AV Geeks Lunch 7-16

hello um i'm skip alzheimer welcome to the av geeks lunchtime streaming show uh yeah so that was uh love speed and thrills um and i was i didn't see it because i had to step away to pull some films but um some of the this is like the keystone cops basically and one of the things i noticed is sometimes in inside interior shots you would see a little keystone k that would show up uh pathe also did the same thing with the little pathe logo with a little rooster and those were early versions of watermarking to defeat piracy uh essentially um there was rampant piracy back in the day um where a uh disreputable film company would just make prints of um you know known features or known short comedy shorts and retitled them and just distribute them and uh so the uh these studios like keystone and pathe and some others biographies oh the biography definitely would do this um they would sneak little things uh little tiny uh watermarks um so that they could claim in court they could say look see that's ours we put that there why would this company it's not us put our logo in the film so kind of fascinating um and you know there was a question about whether this was undercranked uh under cranking is basically when you uh when you ship when you uh are recording the film or you crank it and this is back when you were actually cranking and not using the motor you would like crank slowly so when you played it back it would play back fast uh over cranking is the opposite where you crank it really fast when you're shooting the film and then you play it back and it plays back in slow motion so those are two terms literally um in early film production it was someone who was cranking and so they would run faster earn it slower and that's also why really early cinema it's hard to tell it wasn't a standard frame rate it was sometimes dependent on whoever was operating the camera so you would have this inconsistency um so under cranking is a comedic effect um this release was released um i think by blackhawk and it was 24 frames a second um but uh and not 18 frames a second uh so i'm not sure exactly if it was intentional or not but yeah we just geeked out a little bit there congratulations um this next film is completely a different thing uh this is protection against uh radioactivity in uranium mines enjoy [Music] so so the awesome power of the nuclear explosion has been harnessed and is being used to benefit all our lives [Music] so nuclear power plants fueled with uranium are already producing electricity for millions of americans and many more of these plants will be built in the future our country is dependent upon the uranium industry and the uranium miners for a continuing adequate supply of this magic element the magic of uranium stems from its property of radioactivity it is this same property however that endangers the health of workers who mine and handle uranium therefore special precautions must be taken to protect uranium miners from exposure to excessive radioactivity that's what this film is all about [Music] the property called radioactivity means that individual atoms decay at a certain rate and emit energy in the process each decay event results in a breakdown of the original atom into an atom of a different element and is accompanied by a characteristic release of energy beginning with its change to thorium 234 each atom of uranium is transformed in steps through 13 elements before becoming a stable atom of lead one element in this uranium decay series is a gas called radon thus radon is being gradually formed in all uranium-bearing rock being a gas radon can seep into the mine air from rock surfaces and cracks exposed by mine openings normal radioactive decay of radon then continues in the mine atmosphere radium a radium b radium c and radium c prime are the elements which immediately follow radon in the decay series although decay continues beyond radium c prime to stable lead the latter changes require much more time the first four daughters of radon are believed to pose the principal threat to the health of uranium miners because they result in a relatively rapid release of alpha energy [Music] when a mixture of radon and its daughters is inhaled most of the radon atoms are exhaled before they have time to decay however many radon daughters are retained in the lungs where their decay and release of alpha particles can damage living tissue the hazard is therefore more directly related to the radon daughter concentration in the mine air than to the radon gas concentration [Music] about 1921 an early suspicion of the danger of radiation from radon and its daughters came from europe where uranium and radium were being mined in one district where radon daughter concentrations were very high and mine ventilation was poor about half of the debts among underground miners was from cancer records are not available but it is assumed that early american uranium miners had a similar exposure to radon daughters [Music] studies by the u.s public health service indicate that radon daughters can be a health hazard in the form of lung cancer when the serious nature of the hazard in american mines became known action was taken to improve ventilation the most effective known defense [Music] the standard method of measuring concentrations of airborne radioactivity is by filtering the radon daughters from a specific volume of air and counting the decay events on the filter