AV Geeks Lunch 2-5-2024

hello everybody I'm skip Alzheimer and welcome to the avgeeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 mimer films uh today is a pre-recorded show because I am finally getting my procedure done that um will Rectify a bike accident that I had when I was 12 and and um to not get into too much detail um it's a balloon catheter with some chemicals on it that are going to try to dissolve some Scar Tissue um and the PSA for all this is um if you buy a bike for a child do not get one that has a crossbar there's no reason for it um they do I think they do more damage than good and anyhow uh I figured since I would be under anesthesia uh today that I probably wouldn't be up for doing a uh live show but I also wanted to recreate the anesthesia experience um by showing you a bunch of films about balloons and a bunch of Clips it's it's going to be mostly clips about balloons uh that we have called from our vast collection of stock footage U I've basically hired people to go in and make clips of films that we can license for stock footage and then um keyword them and describe them and so I picked all the ones that had the word balloon in them and so there's all these weird disjointed 20 second 30 second Clips balloons and what's interesting is the the term balloon spans across all sorts of types of footage it's really fascinating um so hopefully you'll enjoy this if not we'll be back to our regular format on the next day um but um please hit like hit subscribe you can support us by buying us coffee at ko-fi.com avgeeks or patreon.com avgeeks or view the super thanks button or you can just watch um if I'm awake and up for it I might be in the comments but I don't know we'll see we're just playing it by year uh but everybody have a great Monday enjoy watching all these crazy clips about balloons thanks see you soon bye that Reuben fixed books that had all sorts of things wrong with them Reuben loved books he wanted books to live forever because they had so many good things to say Ruben I think the glue died over night and my new cover is stuck on tight Reuben I think the little book is right your glue really does a fine job better have a look at our friend in the press a brand new cover for you how do you like it love it we all love being fixed I can breathe again and people can read me again people just don't know how to take care of us folks all people we watch TV read study for promotions practice the guitar whatever we like but day or night we must always be ready for the alarm as firefighters we spend a lot of our time trying to prevent fires when we meet people in our community we show films answer questions and give out free information on fire prevention and Fire Protection the windpipe branches out into many tiny tubes which carry air in into the lungs every time we breathe we can see what happens each time we breathe by looking at this device the small balloons represent lungs this tube is similar to the wind pipe this rubber sheet is similar to the diaphragm a muscle that helps air to move in and out of the lungs when we breathe in the lungs fill with air and as we breathe out air leaves the lungs the air we breathe in contains oxygen a gas we breathe out and carbon dioxide a waste [Music] gas finally if the warm air mass is not moving and some very cold air sweeps in it will rise very fast by watching the balloon we can see that warm and cold air masses don't mix and whenever they get together something has to give some of the most important weather changes we have take place where a warm air mass meets a cold air mass are you ready George okay are you ready are you ready George bye 4 3 2 1 it almost hit Mark in the face it did Have You released your balloons in enough different ways and enough different times to always predict what is going to happen to better understand the purpose of a lunar space suit let's let our friend Andy astronaut demonstrate the hazards lunar explorers will encounter if Andy were to step out on the surface of the Moon without a space suit this is what would happen in the near vacuum of space the gases within his body would immediately [Music] expand his blood would appear to boil from the rapid expansion of gas gases coming out of solution in his bloodstream and he would soon feel the effect of this metal object is matter we can see that the metal has weight the metal also occupies space we can see that it is taking up most of the space that the water occupied all matter that has a definite shape is matter in a solid State what about the air that we breathe we can't see air is air also matter the scientist can help us find out this balloon is being filled with air grade levels there is no set pattern for its use it stands ready to fit the needs and methods of individual teachers as it is here doing in helping Miss Andrews make the teaching of color recognition appealing and effective whether the felt board holds a single Balloon Man to teach color concepts or several items to help develop reading skills through its use youngsters can learn better and such learning will be accompanied by interest and enthusiasm good it was much slower wasn't it yeah George camp and Billy are down at the bottom