INDUSTRY ON PARADE

[Music] when is abundance a problem how did a grandmother's hobby start a business what brought Fashions into factories what's the newest use for Plastics industry on Parade Peabody Award winner for public service produced on film each week by the National Association of [Music] Manufacturers at Harvest Time a bumper crop of tomatoes starts on the road to the nation's dinner tables part of our abundant food supply it's also part of a problem that's created whenever the supply of a speciic Pacific commodity exceeds the normal demand for a closer look at this problem we follow the produce to the processing plant which buys it from the farmer converts it into a variety of products for industrial and consumer use then moves it into distribution channels that's the normal course but here warehouses full to overflowing show us something has gone wrong production has overtaken sales now the scene shifts to New York where representatives of Industries directly and indirectly affected meet to find a solution at the offices of the can manufacturers Institute they plan a campaign to inform the public that tomatoes are abundant and therefore a good buy and to remind the public through creation of new recipes of the nutritional values and taste appeal to be found in tomatoes this involves a test kitchen Tomatoes by the way are simply an illustration as you see this other campaigns are in progress promoting the particular Commodities currently overabundant but the techniques are much the same involving dishes like this Tom maoni stew star of the Tomato story now the advertising agency goes to work an artist sketching the outline of a television commercial that will carry the message to Millions Across the Nation a full line of promotional material is prepared along with copies of the recipe for display near the product on grocery shelves then the campaign goes back for approval to the men and women who planned it they come from many firms from steel companies for example suppliers of tin plate like Jones and Lan which contributed advertising in the Tomato campaign there's cooperation by different firms within the food industry too by retailers and Distributors as well as can manufacturers and tomato processors even the makers of macaroni take part setting up the displays in the stores because their product is among the ingredients and the grosser cooperates by displaying these ingredients on adjacent shelves as a result The Shopper is reminded of a good buy at home the family gets a new dish and abundance is a benefit again because industry's joint effort to promote orderly marketing has helped restore the balance between supply and demand population experts tell us we'll Number 220 Millions by 1975 60 Millions more than now these new Americans will need many things and today's luxuries will be tomorrow's Necessities machine development will make this dream a reality in addition to Goods of every description Americans in 1975 will need more jobs to support and expanding population can we have wonderful and more efficient machines and jobs in increasing numbers at the same time the history of Industry says we can the practice of Industry says we will a living room in Fort Worth Texas becomes the birthplace of a new business it began when Andrea Stewart came home from school with a project that caught her grandmother's interest Mrs Augusta Stewart was intrigued by the ceramic work the girl had learned in class and together they went on with the work at home where their experiments finally led to a ceramic book [Music] rest Mrs Stewart decorated her book rest with ceramic roses and soon found it was attracting widespread admiration among her friends who asked for duplicates that's when the grandmother asked herself a question if they're so popular why not produce and sell them in quantity in search of advice on how to start such a venture Mrs Stewart took her problem and her sample to an association of Fort Worth businessmen by this time she had decided on non-breakable plastic as the most suitable material for mass production but she needed to know whether there was a firm nearby equipped for the job and interested enough to help the answer she learned was yes Mrs Stewart's next stop the local plastic molding company where her prototype was studied by the expert who would make the production mold for an improved model she had checked with an educator who told her the book rest should be adjustable and this feature was incorporated in the lightweight design soon being turned out at the [Music] factory powdered plastic is fed into hydraulic injection molding machines which produce more book rests in an hour than Mrs Stewart could make in a week easily trimmed and smoothed the parts are lightweight yet strong enough to hold unabridged dictionaries books weighing more than 30 lb a piece and the finished product is easily disassembled for packing into shipping boxes or luggage the production problem was solved and a visit to a department store shows that the determination of a grandmother soon solved the sales problem too through a national distributor broad art Industries who like the book rest well enough to market the product all across the country now in wide use the book rest offers new evidence that America still holds opportunity for anyone with Ingenuity and a useful [Music] idea a new shift reports to work at a factory a scene that's familiar yet changing rapidly as a closer look at the men in the group will reveal more and more a survey by Men's Wear magazine reports they're getting away from conventional types of working clothes shifting to colorful sports wear as a result of