paper with a detection device the result is converted to working levels one working level is defined as any combination of short-lived radon daughters in one liter of air that will result in the ultimate emission of approximately 130 billion electron volts of alpha energy exposures of individual workers are expressed in working level months this provides an estimate of the radon daughters inhaled during a month a minor exposed to five working levels for 200 months has received 1 000 working level months of exposure although medical findings indicate that the incidence of lung cancer among uranium miners increases greatly above 1 000 working level months there are enough recorded cases at less than 1 000 working level months to indicate that some risk also exists at lower exposures one working level for long periods of time was considered the maximum average level to which man should be exposed more recent health data has prompted some authorities to recommend that the radiation protection guide for long-term exposure be no more than four working level months per year the highest incidence of lung cancer has been observed among uranium miners who are believed to have worked in concentrations above 10 working levels for 10 or more years [Music] this incidence of cancer also appears to be related to cigarette smoking very few non-smoking uranium miners have contracted lung cancer therefore it is recommended that uranium miners do not smoke [Music] radon and its daughters are also found in other mines but usually in low concentrations they may be present in any underground excavation where minerals containing uranium or radium are present in the rock formations the first concern in the radon daughter control program should be proper mine planning to limit the contamination of mine air the less radon and daughter products allowed to enter air currents upstream from occupied mine areas the less ventilation and other measures are required the erection of seals can limit contamination from areas previously mined on the advanced seals can also prevent short-circuiting on intake air [Music] seals should be air-tight they must be built to withstand concussion from blasting and they must be made of or coated with materials that will [ __ ] the passage of radon gas urethane rigid foam asphaltic materials and certain plastic films have proven to be effective coverings or coatings for seals [Music] a reduced pressure behind seals will prevent contaminants from leaking into active areas suctioned by a surface fan exhausting from a hole drilled into the sealed area reduces the pressure even with good planning and use of seals some radon and its daughter products will enter active areas the most effective way of controlling this problem is by means of conventional ventilation [Music] for adequate control it is necessary to have fans capable of providing plenty of fresh air to all work areas proper air distribution requires advanced planning the primary or main ventilation system handles the total volume of air exchanged between the surface and underground workings auxiliary fans direct air to active mining areas such as stoves or dead ends which are not reached by primary air currents well-designed and installed mechanical ventilation systems are a necessity for radon daughter control but unless these systems overcome natural draft effects fresh air volumes may not be adequate and air reversals accompanied by a rapid buildup of radon daughters may take place the total volume of air required varies with the type of operation and the degree of contamination [Music] the primary air supply must always exceed the combined auxiliary fan capacities otherwise recirculation will occur in all but the simplest ventilation systems doors stoppings or regulators are needed to control the flow of air these components are often as vital as the fan itself doors left open for damaged and faulty stoppings make the difference between a safe atmosphere and one which can be a serious threat to help changing a regulator or opening a door can result in short-circuiting air intended for another work area auxiliary ventilation systems are an aid to the primary systems it is essential that they be correctly installed and maintained stops and headings are often impossible to ventilate without auxiliary fans the auxiliary system must pick up air from the primary system and move it into the mining areas miners ordinarily spend most of their time in face areas hence proper ventilation in such areas is vital [Music] an auxiliary fan with vent tubing is the most common way of delivering air to working faces [Music] auxiliary systems may operate in different ways both metal and plastic tubing are used each type has certain advantages and disadvantages the blowing system is common in uranium mines the application of a fan blowing air through a tube seems simple however studies of ventilation effectiveness show that auxiliary systems can be critical sources of trouble if they're not properly installed and maintained ventilation problems fall into two major categories the first is the delivery of adequate volumes of fresh air to effectively sweep radioactive contaminants from the face area [Music] the other problem is that of maintaining the quality of air discharged into the work area even a very small amount of radon daughters in the intake air greatly increases the air requirements [Music] as contamination of the air