Industry on Parade #87, #101, ???

[Music] industry on Parade a victorial review of events in business and industry produced each week by the National Association of manufactur [Music] [Applause] a vast open pit iron mine on Minnesota's massabi range the original iron ore country the fame of man-made Canyons like this one of the five mines of us Steel's Oliver iron mining company has spread throughout the world and spreading with it the products of Iron and steel made from the 50 million tons of ore that come out of these pits each year but as the massabi high-grade ores become exhausted only research and the development of extensive processing facilities keep the vital mines producing now they can beneficiate the lower grade ores treating them to remove sand and other extraneous materials and soon they'll even be processing extremely hard iron bearing Tonite Rock extracting a fine powder of iron ore then forming it into eggsize lumps that can be used in the furnaces by railroad The Ore is carried to Lake Superior in a volume great enough to make Deluth Superior the second busiest port in the nation in terms of tonnage Halls here we see the operation of the Great Northern in one of the most efficient large scale Materials Handling jobs on [Music] Earth automatic scales buried under the tracks weigh every car load as the wheels pass over the tripping mechanism the cars have all been carefully sorted according to grade physical characteristics even the amount of moisture the or contains for some distant steel mill requires a boatload of ore of exact quantity and Analysis and that's what it'll get a power-driven wrench on the truck opens the trap door that dumps 75 tons of ore into one of the bins capacity of each Bin 300 tons 300 tons into the hole with clocklike Precision the spouts are lowered in turn a 10,000 ton ship can be loaded in 4 hours and a half by Nightfall The Ore will be on its way to steel mills of Illinois Indiana Ohio or Pennsylvania when the holes are filled no time is wasted getting the boat underway the Great Northern or dos alone average 18 loadings a [Applause] day the hatches are closed and another cargo of ore is on its way to wind up ultimately in any of the thousands of forms in which steel serves the nation but even with its new techniques for extracting ore from well-worked mines the steel indry takes no chances on our being caught short of this vital mineral very actively it safeguards and extends our sources of iron by developing mines like El tofo in Chile Where betham steel uncovers Rich new ore [Music] deposits 58% pure iron and our Quest turns up equally starkl finds in Quebec and LA Venezuela Liberia and Brazil all now being tapped to benefit not only the people of those countries and ourselves but the entire free world in addition to its shipments to the states Chile under American guidance has been able to develop a steel industry of its [Music] own in the race for time with Stalin and Company steel is all import and we have no intention of coming in second Through The Years Americans have learned that machines create jobs we know that machines have shortened hours raised wages and made it possible to manufacture the things we need for our standard of living at prices that people can afford to pay machines make life easier for everyone they do the work and remove the strain they call for greater specialization that gives workers a chance to use more mind and less muscle and to develop new skills in short it makes them masters of the machine operators inspectors and [Music] supervisors here's the answer of a Cleveland company to the continuing need for well-built inexpensive housing one of the numerous lowcost structures put up by expand Homes Incorporated families by the hundred are enjoying the Deep pleasures of settling down in their own homes homes that combine the latest engineering techniques with traditional construction methods in such a way as to counter the rising costs of inflation at the expand Home Plant Western Pine and Douglas fur arrive in carload lots to be cut into the studs braces truss frames and other parts that make up up a house wall panels are covered with plywood or homoo sheathing three to five times stronger than ordinary sheathing but the most important innovation is the factory built roof truss which supports the roof just as trusses support a bridge this means all the weight is carried by the outer walls none by the interior partitions result the roof roof can be put up in record time and flooring laid an entire story at a time instead of room by room patented ring connectors give the trusses tremendous added strength all the work that can be done best and least expensively in the factory is done there with the assembly line methods that have made other products so plentiful here in America this also speeds the work at the home site once the board concrete foundation has had a chance to set and floor joists and subflooring have been installed the stage will be set for the home that comes in a package its component parts all [Music] preassembled 10 hours to pour the foundation half a day to put down the subflooring now let's see how long it takes our crew of five to finish the rest of the house here arriving all on one specially built truck along with trusses and wall panels come doors and door sashes metal casement windows already set in wood stairs shutters the [Music] works with walls pre-built there's no need for scaffolding and our fivan crew can erect the walls in 20 minutes up it goes door and all the window assembly will go into the opening quickly easily there are nine basic floor plans for expand homes and on each of these there can be six or eight additional variations once the walls are up the roof trusses and Gables are set in place ready for the roof total time elapsed since the truck arrived about an hour and a half roof sheathing takes