Germs You Spread - AV Geeks @HuntLibrary

cigarette or a kiss some of the symptoms are swollen glands a sore throat and a generally [Music] tired hey what's going since the microbes which cause infectious hepatitis are most common in human excrement or species you can see the importance of washing your hands after using the bathroom infectious hepatitis should not be confused with serum hepatitis which can be transmitted by using a dirty hypodermic needle come on come on come on come on a little more that's it you got it what's wrong with me i usually always be sick i'm just getting over a cold i don't feel so strong tonight what's all over your arms it's like a rash or something and i'm allergic to losing german measles or rubella is quite common among young people paul's cold is one of the few symptoms of the disease but a rash usually appears and may last about three days german measles usually aren't serious but if you have reason to suspect you've got german measles check with a doctor not only can you spread them around to your friends but if you should somehow pass the disease to a pregnant woman it could seriously affect her unborn child yeah i think you'd better go to a doctor look i'm sorry hey sheila what's wrong everything something with friend huh come on it can't be that bad let's go outside and talk today the chances are one in five that you'll get vd before you get your high school diploma no what's wrong fred you look all right to me well i've got all the symptoms well like what i've got a yellowish discharge coming out of my penis wow when i go to the bathroom it it really hurts sounds like gonorrhea you've been to a doctor yet no not yet you better go it appears as if fred does have a venereal disease called gonorrhea the only difference between venereal diseases and other communicable diseases is that they can be transmitted only by intimate sexual contact it's important to see a doctor as soon as you suspect you may have a venereal disease because it can usually be treated easily and painlessly during the early stages if the disease contracted with syphilis fred may have noticed a sore on his penis okay so what's wrong said that i should see a doctor that that i may have vd oh you're kidding how does he know well he thinks he has it and well he said that if i didn't want to go to my family doctor that i could go to the free clinic or to the public health department he says they won't necessarily tell my parents do you feel bad have you noticed anything wrong no i mean i feel fine it doesn't matter that sheila feels fine because most females don't notice any symptoms at all venereal disease can be very serious untreated gonorrhea can cause sterility and certain blood infections untreated syphilis can result in blindness heart damage insanity and even death if you have vd or think you may have come in contact with it seek help it's just plain foolish not to one way to protect against some specific diseases is by getting an immunization and immunization is the introduction into the body of a killed or inactivated substance to which the body reacts by producing antibodies these antibodies fight disease and prevent us from catching it we are then called immune doctors recommend that infants receive a series of immunizations that will protect them against diphtheria pertussis and tetanus in addition at one year of age a child should receive immunizations for polio and measles but people today often forget the lessons of past years and ignore immunizations they really are a very important part of staying healthy even if you didn't get your shots as a child it's not too late to get them now still the best defense you have against communicable disease is simply to stay healthy keep your resistance up yeah i dig i've been drinking this uh high protein drink and uh i don't eat anything that's not naturally now i'm uh i'm really into this health thing that's all well and good but staying healthy involves more than a high protein drink or eating natural food it's important that we eat well-balanced meals get a good night's sleep find some time for exercise and keep ourselves clean in other words practice sound personal hygiene you know we all have a responsibility to ourselves to take care of any illness we may have but also we have a responsibility to take care of each other and that means not spreading disease [Music] [Music] [Music] okay christina so tell me about this film why why did this film resonate with you and um what's good about it and what's has changed about the information about diseases actually very little i really like it because it's definitely very timing i do like the reminder at the beginning about history and how infectious disease and pandemias have shaped history since asian times you know right now we are in the middle of a pandemia and and so it's a very nice reminder that they really they really have shape history and they are not to go away right the other thing i really like is that the broader information about how disease transmit also it's uh you know i still probably will be explaining things very similarly so we know that we have a variety of infectious diseases that they can transmit through different pathways and so things like respiratory pathogens right that can be transmitted through a variety of pathways and so you can transmit it because you are inhalating the particles either droplets that contain the pathogen in this case of antiviruses you can uh get it because you are touching something that has uh also the pathogen so