COSMONAUTS AND ASTRONOMY, part 1

This film is produced by Tsentrnauchfilm Association by order of the USSR State Committee for Public Education, and celebrates Soviet accomplishments in planetary exploration. 00:09 opening credits 00:44 quote: “Deep philosophy is hidden in a great book - the Universe, always open to our inquisitive gaze.” Galileo Galilei 01:03 illustration of Galileo Galilei and other astronomers at a telescope observing the night sky. 01:18 The sun hangs low over the Caucasus Mountains. The Special Astrophysical Observatory, BTA-6, sits atop a hill. 01:32 Inside the dome of the observatory, a large telescope positions itself as the dome doors open. 01:35 An astronomer peers through the telescope’s eyepiece. 01:38 A series of still photos of stars, starfields, and galaxies. 01:52 Inside a complex control room, two astronomers observe monitors and spectrometers. 02:13 Screen shot of distance stars as interpreted by the spectrometers. 02:21 An astronomer studies satellite images of distant stars. 02:31 Photo of nebulas, including the Horsehead Nebula. 02:45 Animated sunbeam illuminates a valley. Animated radio waves appear from the sky and arrive at a radio telescope. 03:06 Sequence of shots showing a starfield and computer-synthesized conditional radioisotope images and electromagnetic waves. 03:26 A radio telescope station. 03:33 Animation of electromagnetic waves over a starfield. An illustration of planet Earth appears. 03:41 Animation demonstrates how radio waves penetrate Earth’s atmosphere. 03:58 Nighttime launch of a rocket. 04:22 The rocket detaches revealing a satellite. 04:28 Animation of the satellite orbiting Earth studying the planet’s magnetic field and upper atmosphere. 04:47 The November 17, 1970 launch of a rocket ship delivering Lunokhod 1, the first robotic rover. 04:55 Animation of Earth receding into black space and ascending to the moon. 05:12 Animation of Lunokhod landing on the moon. 05:22 Animation of Lunokhod transmitting signal to Earth. 05:24 Footage of the rover emerging from Lunokhod and rolling along the moon’s surface. 05:36 Animation of the return vehicles Luna 16, Luna 24 traveling through space. 05:47 TV footage of cosmonauts on the moon and various still photos of cosmonauts taking samples and measurements. 06:03 Footage of the moon rotating. 06:10 Animation of the viewer pulling away from the moon. 06:17 Footage of a distant planet photographed through a telescope. 06:24 A satellite opens its wings revealing telescopes. 06:26 Animation of the viewer pulling out from the surface of a distant planet. 06:29 A montage of Venus’ surface, images of its surface compiled from telescope photos. 06:40 The leg of a lunar rover unfolds and hits the surface, looking at detailed photos of the rocky soil and atmosphere of distant planets. 06:53 A distant planet is photographed through a telescope. 06:58 Animation of Phobos-Grunt spacecraft leaving Earth. 07:04 Animation of Phobos tumbling through space. 07:12 Animation of Phobos approaching a moon of Mars. 07:31 A diagram showing how Phobus was to analyze the composition of the atmosphere and examine the surface of the Mars moon. 07:32 Animation of Phobos gliding toward the moon. 07:48 The moon rotates in space. 07:55 Various images of Mars’ rocky surface. Animation illustrates how the surface covers with solid carbon dioxide on cold winter nights. 08:45 Animation of a futuristic space ship illustrating an international project designed to ferry people to Mars. 08:54 Animation of a space telescope traveling through space. 09:11 Images of large gas ball planets in space. 09:18 Photo of Jupiter and its gaseous atmosphere. 09:33 Images of large gas ball planets in space. 09:38 Animation of a satellite orbiting Saturn, flying through its rings and observing the planet from all angles. 09:51 Close up photo of Saturn’s flat rings. 10:04 Photos of Saturn and of Saturn’s atmosphere. 10:17 Image of Saturn and its moons. 10:28 END.