a little longer just under 4 hours with another couple of hours for the shingle less than an hour to install Windows with some of the team finishing up the outside while the rest put the final touches on the interior of the house in no time at all comparatively speaking a home is ready for another of our millions of growing families the Cleveland plan demonstration of how even housing shortages fail to stand up against our industrial ingenuity meet a group of Kansas City Executives busy figuring out new ways of dispensing by machine every conceivable product from peanuts to toothbrushes nylons to ice cubes they're The Men Who Run the Vendo company a firm that pioneered in the manufacturer of vending devices with a coin controlled machine for the merchandising of cold bottle soft drinks now as with the dispenser of ice cream bars we see in preparation here the industry has branched out in all directions and is still finding new fields to [Music] conquer construction must be really rugged for the machines located in public places will often operate under difficult conditions 24 hours a day the bright enamel finish will be baked on so it too can withstand a lot of wear and tear the parts are brought together sub assemblies include the coin operated unit for producing one article at a time as well as the refrigeration unit for those machines that must have one quite an order for a device that's expected to be very Compact and at the same time hold as much merchandise as possible another demand made on the vendos that they require a minimum of maintenance painstaking tests of the assembled machines help ensure that they'll produce the ice cream bar or other product every time a coin is dropped in the slot meanwhile right in the same plant where vending machines are turned out other Vendo workers are busy filling important defense orders for high-reaching antenna towers for the signal core minute radar and other electronic machines as well as other projects known only to the Vendo company and Uncle Sam our cameraman is not allowed in the area to which entry is Possible only by producing the proper identification a truly remarkable achievement the way this and other American Industries have been able to keep up with a flood of War orders while satisfying the greatest demand for civilian Goods in the history of the world thus in offices stores terminals wherever people need a snack or a service there's a vending machine there to serve them thanks to reforestation and conservation there is enough Saw Timber standing today in the nation's Forest to build a six room house for every man woman and child in this country with Lumber left over this is true despite the fact that twice as much wood has been removed from America's forests as was grown when the first English settlers arrived today each new wood growth of all sizes equals 98% of the amount removed and destroyed by fire insects and disease forests of the United States can continue to fill all requirements let's face it we Americans don't keep our highways as clean as our living rooms but a big step toward counteracting the work of the litter bugs has been taken by the California division of Highways with a super vacuum cleaner that'll pick up everything short of the concrete itself a modified product of the good roads machinery company of minurva Ohio the litter collector works on the same Principle as a home type model a big fan inside creates a vacuum that sucks up cans boxes paper even gallon jugs working by hand one man stationed every couple of miles can't keep a busy highway clean but a crew equipped with the highway vacuum cleaner collects as many as 50 cubic yards of trash a day debris that was found scattered along one short stretch of road it shouldn't have been thrown there in the first place but since it was it's a good thing we have a machine to restore the beauty of the open road [Music] a industry on Parade a pictorial review of events in business and industry produced each week by the National Association of [Music] Manufacturers try to count the wheels on this fast moving stream liner even if it were standing still you'd have to spend quite a while counting all of them there's an awful lot of weight on those wheels weight that must be carried by bearings and if the bearings aren't constantly lubricated they'll burn off making sure the oil doesn't leak out so the bearings will continue to roll is the purpose of the national motor bearing company of Redwood City California the company's president Lloyd a Johnson examines blueprints for an oil seal that may eliminate the hot box a railroad man's greatest dread the thing that's caused many derailment in the lab experimental molds are made and tested an oil seal for a railroad car is an unimpressive looking instrument but it has a very impressive job keeping the lubricant around bearings and keeping dirt and water out that means an extremely tight fit yet one that holds up under friction the key lies in the material used for the ceiling flange leather formerly was used exclusively National motor bearing Engineers now Bond rubber to metal to provide a permanent buil-in gasket the Press opens and flattened inside the mold is a metal and rubber object shaped somewhat like the old straw sailor hats just one of many hundreds of parts that go into a railroad car but one that may mean the difference between one year of trouble-free service and three or even more the new development gets extensive workouts in the laboratory and under actual working conditions it's tested for its reaction to long periods of high temperatures as well as extreme cold when approved the plant tools up to produce it meanwhile The Firm produces a great many oil seals for other uses and uses a good deal of quality leather that's gone over by by experts who make sure it's just the right thickness and who mark off any imperfections the