through what often we call formide so all that was really nicely uh explained and show in the party we have of course also sexually transmitted disease um that maybe it may seem like something of the past which clearly in the 70s was a huge concern but nonetheless there's still a problem for example gonorrhea that is the one that they mentioned we still have an issue particularly because now they have acquired resistance to the antibiotics that we used to treat and so we have a multi-drug resistant that exists around and it's very very difficult to treat so it really we could be doing this video right now in a lot of sense and i like also the fact that the dimension about how important immunizations and vaccines are to control those diseases and how all we have responsibilities uh to try to you know not get infected ourselves but also to protect the rest of people so i really thought it was very very timely nice so you you told me earlier that you're from spain so when you were in um the early grades in school did they how did they talk to you about illness and disease and how it spread and how to stay safe we probably will be saying for what i recall more of the same thing you know wash your hands i mean that's been around for a long time we know that hygiene anything that blocks transmission it's important and so hygiene hand hygiene is very very important but we will say the same thing right if you are sick or you feel you are sick stay home don't go you know don't go to school don't go to work just stay and quarantine yourself so a lot the point is like a lot of the knowledge about how to stop infectious disease is common sense that we have heard all our lives interesting so something that i've noticed and i'm gonna maybe you can talk more about this is you know covid a lot of people think about kovid like the flu and it said well it's just another variation on the flu it seems like every year you know we were we would have to deal with a new flu and less and less people were paying attention and being safe and getting shots and staying at home and do you feel like where we're at now is because we were so um kind of lackadaisical about um about the flu well i'm not sure if it will be about the flu but in general um and i think that's the problem uh oftentimes when we think about vaccinations right and so there is so many people that they may decide not to vaccinate themselves or don't vaccinate their own kids and i think one of the things that we don't remember is that the vaccines actually are preventing a very very very serious disease missiles that we have an excellent vaccine i mean missiles can kill and we forget because we don't see missiles because vaccines have been so effective influenza the vaccine is a little bit more complicated because the virus change more but actually if you are vaccinate for example even if you get infected you are less likely to have severe disease so really vaccines in some ways they are so successful that people forgot the things you know all the risks that comes with the infectious disease and so sometimes you see a very minor risk from vaccination but you don't see you know what is prevented and we can think about right now right with stars covered too we don't have a vaccine yet and see what where we are i mean we just the only option that we have right now is blocking transmission right wash your hands keep distance and use mask it seems so simple seems so simple very hard to do sometimes [Laughter] so um what you so you're an associate professor at the vet school do you um do classes specifically for people in the vet school or do you do classes for uh general student populations uh so we do both better students so those are within the professional curriculum but we teach also graduate students so those are you know masters and phd students interesting interesting so do you when you talk about infectious diseases is it mostly related to to animal kingdom related things or we globally we look both animal and humans and they are so intertwined basically when you think about again transmission pathways so how a pathogen goes from one host whatever is that an animal or human to another one basically we are talking about very common pathways so there is a lot of commonality and that applies the same concepts that apply right for immunization for humans that a lot also applies for animals we need to remember too that there is a lot of disease that cross from animals to humans and from humans to animals this is for example the case again of stars coming too which originally was a virus that it was in some animal reservoir that jumped into the humans so we often cannot separate those two there is a lot a lot of common things that apply to both so you know as a parallel i think about back when there was mad cow disease and there was suddenly it's like this mad cow disease we have to work on containing it uh and in some cases at certain borders in certain countries you had to like wash your shoes you had to go through these special precautions to spread this disease because it was so devastating to to cattle um i'm just interested why do you think the response for uh sars initially sars and then for what we're going stars to why do you think they they weren't so exacting with that like it seemed like there was something already in place to to keep the spread from going from country to country um sometimes it's a slow reaction or by the time i think the challenge that we often have is that by the time we recognize a disease disease has to spread