Nancy Clawson and I are at the top Billy has his foot under the flight line George na is a straw to theight flight line he is he is taking a balloon and to the STW I am holding line up at the T weather studies are made and though this is a daily routine somehow the whole ship senses that something is about to happen even before the news is broadcast to all of us there's a new tension and atmosphere expectancy and then we are told we have traveled more than 7,000 miles from Panama so that tomorrow August 30th 1943 we can strike the JP base at Marcus Island deep within the enemy's ring of defenses with these and many other wonderful instruments astronomers all over the world are helping us gain an understanding of our universe their findings are used to help navigate airplanes and ships to adjust the timing of great clocks to help in the forecasting of weather and especially weather Cycles to help us understand the nature of the world in which we live quickly began a series of experiments designed to overcome a basic problem how can you control the air rushing out of a balloon a simple and effective means was provided by the top of a common plastic squeeze bottle like many of of the children Deborah Barton found this useful tool in her mother's kitchen Debbie's idea helped to solve the problem of air release while at the same time her experiment added the word friction to the class vocabulary lift and watching what happens when it runs into warmer and cooler air if the temperature of the surrounding air is about the same as the warm air mass then the warm air mass will move slowly and stay near the ground if the warm air mass moves into a cooler area then it will rise because it's lighter than the surrounding air if it passes out of the cool air into some very warm air it will fall almost eight certainly went farther than Julie's didn't it how about you Peter what have you got there well this is a r micophone I blow up the blo and put it in the water and see what happens well that was almost like a motorboat wasn't it yeah and John what have you I have a uh toy tank here and the annual Whitewater Boat Parade down the McKenzie river gets underway with 100 skilled entrance braving the turbulent stream bothered by the guides Association this is the 15th running of the Rapids it's a daring exhibition of piloting along a course where foaming Waters boil over hidden rocks and danger lurks for the unwary This Crew has a leg up on their [Music] competitors three men in a boat and the going ision AB ship but always the turned out to be another section of the English Coast our boys would go through the same never changing procedure get the Infantry aboard the landing craft and then head in fast for the beaches [Music] Soldiers and Sailors all thought they were pretty good violent weather on the earth weather extremes are common in the temperate regions because these are the places where warm and cold air most often come together to do battle we can get an idea of what happens when warm and cold air masses Come Together by imagining that this hot air balloon is a warm air mass for America of big cities where we organize and direct our business and our industry an America where we take for granted things like education that are luxuries for others an America where we are free to thank God in our own way an America of good homes for most of us and a fine promise for all an America where we can have fun where we are able to laugh and Shout [Music] many of the 5,000 delegates and orats did not know of Mr Johnson's Choice until he made the announcement and they whoop it up for Mr [Applause] Humphrey with Senator Humphrey also named by acclamation the Democrats have drawn their battle lines and the campaign curtain is going up the next night comes the grand finale as the president returns once more to Atlantic City to make his acceptance speech today he is 56 years old and marking what is clothing food and shelter aren't the only things in life for example people want to play games they like balloons they like bicycles they want electric lights the things that people need or want are called Goods like puppets I'm satisfied and again Peter the balloons always R in One Direction and the air in the other direction have you thought about the reason for this I found something in a science book that I I think it's good I found something too yeah would you like to tell us what you learned from your book I learned that another way to show how a rocket goes is by using a toy balloon now Joe would you please come up here with your [Music] balloon air is a mixture of gases do gases occupy space as we fill the balloon with air we can see that air a gas does occupy space all gases occupy space do gases have weight we will find out using a very delicate balance or scale two empty beakers on the scale exactly balance each other now we will pour bromine a gas we can see into one beaker to help overcome the friction of the floor a major alteration was necessary well I think that one's making quite a trip don't you yeah how many times is that f so he called the people he met Indians uh-oh the people who came to stay and make a new home in America were from England and from [Music] Africa