this trend in taste designers are turning out new collections including the clothing we see here adapting the newest casual style to the special requirements of industrial jobs let's go inside for a preview by workers at the Long Island City New York plant of wald's coonor Incorporated which has developed a special group of work clothes utilizing the fastening devices it manufactures all the garments are washable made of sturdy materials and designed to sell at low prices in a store's work clothes department all slacks in the group have creases permanently stitched in worn outside the trousers at the waist the madress shirt is trimmed short for safety as a special feature the pocket is equipped with a retractable tab for the plant's identification badge some of the Styles like this extremely highrise waistband may seem surprising in a factory scene but the designers insist each one is an accurate interpretation of workers clothing preferences they call the colar on this shirt a freedom neckline because it may be worn with the zipper closed or open with lapels turned back and this Ensemble features crisscross belt loops on slacks that are tapered in the ivy league manner because more and more women are working in Industry the theory is that the men are becoming more conscious of appearance that they're wearing to work the type of clothing they also can wear after they leave the plant taking their cue from the survey that shows the working man wants a better chance to express his individuality and to compare favorably with men in other occupations designers develop coordinated slacks shirts and jackets providing more color and more style for the highest paid best dressed workers in the [Music] world we Americans are always trying to find better ways of doing things our forefathers who pioneered and discovered New Frontiers in this country have been supplanted by the scientists and technicians in American Industries Laboratories every day every week every year someone is discovering a a new product or improving an old one which will benefit all of us each year industry spends more than $25 billion in research that creates new jobs more and better products which help all of us to continually improve our standard of [Music] living here's a plastic which when rubbed develops static electricity and amazing ability to cling just the thing for holiday decorations these Partners decided and thus a new use was developed for a material already performing a variety of industrial jobs Dow Chemical styrofoam is very light a 9-ft board weighs only a few pounds and it's easily shaped with conventional power tools being used here to produce blocks of the size needed for home ornaments one of the most striking of the many Plastics so useful today this one is made of poly styr which is processed from coal and oil then expanded to 40 times its original volume an electrically heated wire shaped in the form of a reindeer speeds the production of Christmas decorations at the Somerville Massachusetts plant of styr foric Incorporated when the shape of the wire is changed the same machine can be used to turn out snowflakes trees stars and other decorating pieces here's a closer view of the process as a piece of plastic is pushed against the heated wire the operation produces a silhouette that's several feet deep literally a reindeer stick long enough to yield dozens of ornaments with the help of just one more machine which will slice off the individual pieces a band saw is used to cut the pre-formed stick and now the decorations are ready for [Music] packaging various shapes are combined for marketing in a holiday assortment which will include a chemically treated cloth developed by the company especially to build up an extra big charge of static electricity in the plastic when rubbed on such a cloth the styrofoam will develop and store so much of this charge that it will cling almost indefinitely the idea that's based on the static electricity phenomenon once regarded as something of a production problem now opens a new market for the material it gives a place in the home to a versatile plastic long prized for its industrial uses since 1949 it is found wide application as a low temperature insulating material easily shaped to fit complicated situations now it turns out styrofoam is as helpful as a holder for solitaire as it is to Industrial firms who find it makes ideal packaging for delicate electronic components again one development creates others leading to new business and wider employment in and polishing proceed much as in the case of non-converted rice only difference is these hulls have given up the good they contain no mystery about why these people spent their time and money in developing this Boon to mankind they did it in the hope of making a profit the same motive that produces most bounds to mankind to the American Homemaker though whose family generally suffers from none of the diseases of malnutrition so common in certain other countries the real Boon is the way the processed rice Cooks she's all for serving up more vitamins and minerals but especially so when the rice that contains them is so easy to [Music] prepare a load of Mississippi Clay is dumped into the storage bins of a new plant at Meridian a few days from now it will emerge from the plant in the form of sewer pipe first it's ground to a flowerlike powder under steel-clad Wheels here at the Ws Dicky clay Manufacturing [Music] Company mixed with water the powdered Clay is formed into large diameter pipe on this hydraulic press that was steam not dust the Press exerts a a force of 600 lb per square in forming the pipe trimming off Superfluous