out of its containment and if you think about uh i mean animals move a lot right but it's like humans move a lot and so by the time that you identify something probably there's been so many people that have traveled to that from that original area to other parts of the war within 24 hours so this is now they are just global basically whatever happens in one side of the of the war it can really appear as we are still in the other side very quickly so that um you know it happened with all the diseases how quickly we are able to identify um that first disease that first outbreaks okay so uh you had mentioned talking about immunization and that has always been a public health challenge to get um people to to get immunized and then to also immunize their children and this next film is an attempt to make it more playful and fun using puppets and sports so i think i don't have a date on this but i feel like this is late 70s maybe early 80s it's called immunization bulb and this is you know this was made by i think it was a medical association to to try to get the word out to get people not to be afraid of getting immunized so here's immunization bull [Music] hello again everyone this is howie babel speaking to you from the immunization bowl with a report on the constant struggle between man and disease this contest features some of the most fearsome and ruthless combatants this reporter has ever observed let's go down to the field now to meet some of them close up first an old-time killer who's making an alarming comeback the dreaded diphtheria ah my name is diphtheria and i can be quite near to you though you settle them here of me i can be the deputy i'll make you sick as you can be and take your breath away from you your only defense is to immunize and if you don't i'll materialize next the dangerous and mainly misunderstood mumps my name is mumps and i'll put you in the dumps i'll make you swell do you wish you could yell then i'll get you with my side effects until your body is a wreck so unless you realize that you should be immunized i'll get you cause i'm mops teeming with mumps also mainly misunderstood to form a dangerous one-two punch is measles here i'll cover you in a rash of fear with itchy red spots from toe to ear anyone can catch me do you hear all over your body i'll spread instead of playing you'll be in bed in the beginning i can easily be caught so get immunized and don't give me a thought another member of this club who was once taken lightly but has shown awesome power his measles cuts oh rubella they call me you bella head you're a german measles that puts you in bed i'm ugly small and scratchy and sore catching me as a big three-day boar i'm dangerous before you're even alive with birth defects you could arrive a vaccine will keep you safe from home if you get immunized there's no need for alarm one of the most catching members of this aggregation is the seldom thought of but extremely dangerous [Music] all day and night i'll make you so sick you'll never feel right to other children my disease can spread so get immunized and you'll never dread one of the most prevalent and gritty diseases who always seems to be around anything sharp and dirty is this sneaky disgusting tennis they call me tetanus the terrible my muscle spasms are unbearable i'll get you when you have cuts in your skin with germs from dust and dirt that's how i begin i'll make your head ache make it hard for you to fight if left untreated i'll make all your muscles tight you'll never have to get me that's for sure if you get immunized you'll have the cure the comeback kid on this squad is polio anyone who can remember what this terror was like will be sure to get his shots polio's the name and cripplings my game i was once divorced of all until the doctors gave me a fall so if you don't want to greet me see me or meet me there's only one way to be certain get immunized and you won't be heartened well there you have it a dangerous and gruesome group to be sure now here they come down to the field there goes diphtheria the mysterious and mumps just got his lungs now measles is there goes whooping cough and tetanus is on its frantic polio is still up oh but now he's great polio is only well there you have it another victory for immunization the disease gang a dangerous and gruesome group to be sure but the one thing we all have to remember as terrifying as these diseases are you won't have to face any of them if you get immunized this is how he babbles signing off from the ama immunization bowl okay we're back uh and i should say that we're using zoom in a weird way which is why you're getting an audio lag everybody out in the world um so it's not your computer it's zoom um so dr lonzis um why did you like this movie uh i mean it was my favorite one i really like because precisely it's a good reminder about how many really nasty diseases that really cause mortality and really very serious clinical disease paralysis we don't even think about it you know we make things things like missiles when if we have kids and we take them to get the vaccines but other than that you know we don't have to think about it precisely because we have effective vaccines and that's what we all not to forget about it nice so um the the fact that they made the uh the illnesses visible kind of monsters is is something that that you liked that it because normally these are invisible you can't see them and so that it made it um yeah i think it's an interesting thing and it was the american medical association um so it was