now that was in the early [Music] 1600s this is just like a rocket this is the Sanford Street je in Glen Falls New York these fourth graders are flying Rockets they have built themselves the scene is not an unusual one it is in fact rather difficult what may seem unusual about these 8 and nyear olds is that they understand that when we headed out this time many of us wondered when we'd see the Cliffs of England again hour after hour our passing bomber fleets fill the channel Skies [Music] [Music] the men were quiet now each alone with his thoughts and [Music] fears man the aak guns we'll run the railroads and get the rains through on time bury the PLS carry the dispatches drive the ambulances and run the buses and we'll see that our men are fed and don't go [Music] hungry all on hello America this is Edward murl speaking from London there were more German planes over the coast of Britain today than at any time since the War Began anti-aircraft guns were in action along the Southeast coast [Music] today back on Main Street USA daily we followed Britain's life [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] struggle [Music] Miss may we show Miss Jerry what we did with our balloons I think it be fun would you like thank you we F Miss da some of our other experiments that we did the free flying balloon were their first Rockets but since the flight of balloons was so unpredictable the class experience equipment supplies all were scarce only one shell to fire at each practice the women of Britain refuse to be left [Music] out wheel in this too we'll put up the barrage [Music] balloons for this addition to data on wind direction and velocity the transmitter signals are received by radio setr 658 which supersedes the optical method for tracking balloons and permits all weather observation the position of the balloon is indicated on a cathod grade tube with it specific job you remember young Bill Jackson who sang in your Boy Choir he was serving aboard the rescue cutter flying angel for months bill and the others were put through Invasion Maneuvers they call them dry runs and other terms not in our vocabulary by now the gis were resigned to these seagoing excursions and convinced they had joined the Marines for that for our men began to feel they were running a water taxi service they kept hoping each dry run might turn out to be more than just another [Music] rehearsal whenever the look till I lost sight of land you can feel the the defenses they trusted in were London's hastily assembled anti-aircraft the akak guns the balloon barrage which kept the Raiders at high [Music] altitudes the Royal Air Force now down to its last reserves and the plain downright guts of the [Music] people they sent more children out of the city for on the golf course good performance improves with the casual [Music] [Applause] style for romantic moods all the beauty of happy moments can be captured in glowing designs Exquisite color and flowing [Music] Grace [Music] [Applause] [Music] fibers have come a long way from their prehistoric Simplicity to a vast complexity of men and machines today hundreds of Manufacturers plants throughout the nation are producing Fabrics from these fibers leaves the lungs in oxygen out carbon dioxide this exchange of gases takes place inside the lungs as we breathe in and out in each lung are millions of small round air sacks these air for [Music] yeah I wonder I wonder what do you wonder wondercat I wonder where do lost balloons go where do lost balloons go if you're curious enough you can find out well lost balloons start getting lost when they go up into the air lots of things go up into the air some things that go up into the air get moved by the air [Music] too the air moves lots of things but as hard as I try and my eyes are very good I still can't see air sometimes I can feel it moving and pushing you can feel it when it's moving because air is real you just can't see it you can't reach out and touch it like you can touch a rock for instance because air isn't a solid thing like a rock is it's a gas air is more like water than it is like Rock Air is a gas a gas you can't see but you can see things through it it's an invisible gas that's all around us well if all this invisible gas is all around us how can things go through it it's a lot like when something goes through water [Music] it looks like the boat pushes the water aside while it moves [Music] through I see the boat does push the water aside and that's how it can move through the water the water is pushed aside as the boat goes through the space where the water was and then the water comes back into that space as the boat moves out of it so things that move through the air must push the air aside except I can't see it because the air is invisible but I still wonder what do you still wonder I wonder when lost balloons go through the invisible air where do they go but I'm curious I'll find out look there are two lost balloons but they're not going through the air in the same way that's right right one is just being blown along the ground by the wind but the other one seems to keep going higher and higher what's different about them maybe finding out where they came from will help you