leather is then cut by other experts who hold waste to a [Music] minimum the leather discs must be molded to the proper shape a job accomplished by means of heat and pressure [Music] wherever shafts turn oil seals are required automobiles use from 7 to 14 of them even lawnmowers often use a pair they're another of those products of which the public is unaware because there's something the public rarely buys yet the painstaking research that's gone into the development of better oil seals and the methods they've been devising for producing them better and less expensively pay off for all of us in the end for if tons of lubricating oils are wasted on equipment that we use and costly repairs or even costlier breakdowns result you know who pays the bill here's one more industry that stands behind other Industries to help Supply our ever more diverse [Music] needs inflation which is has chipped away nearly half of our 100 cent Dollar in the last Dozen Years continues to plague the nation's consumers Homemakers feel the effects whenever they shop for their families businessmen feel it in Rising costs and the government sees it in the cost of Defense material the way to Halt inflation from continuing to decrease the value of our present $ 53 is to get the government to keep the federal budget balanced by cutting spending by adopting a sound tax program and by eliminating of every scent of waste low priced homes one of the most imperative demands of a rapidly expanding America it's a demand to which an Old Milwaukee Manufacturing Company the Harish fager Corporation turned its attention some years ago applying the same techniques that have made America the leader in the production of every imaginable type of goods from crayons to traveling cranes here's how houses are made by those same mass production methods if women can pound nails let them pound the parts of a house are sub assembled as in Harish Fager's diesel engine or welding machine plants by concentrating on one operation each worker becomes a past Master at his particular assignment on one of the few moving moving production lines in the Home Building business studs and joints for the side of a house are coated with a powerful glue to hold exterior panels fast the panels are set in place as the line moves along at the rate of 2 m an hour power Nails provide pressure while the glue dries bonding the wood permanently [Music] together on the inside of the frame will go fiberglass insulation adhesive is applied to hold it in place then the insulation is fitted between the [Music] studs the interior panel prec cut and coated with a vapor barrier is now applied to the inside of the frame and glued and power nailed in the same way as the exterior panel of [Music] plywood elsewhere in the Port Washington Wisconsin plant Gables and other sections of the preab houses are put together using skills and machines that are as up toate as the design after glazers and Painters have done their work the various parts of the house move toward the loading dock where everything necessary for the construction of one house will be loaded into one trailer [Music] truck an important advantage of this method of home building is the speed with which the house can be put together when the parts arrive that and the TR mendous savings possible through mass production help account for the widespread interest currently being given to pre-fabricated housing whereby the home buyer of moderate means can obtain the careful construction quality materials and painstaking workmanship usually found only in more expensive [Music] homes what's more the buyer gets to live in his new residence without waiting 6 to 18 months industry on Parade calls on a St Louis firm that's one of the biggest refrigerator manufacturers in the world do you have a husman in your home not likely for all the refrigeration equipment produced here is for stores and other commercial establishments huge power presses shears punches and drawing machines stamp cut and shap shaped metal parts for the refrigerators that have revolutionized America's food merchandising methods in a single generation this tremendous press shapes the large end panels traveling on moving chains the metal Parts get a high bake enamel finish compressors vital to any refrigeration system are mounted on their bases after which fly wheels and coils are added this is the part that puts pressure on the gas inside the system and when that gas expands it absorbs heat chilling the inside of the refrigerator so the compressor is really the heart of the equipment these compressors will be submerged in water and given other exhausted tests and trial runs before being installed in refrigerators husman credits its success in its field largely to the skill of its workers operating with the Superior Equipment obtained with capital supplied by investors insulation of course is vital to modern refrigeration though much less bulky insulating materials used today are far more effective than those used say 20 years ago the refrigerator being assembled is a twood deck self-service Dairy case from which customers can help themselves to eggs butter cheese and so on husman helped Pioneer this self-service angle just as it did in producing the first refrigerators that doubled as display cases and in introducing humidity control to keep chilled Foods fresh and tasty all major steps in Transforming Our Food Markets from the dark and sanitary places they were not so many years ago into the bright glistening well-stocked supermarkets of today in which foods from all parts of the land are laid out in far greater array than you'd find at the banquet of a middle eastern [Music] potentate in today troubled World American Freedom stands as a beacon of faith hope and courage to the millions of people on this Earth who have been forced to Forfeit their individual rights for a life of human