it was doctors that actually you know and uh organization made for doctors that they paid for this and they felt like this was important enough to kind of get out into the world and be distributed to schools uh and maybe even television um so there's been i think i read a poll that said that if there was a covet vaccine only 30 of the people would actually take it and i don't know if that's true or not but why do you think so many people are not interested in in getting a vaccine um well i think there is two components probably if we think about the group of people that may question whether to get a vaccine i think it's quite a mix back in my opinion so i think you have the usual people that is reticent to vaccination the sort of more anti-vaccine that they just don't agree with vaccination overall and then maybe there is a different group of people i think that they are concerned whether we are pushing so quickly the whole process of uh you know the clinical uh studies and the safety of it that whether these concerns that is done basically whether the first vaccines would be the best vaccines or whether things like safety they have been assured i think there is a bit of a mix about when you think you know i don't know whether it's again what number it is but i think there is a mix of people when you think about people that may don't be concerned about taking the vaccine so in in the veterinary world if there is a disease that is out there that is epidemic among a certain animal population and a vaccine they discover a vaccine you know how does that information get distributed to farmers and and the industry the domestic animal industry like how does that how does it something like that propagate well uh what we need to think about is that uh when we think about the animal health and the animal industry it's really very um there are quite a few players making decisions and so it is much more easy to convince basically because if you have a vaccine that is you know is effective and it's preventing a disease that really has a cost for the animals i mean it's it's a very easy decision and oftentimes there is very few people who are making those decisions in any case um is it related to the fact that you know if you have sick cattle or if you have sick animals then there's a loss of money associated with that so there's like a monetary value there is a very clear monetary value of animal health and keeping animals healthy interesting i mean arguably that is also the human side we do a lot of economical analysis on on on health it's just that maybe it's not necessarily as obvious as in animals but you know when we often count mortality we always care about the lust of life and years of that person and what that really means right you know it seems like at the end of a flu season i see numbers about like how many work hours were lost or you know how much money was lost because people were out sick or because people yes yeah it seems like they could put that on remind people and say like remember last year how we lost like so many billions of dollars because you went in sick that time um you know it's kind of interesting um so let me see if there's i've kind of asked out in the in the world to see if people had questions for you uh somebody says i understand that the veterinary world has a much wider vaccine selection than for humans can you speak to that um i wouldn't necessarily say i mean if you think about it we we deal with a lot of species and each species has its own set of diseases so you know by default definitely we are looking a lot of different uh vaccines the other thing also is that um you know the process of uh coming up with a vaccine it's much more astringent on the human side that it is on the animal side where uh you know you may have a vaccine that maybe only prevents some clinical signs and that's good enough because you know at the end of the day that's saving money so there is a variety of disease that we have to build just because we are dealing with different species and within that you know we have also a little bit more lacks approval in the way of vaccines although we are getting towards more approval that is more similar to the human side now but and to this day um one thing that it was very common in the medicine if you had a farm and you had a specific problem with the pathogen you could do your own vaccine for your own farm all right so somebody has a question kind of a general veterinary science question um how can you tell if painkillers are providing relief in animals that's very generic question but i mean uh you know you're thinking about pets dogs and cats i mean they you know of course they don't come at you and complain that uh i have pain but sometimes it's very obvious right and so uh you know you can see i mean an animal can complain if you touch the area that has pain or you know if you have a dog it's very easy to say it's not itself so we do often you know we can provide some assessment of of pain too it's pretty you know it's not uh they're not gonna tell you of course but there are ways to know right i guess you know if something hurts when you touch it and then you have some sort of painkiller and it it dulls that that pain then it's obvious that the animal doesn't respond they don't move away they have no whining yeah i mean that is interesting so um earlier i was talking with you and i asked you what hobbies you had and you said cooking so does your knowledge of infectious diseases help you with cooking so like when you bake bread do