find out what's different about them people are blowing up these balloons this is one the children blew up air blew away this balloon balloon and air also fills these balloons it comes from inside the children who are blowing them up and people get the air for blowing up the balloons from the air all around them they breathe it in they blow it out you put more and more air into a balloon and it gets bigger and bigger the air must be stretching it that's right air inside things pushes too the air inside this balloon and inside these balloons too is like the air that's outside them is the air inside these balloons different look how they pull on their strings the air inside these balloons is different in fact it really isn't Air at all it's a gas like air is but it's a different kind of gas this gas is called helium it's lighter than air balloons filled with helium float in the air in fact if you don't hold them down they go up up up through the air like this lost balloon I wonder I wonder what do you wonder I wonder what will happen to the Lost balloon as it goes up through the invisible air if I'm curious enough can I find out yes but you need a way to go up into the air let's imagine you were being carried by a balloon filled with helium up up through the air let's see what it would be like are you comfortable so far but as you go up it gets colder and colder does that mean that the higher you go the colder it gets that's right thanks the winds blow hard up here wind is air that moves oh now I see why balloons can travel so far and something else is happening it's getting harder for you to breathe you need your own supply of air up here is that because there's less and less air the higher you go that's right now sometimes as a balloon goes higher the helium leaks out of it and it slowly falls back to Earth but your balloon doesn't leak and it's getting bigger and bigger remember there's less air up here so it's easier for the gas inside the balloon to push on the balloon and stretch it and if you go high enough and if some of the gas inside the balloon doesn't leak out out or if it isn't let out then a balloon bursts oh oh the fall is slower with a parachute it shape makes it hard for the air to get out of its way and so the air slows you down so you see all lost balloons and cats attached to them eventually fall back to the Earth and now you're back in your favorite tree again and you know many things about lost balloons yes now I know where lost balloons go but there's a lot more for me to wonder [Music] about [Music] for all right now Joe's balloon here is like my chart up here now uh he blew up his balloon he pushed in air molecules so they would uh be close together and pressing against each side with the same amount of force all right Joe um would you squeeze your balloon all right at DUS we ar at the r and hold to under the welcome cover of the deepening night now began the most trying ordal of all waiting through the long nerve straining silence for H hour this is called a rocket tank I tie the neck of the balloon onto the tank with a string I'm going to blow it up and see what happens for for got it can you tie this still yeah thank you n spring what are you going to do Rhonda I'm going to cut a hole on the end of this balloon like this now I'm going to twist the end of the balloon I'll blow it up now the now when uh Jo squeezed this balloon he pressed the air molecules closer together so they would be trying to get out with much more Force now uh release your hold in your balloon when he did that uh the air molecules went uh floated apart and moved the part and the blue went back into its normal shape all over like Judy said no de it didn't work soda straws on the flight line improved speed and control the nylon fishing line worked far better as a flight line than did n will you put the tape on why did you cut the hole in the balloon well to make a slower reaction slower you going to let it go now yeah these are the Hunters as they're called by specialists in Solid Waste Management originally a Hunter was a scavenger iner who looked for scraps of wool waste in the Garment industry but here Hunters young and old baret around looking for anything of value or interest because weather is affected by conditions above radio balloons are launched into the atmosphere at stations throughout the world the radio is equipped to transmit meas of temperature humidity and pressure up to a height of 20 mes twice a day the radio signals report on conditions in that region of the atmosphere where most of our weather occurs inside the suit so you can do things like move your wrist around I hate that when that happens then we also have a ball bearing in the waist so I can do this and ball bearings on either side of the shoulder so I can do that oops of course you don't want the American flag in your armpit we haven't really checked it with the Supreme Court yet but it can't be a good thing following question well we notice when astronauts are orbiting the Earth they're in a state of freef fall they're floating now what's going to happen when Adam puts this in a state of freef fall will the balloon pop up here will it pop in the middle when he releases it will it