clay and scoring the outside of the spigot all in a matter of seconds the formed pipe then moves on to a dryer in which the moisture it contains will be driven off after drying here for several days the pipes are rolled out to one of a number number of beehive kills so named because of their shape in the kill the pipe will be exposed to really high temperatures Beyond 2000° f for another 2 or 3 days the pipe must be carefully stacked so it won't change shape during the firing except of course for a predetermined amount of shrinkage now the entrance to the kill is closed off and gas burners start pouring in the [Music] heat salt is introduced into the kill to glaze the surface of the vitrifying pottery then this opening too will be sealed pipe of smaller diameters is handled in a somewhat different way although the basic process is the same from a pug mill the clay feeds into a horizontal press that extrudes pipe automatically in a continuous line of production not only does this method lower costs but the pipe turned out is stronger straighter rounder and longer and increased production made possible by machines like these actually means greater employment in the plant than there would be under some less modern method instead of going into a beehive kill the smaller pipe is sent through a long circular tunnel kill in it goes at the left and emerges on the right 50 2 hours later ready to be put in the ground meanwhile The Beehive kill has been opened and its glazed and vitrified contents too are ready for the market with our current boom in new building we need all this pipe we can get industry on Parade finds in a Seattle firm called Norco Metal Products Company a classic example of what a business organization must do to prosper and grow under our system of free competitive Enterprise founded 16 years ago by one man with just $21 Capital The Firm was grown steadily by plowing back whatever earnings were left after taxes into the plant and equipment needed to make Norco a versatile manufacturer of metal parts for the products turned out by other companies then looking about for a consumer product of its own it settled on Venetian blinds and did quite well in this fa field but the firm star really began to rise at Comet speed after it poured 3 years of research and development into an entirely new type of venetian blind after much costly trial and error it managed to break away from the field with a venetian blind that is vertical rather than horizontal along the top of each blind runs a bar from which are suspended a number of slot holders when that bar is rotated on its axis the slats will rotate on theirs now the slats are hung in place they can be taken off just as easily for cleaning although it's been found that hanging up and down as they do the dust doesn't settle on them as readily now let's see what vertical blinds look like in a house closed complet they block all light and assure complete privacy or they can be open to admit any amount of light desired finally the blinds can be drawn aside like grapes to get the full benefit of picture windows that's the end of our story but we're sure it's not the last you will hear of a little company with very big ideas along with similar factories in 20 other beet sugar producing states they form an industry that's the most efficient in the world in terms of man-hours required to produce a given quantity of sugar at the Utah and Idaho sugar companies plant in West Jordan the process begins after the beets are shredded the thin strips are treated with hot water which extracts a sweet juice containing about 12% sugar there's further treatment of the juice with a slurry of lime and water in carbonators through which carbon dioxide bubbles then in a series of filter presses like this the impurities are drained off before the Juice by now much thicker is pumped to the pan floor for further concentration by boiling under vacuum about 1 pound of powdered sugar is injected into the liquor to start the crystallization and the result is about 94% sugar at this point there are constant tests of samples by the expert sugar master who uses his knowledge to keep the juices moving from one step to another at just the right time should he make the slightest error a whole batch might be ruined by hardening in the p only when all conditions are exactly right does the sugar move to Big centrifugal drums which spin off more liquid at the rate of 1100 revolutions per minute the crystals that remain are washed with distilled water and the sugar finally moves on to revolving granulators where hot gases will dry the finished product a product which has been subjected to exacting laboratory tests all along the line to ensure strict quality control these men work with a two-in-one crop for the Beet produces not only sugar for human consumption but a variety of byproducts highly valued as livestock feed thus the industry supports two important parts of the western agricultural Community livestock feeding as well as sugar farming from mechanized Farms comes a crop modern Factory turn into a variety of sugar products that put energy into America's diet as well as America's expanding [Music] economy at an American University the scientists of the future listen to an expert leure but something is missing from the picture there are not enough of these students and there is a shortage of teachers too of men and women qualified to instruct enough additional young people to fill the gap between the number of scientifically trained graduates and the number of openings they needed to fill these are twin problems receiving increasing attention from leaders of industry and