the problems of communications of liaison with other forces boots and supplies of supporting arms when an operation is underway the Admiral and the Marine general are kept fully informed by their staff in flag blood they are in touch with every ship and later with every command post ashore the Admiral can talk to the Pentagon or even the White House if necessary [Music] the flagship has other communications channels to to control the planes to control the landing craft and to direct the naval gunfire support Navy reconnaissance aircraft have photographed the landing areas long before the task force sails for its objective in the final hours prior to the landing submarines probe the shoreline for low-level views underwater swimmers move inshore to search for traps the enemy may have laid all this is done with care so the enemy will never know that we were there that we are interested in this particular stretch of quiet beach as the amphibious task force approaches the final intelligence reports are used to update the assault plans [Music] naval gunfire support blasts enemy positions on the beach in preparation for the landing [Music] first in are usually the Navy's underwater demolition teams their mission is to blow up the minds and barricades which the enemies that is traps for boats in men land landing force our land landing force now I was the landing force [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] while awaiting the signal for the timed assault the armored amphibians forum assembly circles out on the transports the Marines are preparing to go in and dig the enemy out by hand as they have always done [Music] [Applause] [Music] some will go by helicopter instead of landing craft [Music] the ship-to-shore movement armored vehicles landing craft men helicopters all moving toward the beach with artillery supplies and equipment a movement precisely planned completely controlled timed to the minute the first wave to hit the beach is made up of armored amphibians carrying combat-ready troops [Music] you next come the landing craft with Mormon [Music] to provide mobile firepower tanks come ashore [Music] [Applause] Navy hospital corpsman set up posts to treat the wounded to evacuate them from the battlefield in overhead the helicopters shuttle some ship to shore carrying men and materiel to the beach and beyond the beach [Music] [Applause] [Music] as soon as the beach is fully secured the vital supply link from ship to shore is established [Music] you [Music] a successful amphibious assault is the result of careful planning meticulous preparation and precise execution [Music] in the critical areas of the world today our amphibious forces are constantly deployed ready with helicopters landing craft and Men continually proving that the mere presence of this offensive power is one of America's strongest defenses this vigilance is the price of Liberty and a piece you
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