pop after it hits the ground maybe it won't pop at all let's see what effects are going to take place so we'll kind of give Adam a quick countdown at zero he's going to release this so 3 2 1 Z philppe food bags and paperclips comprise one of their first guidance control system the experiments were gradually becoming more refined and complex and along with progress an occasional setback is it going to go not particularly aggressive are like Perry they like the fun of breaking balloons but they are easy and Casual about I how they pop do you like how they po did you ever pop any want to PO [Music] b b balloon going fast people like crazy lining up to BU them balloons H put you in a good mood make you happy Miss look 15 C look in a great mood hey mister you want a balloon going ah no he doesn't need it all right now here it is with Coro notice the dress uh this particular scientist engineer from Johnson Space Center is wearing a belt and suspenders now either this person has a good knowledge of backup systems or it's a fashion statement and I'll let you decide that one uh here we're looking at it kind of looking at the Shadows kind of an interesting uh view but notice the weight in reference to the frame it was staying in that position there was no upward force all right now that kind of gives us um uh an Insight aggressive children also show two varieties at least two varieties of behavior one child will act as though he had been released from a gun he will smash the balloons with gusto with almost lustful aggression can we increase pressure without using heat well when we pump up a balloon what are we really doing we're adding more air molecules this means that more molecules strike the inside of the balloon than the outside this increases the pressure inside and pushes the balloon out that shows that we produced microgravity before because the bands were able to relax in microgravity during the fall okay we'll get rid of this right now and let's take a look at another demonstration this time with water now Ben is going to do a little trick here similar to what a magician will do when they're pulling out a tablecloth off under a nice dinner service except we're going to pour water into a cup and then invert the cup and yank out the bottom so first off we got to fill this up with water and we get it near the top I'm going to in and uh she and Ben have got some experiments set up for us and we'll be seeing those very soon and now back to you Camille oh gosh well as you saw those are the people and places joining us for today's program the G in microgravity is my Michael mentioned before we are going to be talking more about what microgravity is as well as the research that's conducted microgravity so let's start off by taking a look at some of the key application areas of interest to us when we're investig other children are like Roberts they continually refer to balloons in terms of breaking but do not permit themselves to do so the strength of their resistance to Breaking suggests that they are working hard to would you like to break every single one like the bre one all right what is the tiniest one I think that's let's it I'll take oh my what happened who's broke yours that mine was that fun hold and check equally strong impulses to do so would you to do it you have anything to well what would you like to break them it's is when they break I think so you want to try it no why not Robert in refusing to break balloons chose again his old spear first such reflector was a huge shiny plastic balloon called Echo with a powerful rocket Ekko was launched into orbit around the Earth course at home and in the nursery school that is he kept talking about breaking the balloon but each time he was invited to do so he changed the subject invented rules avoided doing so from this it was possible to predict a decrease of aggression to predict the ability to keep his impulses under control to predict the behavior that Robert began to show in the next year us where man cannot go himself he sends instruments to observe record and report in his place hug helium filled balloons carry scientific equipment far beyond the reach of aircraft balloons like these have reported new data on solar radiation they have confirmed the existence of great wind systems some 30 miles above the earth now the question is how do you achieve orbit well one very common answer I get to that question is go up well let's see if going up will get us into orbit well if we go up gravity is pulls us right back down well one day I had a student say well you didn't go up high enough well let's go up higher we still come straight back down so if we want to go into orbit here's what we do with our launch vehicle we go up go up about 150 miles and then turn right and don't forget to turn right now just Happ I it's [Music] [Applause] I did you break it no I just you want turn it up oh it is important that in Robert's second year at ly school he behaved in just this way with the balloons yet this was at the time that Robert was of his most violence when he was described of a naked [Music] roaring at a height of over 80,000 ft this camera photographs the sun once a second for several hours by the mid 20th