delivered approaches the maximum recommended concentrations control by ventilation becomes more and more difficult here larger tubing was required and installed to assure adequate air quantities proper fan selection is important the fan must produce sufficient pressure to overcome the maximum system resistance and to satisfy flow and volume requirements because system resistance changes with the length and diameter of the tubing the fan should be compatible with current and projected mining plants [Music] tubing type and diameter affects system resistance and the amount of leakage which occurs leakage reduces the amount of air delivered to the working place oversized tubing for example may be more easily damaged this susceptibility to damage may offset the advantage of greater airflow and lowered system resistance selection of metal or plastic duct should be based on practical considerations metal ducts are more durable however adapting them to irregularities along the mine opening may be more difficult leaks around joints are a common problem encountered when using metal ducts ends may be damaged when ducts are stored or moved and joints may leak after they are connected taping joints is one way to minimize leakage [Music] plastic tubing while flexible is more easily damaged than metal ducts [Music] unless plastic tubing is properly suspended it may kink and get out of alignment thereby increasing the resistance tubing should be hung and supported to minimize distortion messenger wires or slings can be used for this purpose sharp turns result in kinking therefore elbows should be used where sharp angle turns cannot be avoided [Music] to help protect against the health hazard from airborne silica dust air water sprays may be needed in face areas during and immediately following blasting [Music] blasting is a common cause of tubing damage when the rock is naturally dry wetting it at both face and or transfer points is necessary fly rock can be thrown many feet from the face metal and plastic ducts are often ruined in this manner tubing ends can be pulled back out of the way at blasting time if a pigtail hung from a messenger wire is provided the discharge velocity of air should be sufficient to sweep the face the maximum distance that air can be expected to travel from the end of tubing is about 25 feet tubing ends must be kept within this distance from the face and the air must be directed at the workers holding down tubing ends with rocks or tying them with wire restricts the airflow air discharge from tubing at high velocities into large stops may rapidly draw contaminated air into the moving air stream this often results in the air quickly losing its dilution capacity only a short distance from the end of the tube one way of obtaining greater dilution in the working area is by diffusing the discharged air close to the men in all directions through a section of perforated tubing however this practice restricts air flow and reduces air volume delivered by the fan therefore it is recommended only when there is an abundance of air recirculation of air within individual and between multiple auxiliary systems should be avoided when used air from one system enters the intake of another the second system will receive pre-contaminated air and may not protect the men smoke clouds can often be used to detect where recirculation is occurring whenever possible all fan inlets should be located eight to ten feet upstream from the first entrance of return air into the air course where it is impractical to prevent all recirculation the primary air current must be adequate to dilute to safe limits the recirculated air constant maintenance is an important requirement for auxiliary systems leaky or damaged sections of tubing or ducts should be repaired or replaced promptly where primary air becomes too contaminated to use for auxiliary systems the capacity of the primary system must be increased or the auxiliary fan inlets move closer to fresh air sources if an auxiliary system is operating near capacity and a further increase of air volume is needed in-line booster fans may be utilized booster fans are often the best way to increase air volume flow through tubing high pressure leakage can be minimized by proper location of booster fans [Music] auxiliary systems must be checked regularly by measuring and comparing the intake and discharge air volumes when leakage becomes excessive the condition should be remedied if the radon daughter level in the working place is not being controlled a sample taken at the fan inlet or tubing discharge end will indicate that improvement of intake air quality or quantity is needed filtration units are sometimes attached to auxiliary systems to temporarily cleanse intake air of radon daughters such units do not remove radon gas therefore daughter products may redevelop in the filtered air quickly depending upon the amount of radon present because of the radon buildup factor it is usually impractical to recycle air through filtration units [Music] air quality is necessary to adequately ventilate working areas vary with the size of opening the amount of ore exposed and the inflow of radon and its daughters from adjacent areas [Music] experience indicates that two to three thousand cubic feet of uncontaminated air per minute delivered in each production heading will usually control radon daughter concentrations to acceptable levels the quantity of air delivered