slavery no American in his right mind would trade our way of life for one endured in Russia or any other country behind the Iron Curtain since our Inception as a free Nation millions of citizens have laid down their lives in order that America could remain free 156 million Americans have learned that the price of Liberty is Eternal vigilance on the streets of the nation's capital we're watching a rodol without horses or Cowboys it's a Roundup of teenage automobile drivers patterned after the National Truck Rodeo in which the country's top professional truck drivers compete each year sponsored by the junior Chamber of Commerce and the Liberty Mutual Insurance Company the idea behind the competitions is to help instill safe driving attitudes in young minds at the National Guard Armory young people from all over the country after their road test take a written quiz that would stop many an older driver right in his tracks They also have a workout on an automatic psycho physical testing device that rates a driver's reaction to just about any situation that might arise on the highway [Music] then back at the wheel they are asked to maneuver cars through the most intricate mazes with only inches of clearance and without putting heads out windows some don't make it the judges note every aspect of the contestant's driving technique and carefully record their ability to stop on a mark not with a screeching of tires but smoothly and quietly which means safely another test parking the car without banging up your own or somebody else's Fender one try and then the judges determine how far you are from the curb in the straight line test the car must be driven between tennis balls set out with the margin for error of of only an inch and a half it's the hope of the JC's and Liberty Mutual that by giving our young drivers a chance to prove their skill they'll call attention of other youthful motorists to the urgent need for [Music] safety industry on Parade a victorial review of events in business and industry produced each week by the National Association of Manufacturers moving into the Milwaukee plant of Grady foundaries Incorporated another magnet load of scrap just about the only material used here in the production of Steel for castings ordinary steel is made of varying percentages of raw iron mixed with scrap but stainless nitoy and other highquality Steels are made entirely of scrap alloyed of course with small amounts of certain other elements one of those elements is carbon and the amount of carbon in the Melt has important effects on the character of the steel being produced here's how skilled steelmen determine whether the carbon content is right they make a test bar in a little mold and Harden it with a quick chilling out of the mold the test bar gets another dip then is placed in a special jig to be broken into two so the newly exposed surfaces can be read as revealing to a veteran melter as the pages of a book but checks like that are only approximate when compared to the painstaking chemical analyses constantly being made at Grady analyses that allow the makeup of the metal to be rigidly [Music] controlled steel is mixed with those other elements we mentioned according to many different recipes you might call them depending on what conditions the finished product will have to face it's vitally important that specifications be followed to the letter hence the endless taking of samples each one is identified as to the heat it came from in the laboratory shavings from the bar are weighed the first of many determinations that will reveal the precise chemical and physical properties of the steel Perfection of course is a difficult if not impossible thing to achieve but the work of men like these helps America's foundaries make a closer approach to it than has ever been made before the incessant checking and measuring are followed closely by the company's founder and President William J Grady who here watches as a bar is tested with electronic heat among the physical characteristics of the steel that are determined on this device is its tensil strength how much pull it will take before parting how much it elongates the reduction of area all are carefully noted so as the metal from which samples were taken proceeds through the casting process and emerges as a giant machine part ready for cleaning and finishing the men who produced it can be more certain about its internal structure than they can of the internal structure of their own hands the casting emerges from the sand of the mold on a vibrator not a pound of iron ore went into the production of these Quality Steel castings made from scrap which many regard as useless but actually is very precious indeed if someone came up to you and offered you 52 cents for a dollar bill you'd probably look around for the nearest policeman but actually the dollar bill you're carrying today is worth only 52 cents compared to the one you carried in 1939 in the last Dozen Years inflation has robbed that dollar of 48 yes it's going to take 156 million policemen every citizen of this country to Halt inflation from robbing us any longer we can do it by increasing production by insisting that our government practice economy and put the federal budget on a pay as we go [Music] basis the Rope walk Boston Naval Shipyard a building in which our navies supplements the thousands of Supply items it receives from Private Industry with a little manufacturing of its own Manila fiber or a backa from the Philippines is cut to lengths not exceeding 6 ft then fed into the first of a series of machines that lubricate the fibers and comb them again and again into a uniform ribbon called [Music] sliver after emerging from one machine and before going into the next the sliver must be carefully paddled down so that the fibers now parallel with each other will remain that way after six successive combings several