you have an understanding of how yeast grows and how you can culture it and cultivate it well one thing that um probably is hard to get out of your mind is uh just remind people also that food can be a carrier for a lot of infectious disease food-borne disease so those are the ones that we acquire because we eat food that is stained with a pathogen i got a bunch of other films about that that's another whole other show and so i'm very uh you know meticulous like if i'm cutting chicken and i have a knife i'll be sure that i don't touch anything with the robe so there is a lot of hangwashing when i when i deal with raw products um that's for sure but does it help you so when you make bread do you have you cultivated do you do you have like a starter of do you make your own yeast i will stay i have tried a few times and they kind of die on me so i don't know if that's a good indication i'd rather use the commercial cheese it seems just fine that the sour started sometimes but um you know what you find sometimes it says variability right you you think you do always the same things and things turn different and oftentimes that is all these subtle changes that you didn't realize that maybe you add a little bit more water or less water or you let the juice go longer and you realize how subtle this really can affect the final product so christina i don't know if you noticed this but the covid background is slowly devouring you i don't know if you're trying to make a statement there but it's kind of happening [Laughter] so is there anything you know we have a wide variety of different people who watch uh these these screening events some are students some are adults out in the world um is there anything that you would like to to to say to them about your field uh that you were like you know what here's something i think you everybody should know that maybe they don't know i know it's a big question i would say you know infectious disease really they have shaped pathogens we understanding of pathogens keep growing and growing and so you know we think about classically we are thinking about now respiratory disease and colds but we now have understanding about pathogens that have an influence on cancer and a lot of variety of of things that you know we don't think about when we think about infectious disease and how pathogens play a role and so it's it's a never fascinating topic um that it does you know i still love learning about it and the other thing i will say please please uh we have no good understanding about how to control kobe 19 right and so from the time being we don't have vaccines we need to block transmission so wash hands keep distance use mask we all wish that we had something else but that's what it is for now and so you know we have a good understanding of the transmission of the disease so hope everybody follows parts and evidence yeah that's nice yeah and it's so easy too i mean a mask is really i mean your grandma can make one um you would think about like it's so easy to get and to wear a mask whereas making a vaccine the amount of money and time and energy and resources it takes to make a vaccine and a mask is such an easy way and you know we'll get there too with the vaccine but meanwhile that's what we have right yeah it's nice um so any other things you want to point out or talk about no i mean you know please uh vaccines works they have been amazingly effective and i say that's why i think sometimes people forget how nasty the disease that they prevent they are and so i just encourage people to you know vaccinate for flow and vaccinate for the other disease right very important and one last question and trevor you can appear you're kind of hidden somewhere um do you know who howard cosell is see howard cosell so the puppet the introductory puppet was making he was a parody of this american sports announcer howard cosell who was popular in the 70s there you go yeah so and then there's all these other voices of the puppets that were mimicking other actors and and things like that and so it's a good it's a good thing but there's all these weird american references in there pop culture references and i don't know if if you caught any of them before part of it is i think anybody that's your age even in the united states might not know who some of these people are i wasn't about to say just that too [Laughter] excellent um all right let me see i think this is great i really appreciate you being here and trevor you want to lead us out yes thank you skip and thank you professor lonzas and thank you everyone for joining us tonight um a reminder to visit av geeks.com for more info if you like the types of films we've been watching tonight uh skip in normal times does a lot of events around raleigh uh and in these abnormal times is doing a lot of events on the internet so a lot of opportunities to see more films like this uh if you're interested our next show will be next week one week from tonight uh friday october 16 6 p.m and it's called when we were green and it will kick off energy week we'll feature lindsay bachler sustainability director at nc state and we'll be watching films uh about the promise of clean energy discussing uh what may or may not have happened in the time since those films were made uh so again hope to see you there thanks for joining us and you can watch this and uh previous events like this on the library's website as this is being recorded and uh hope everybody has a good week stay safe wear that mask thanks guys have a good evening thanks you