should cause an air change in the working areas about every four to five minutes ventilation should be the concern of everyone who works in a mine fans and other ventilation controls are installed to ensure that an atmosphere is provided which does not endanger health misused or damaged ventilation components can result in hazardous health conditions for everyone working in the affected area fans should be operated continuously while men are underground when a fan is not running radon daughter concentrations in mine air will build up [Music] rapidly preferably fans should be operated 24 hours a day for this is not practical they should be restarted soon enough to reduce radon daughter levels to recommended values before men go underground the best way to determine the time needed to reduce this level is to take radon daughter samples at key locations after fans are started even under the best conditions there may be times when men must enter poorly ventilated areas in recognition of this problem the bureau of mines has tested and approved respirators which should be worn for protection against radon daughters where environmental control is impractical however respirators are only recommended for short-term use and not as a substitute for practical control measures also proper fitting and maintenance are a must if respirators are to fulfill their intended purpose here a split system of ventilation has been designed to course appropriate quantities of uncontaminated air into each mining section contaminated air from each section is collected in a return airway and exhausted from the mine without passing through other active mining areas we know that proper ventilation is a practical answer ventilation not only dilutes radioactive contaminants but also minimizes radon daughter in-growth potential the occupational hazard from lung cancer among uranium miners can be avoided but never before in the history of mining has there been so great a need for teamwork between management and employees to combat this problem control of this health hazard is within our grasp we can and must meet this challenge wow so i love films like that because it's such a niche industry thing and you learn terms like radon daughters um which has now since been uh retitled or renamed radon progeny uh probably for the same reason that all of you were like radon daughters why do they call them daughters so there's that also the fact that the narration was dry for the most part and so someone in the uh film production studio was like we got to punch this up with some uh library music that's really good and exciting and so uh wonderfully inappropriate upbeat music of people working in extremely hazardous situations [Music] acquiring lung cancer and other horrible things not to laugh at lung cancer but just the um the poor music choice read the room dude okay so uh i got a film here on the uh the telecity behind me and we've been having problems with it so i'm going to switch over and try to get the audio to come up so here we go this is uh al that married goose hmm [Music] do [Music] and [Music] um [Music] oh [Music] no um [Music] blue normally heading into julia so what [Music] uh [Music] [ __ ] me it foreign um hello hey [Music] hmm it is foreign [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] well a bunch of you called it um it was a national film board of canada film carolyn leaf i saw that name she was an animator did a lot of works for um national film board of canada and you know uh national film board is an amazing entity or at least it was i don't know what its status is now but um they had grant for filmmakers for animators for documentarians it was all funded from government funds and it was basically documenting canadian culture really fascinating awesome stuff we've had the united states different versions of that over the years but there's a lot of animators that cut their teeth on early national film board of canada things and i think that sometimes um there's a lot more interesting animation that comes out of canada in the united states even though some of my favorite films are american um but uh let's see uh i'm putting in the uh comments um um i'm doing a show tonight a live well virtual uh show we're showing uh with the north carolina science museum uh natural science museum we're showing uh killer shrews uh which is a wonderful horrible film that was made in the 60s about shrews um big dangerous shrews which were actually dogs with a bunch of things um cemented to them um and people being attacked by them not a horrible movie it's not a great movie but uh we're showing it nonetheless and then we'll have an expert who will talk about shrews uh scientists who will talk about small furry animals um and so i put a uh comment in the feed you basically sign up and then they'll send you a zoom link and then we do it all via zoom and um yeah it'll be fun um and it's free so there you go uh so this film next film is from a film collector friend of mine it's called life in hollywood and it's excuse to show a lot of b-list see-less d-list celebrities singing and dancing etc here it is life in hollywood as the sun rises over the plaiden mountains see for the first time beautiful panorama of the fabulous city of hollywood mecca of the motion picture industry with his myriad of homes dotted hither and yawn in the hilltops its busy thoroughfares its happy throngs of gay-hearted citizens