education determined to correct the situation profoundly concerned about the scientist shortage Arthur D little Incorporated at Cambridge Massachusetts has has come up with a new plan conceived by company president Raymond Stevens who explains it here to two recently graduated teachers of high school science who will participate The Firm hires both of them but one of the new employees goes to work in the local high school and the other goes to work in the Laboratories of the firm a research and consulting company this Arrangement continues for one semester after that they switch alternating back and forth over a period of 3 years in this way the plan helps the school get a science teacher needed to help fill the shortage in the classroom and Arthur D little Incorporated gets a research worker it's a program that helps boost teacher salaries while improving the caliber of instruction and qualifying teachers for part-time work in Industry by alternating this job in Industrial Research with classroom teaching Miss tahan and her first year out of college will earn more and the research job will help her become a better teacher his semester of teaching over Charles btit replaces Miss Callahan at the research company joining the large staff engaged there in solving problems for companies many of which have no research Departments of their own in turn Miss Callahan will go back to teaching this is to be her permanent career for the program primary aim is to improve the quality of the teaching of science a critical need as we move into our industrial future a successful businesswoman Gathering the raw materials from which she has built a prosperous Enterprise in the Northwoods around Frankfurt Michigan Gwen frostic sketches the beauty of the landscape she loves and reproduces it in pict form for customers who send orders to her combined shop and store from as far away as New Zealand and [Music] Venezuela in pencil Miss frostic transfers her nature sketches to lenium blocks one block for each of the colors that will be combined to form the final print the same hands which skillfully carve these outlines were crippled by polio she was a child doctors told her she would never be able even to write the business she operates today is testimony to the success of her determination to overcome the handicap each block is locked into place in the chase of a printing press the framework that will carry it into contact with the paper for each color an additional press run is required College trained in the art at graduate level Miss frostic first put her talent to work producing designs in metal When The War brought a shortage of copper she joined the tool and fixture designing staff at Willow Run later went into printing with the intention of making stationary from her lenium blocks but she soon found she was spending more time printing formal cards invitations and the like than the pictures she loves so much and that's when Miss frostic moved to Frankfurt determined to concentrate on the greeting cards and note papers that give her the medium she finds so suitable for self-expression now she makes her dreams come true spending part of each day helping fill the orders from customers around the world and devoting at least 1 hour each day to walks through the woods and dunes that line Lake Michigan Shores on these walks she looks for new material to add to the variety of scenes and subjects she likes to share with others there are so many orders now that a staff is employed to help Miss frostic ship out the products of the little [Music] plant delicate impressions of scenes she finds within walking distance of her home and Shop reproduced by a woman whose talent and determination SE to prove success often can result from mixing business with pleasure industri on Parade visits skygo farms in fton Missouri to see how a modern Dairy uses new methods and machines in the production processing and packaging of quality milk at low cost in an airconditioned milking parlor accurately measured feed is cranked out from the floor above temperature of the solution used to wash the cows in preparation for milking is controlled [Music] automatically after preparation the machines take over feeding the milk into receiving jars that hold 38 lb a piece with this spotless equipment two men can milk 50 cows an hour a long step from the drudgery of days gone by now let's follow the milk as it flows through clear glass piping directly to the processing Department here milk is heated to 135° then homogenized heated to 175° and finally cooled down to 40 for packaging a control panel includes a graph that maintains a constant record of temperatures used in pasteurizing automatically the milk is packaged in sanitary Cottons at the end of a processing line 10 years in the planning it's a complete Dairy system that includes distribution too so that owner Henry danuser can and be sure his grade a product is fresh as it reaches the consumer from the insulated cold of the loading room the cases go into delivery trucks containing four cylinder Refrigeration units in this particular operation there's no door-to-door delivery the dairy concentrates instead on distribution through local stores and a sales system based on the same principle of automatic operation featured at the plant attractive drive up vending machines make the milk available 24 hours a day 7 days a week courteously and silently handing out change when [Music] required from cow to carton the milk she buys is Untouched by outside air a modern Dairy uses techniques of industrial production and marketing to maintain premium quality while avoiding the need for a premium [Music] price