slivers are blended into [Music] one in the yarn spinning room slivers are fed endlessly into machines that twist them at a speed of 15500 Revolutions a minute into a coarse thread called rope yarn the yarn is wound on bobbins Each of which holds about 4 fths of a mile 100 bobbins are placed on a frame from which their Yarns can be fed into the next operation the twisting into strands the sliver was twisted in one direction to make the yarn now the yarn is Twisted in the opposite direction to make the strands and the strands will be twisted the way again to make the Rope this counterbalances any tendency on the part of the Rope to unwind here we see the strands three of them being Twisted into rope actually the Navy word for rope of this size is not rope but line and you might get by calling it a hoser and yet the place where it's made is called a rope walk as the strands are twisted they pass over whirling capston onto the Reel a completed 7-in Line This rope walk was found founded in the days of sale but today's Blue Jackets depend on ropes of all kinds almost as much as their predecessors for Mooring cargo handling toy for ladders Nets and a hundred other uses those veteran rope makers at the Rope walk in Boston are determined that whether it's on a boy tender or an aircraft carrier the Rope will be the best to be had industry on Parade calls on Avon products incorporated at suffer New York for a look at how a leading manufacturer of cosmetics and toiletries turns out some of its powders creams and lotions into this Abby mixer go the lanolin steric acid mineral oil and other ingredients for fluff cleansing cream ingredients like the perfume being added here have all been accurately measured out in advance formulas for each product are of course closely guarded Trade Secrets this is talc basic ingredient for face powder it must be thoroughly sifted and mixed with the extenders that give the powder its own special [Music] shade most spectacular phase of operations here at Avon is in the packaging of its products fluff cream goes into jars out automatically for example like other cosmetics and toiletries Untouched by hands in the cooling room the cream sets then the jars move along to be capped girls put the caps in place and machines finish the job now for the labels here's how those go on jars jars jars tubes bottles and boxes the plant turns out many millions of units a year only with methods like these could such production possibly be achieved this is men's After Shave lotion bottled capped and labeled in an endless stream in addition to the products we've seen the company also makes toothpaste shaving cream deodorants colog lipstick and perfume and even more comprehensive is the distribution of those products for it's the firm's boast that its Cosmetics reach every last City town and Village in the United States here comes a parade of powder boxes girls spot check them to make sure the machines are filling them with the proper amount women play an important role in this organization outside the plant as well as in inside for most of its 60,000 sales representatives are also women another amazing machine the one that inserts the round boxes in their individual [Music] containers the delicately scented substances are sold only in the home by Representatives many of whom use this as a pleasant interesting way of augmenting their family income because of modern manufacturing and distribution methods no longer does Mady need a fortune to feel like a million [Music] dollars in America more than 300,000 manufacturing companies employing close to 16 million men and women produce around $265 billion worth of goods these companies range from the one- man shop to corporations employing thousands each grew is America grew and you are responsible for their growth because you want and buy their products as your demand increases men and women in all walks of life risk their money for the purchase of new and improved Machinery the result more and better products and at lower prices that's the unparallel system that brings Americans the good things of life out of the cathedrals and churches of the land comes the music of the king of instruments the pipe organ and it was out of a plant in St Louis that many of the finest of those organs came the kilan organ company with a history dating back more than a century in this country and in Europe more than seven generations to the very invention of the pipe organ itself here music and craftsmanship artist and Artisan find a meeting ground in the various Departments of this one of the best equipped organ plants in the world the various parts casework mechanical electrical and pneumatic assemblies are put together by people who seek not just technical Excellence but that intangible thing called Art a pipe organ interior is a myriad of wires magnets and valves that control passage of air from the wind chests to the pipes and out through expression louvers that permit the utmost in tonal shading the pipes themselves are fashion from molten Metals in very special combinations that are mixed and cast in sheets like this the sheets later to be cut and formed into their proper shapes thickness of the wall of each pipe like the length of the pipe has definite bearing on the tone that pipe will produce the length of a pipe might be anywhere from 1 in to more than 30 ft as we see right [Music] here the console or key desk is an ingenious Arrangement that must allow the organist to have full control of all the facets of this complex instrument without being an acrobat when the final minute adjustments have been made and the organ preassembled then taken apart and shipped to Auditorium school or church like the St Louis Cathedral the results may be enjoyed for many decades to come by worshippers whose Praises for the almighty will be expressed in the Majestic tones of the pipe [Music] organ