rushing here and there and in the dancing sunbeams we notice the architectural splendor of hollywood that befits such a glamorous trophies yes even the buildings have a personality all their own has witnessed the oriental chinese theater with its pagodas and gracious figurines bedecking the contour of the structure hollywood broadcasting studios where millions of americans listen nightly to the star-studded programs that emanate from these modernistic radio emporiums and the temple of art the earl carroll theater with its famous slogan through these portals past the most beautiful girls in the world and another theater of mirth the el capitan theater with a scintillating array of stars presented by that ace comedian ken murray yes there's lots to see and do in this wonderful city of hollywood a magnet drawing thousands upon thousands of people from all walks of life to a particular cross-section of humanity an endless movement of rhythmic feat towards the center of the world [Music] right now we're skating a pretty little skater the one only genie richie [Music] uh what are you going to sing pat listen terry's here i'd like to sing one of his songs well he's written so many of those did you ever see a dream walking stay as sweet as your sweet as you are that's the one okay [Music] [Applause] [Music] you say yes stay as sweet as you are discreet as you are your divine stay as grand as you are and as you are tell me that your mind [Music] my then is i pray that you'll always stay as sweet as you are [Music] [Applause] hello marie hello billy oh you look lovely tonight especially that gown oh geez oh it's just a little thing i picked up to fill potatoes in the veggie pot no thing i picked up to peel potatoes in call me sput oh well that dress really brings out your eyes brings out yours too murray i think the people here would like to know a few things about you uh where were you born for instance well i was born in anaheim and i uh it's a place yes i understand california's all around it oh yeah he's born in a great fruit grove what we're in a grapefruit grove that explains a couple of things yeah i feel good tonight are you i mean you know you're so healthy and so full of them yeah do you think so you know you look really healthy and what will you folks do in a case like this [Music] okay [Music] [Music] [Music] yes [Music] for me [Applause] linda [Music] love is a temporary thing it doesn't last forever is a sentimental flame that brings two hearts together just when you're certain [Music] down comes the curtain your future is strictly a past [Music] [Music] well i'm just a lucky exception to prove the rule that love is a temporary day lord is a trip to paradise that much i know is cricket and you'll be careful if you're wise and get a two-way ticket yet who am i to tell you well i'm just a lucky poor exception to prove the rules that love is a temporary [Music] read all about it get your paper here hollywood party knows mark murray read all about it so uh yeah that's pretty great um a good mix of uh live performers um and so there was a whole thing with soundies and with uh snater telescriptions and other things where um filmmakers would go to a performance or go to a rehearsal and say like hey uh we'll pay you 50 bucks to film your rehearsal um and we can put it in a movie and then you'll get some publicity and so a lot of performers did that and some some of them didn't get 50 bucks some got less uh and so what ended up happening is you have these films these kind of compilation films uh that documented performers um with soundies it was actually they were sometimes playing along or most of the times playing along with a recording and lip-syncing um but some of these more low-budget things were actual live sound um and there is a film that was made in north carolina called pitch a boogie woogie and it was an african-american club owner uh who decided to film all the people that were performing on a circuit coming through and would show these performances of singers dancers uh comedians and then it was loosely knitted together with this horrible narrative of these two guys that were basically out on the town um but what that did is it captured these performances of these of some of these people that were not documented in any way with moving image or sound uh so it you know and also they were paid a pittance um and most of these filmmakers didn't really make a whole lot on these anyways but it did kind of serve this interesting um historical purpose uh so anyways thanks for tuning in today it's always great to see you guys i will be back on monday uh one o'clock and uh everybody have a good weekend if you like what you saw you can uh buy us coffee at buy me a coffee.com av geeks you can also go to avgeeks.com and see other things we have online and you know please hit like the like button subscribe button the thumbs up button you know any of those things that kind of tell the world and are um computer uh overlord algorithms that you think that we should exist uh in the future um everybody take care as always um please rewind and love each other and we will see you next week bye-bye unless actually unless you come and watch the show tonight uh at six o'clock eastern standard time um i put a link i'll put the link one more time in there uh in the comments oops that's not the right link uh there's there it is all right everybody uh take care and we will see you soon bye you