century man climbed higher still learning more about the atmosphere around his Planet extending his reach from a few thousand ft to 100,000 and more here balloons and planes approach their limits for above 25 miles the atmosphere is too thin to support a balloon or feed a plane's engine to explore deeper into [Applause] space got rid of the feeling of counter rotation which he would have had when the chair was just stopped if he had stayed erect this is again Millie with her head inside a device called a rotating Dome measuring more Nur ofous distributor function we also have a general purpose workstation and there was concern on how well it would control materials and fluid so we had a couple of experiments just to release materials and and then watch in the balloon verse it all comes back to Earth what 3 2 1 zero and we notice it didn't pop now we did give the other experiment uh two attempts so why don't we give yours also a second an attempt and make sure that um we have a decent sample size here right he's attaching the weight to the cord okay I think it's attached there all right very good okay notice gravity is giving us a a good definition of up and down it also provides a container for items that would simply float away if the gpws weren't there like water and look at how well it works for safety reasons any fluid we spill has to be sopped up immediately that's because on orbit liquid doesn't fall to the floor up here it could float around and shortcircuit a piece of electrical equipment so thoroughly cleaning the gpws is a safety must of loud noises but he is overemphasizing it he is using it as a rationalization he uses others too such as the expense of the balloon and he finds ways of delaying the breaking by measuring the balloon when the experimentor does break one Robert is anxious and accepts some of the responsibility would you like me to break one no know why another experiment shows you an important thing about air although we can't see it we know that this bottle contains air a balloon is placed over the mouth of the bottle now air can neither get out of or into the bottle the bottle is placed on an electric hot plate this bottle is made of telescopes on brief rocket flights have brought us hints of entities we never knew existed and balloon flights have lifted telescopes 8 mil into the air air to take some of the clearest photographs of the sun ever obtained from Earthbound views like this to this yes it is beyond the air that we must go if when the valve opens air is permitted to Rush from the reservoirs through the brake lines into the front and rear brake Chambers located close to the wheel each brake chamber does the same job as demonstrated by the rubber balloon well what do you know no better than that old Cracked Egg Humpty Dumpty now when it comes to Falling there's no luckier creature than this old windbag the fall of us he's light and he's bouncy and he's supposed to have a built-in gravity resistor gravity resistors we know nothing about gravity we do across three vast oceans past three great continents the supplies for victory reach the docks of Cal from the United States from Great Britain from the factories of India herself half a world away the war in Europe demands and consumes millions of men billions of supplies half a world away the war in the Pacific demands and consumes more millions of men more billions of suppli calata gets only the seed direction of winds Al are computed by plotting the movements of the balloon out of an Ever growing mass of observations meteorologists have evolved some understanding of what makes the winther we'll put the balloon in a jar now we're going to pump all the air or atmosphere out of the jar so it will be similar to the vacuum of space look what's happening as air is removed from the jar the balloon swells and the water begins to boil like a soda pop that's the same thing that would happen to me if I didn't have on a pressurized suit and let's try and describe an orbit and very simply an orbit is when you're going around in a circular path notice this circular path is flat we're under the influence of gravity so if we were to place this orbit around the Earth we'd have to put it in this type of position gravity pulling you down to the center of the earth now we would describe this orbit going around the earth's equator as an equatorial orbit here's some changes we could it fun to break them it to break break you want to break the more I know I not going to break it yell I love yellow why did you give me the World Golf Hall of Fame throughout the coastal region of North Carolina you can sense the Atlantic the sweet smell of Salt Air brisk and crisp spreads across the Horizon eastern North Carolina is a world apart for the history buff Newburn is the home of a magnificent completely restored residence of Royal Governor Tran Tran's Palace is due west of North Carolina St Peter's Fiesta is Carnival time and visitors come from everywhere to celebrate with gler my ears were ringing but I felt that I was officially home again when these outof balance air masses meet the reaction will be violent how violent it is this forecaster job to find out as the morning progresses he orders additional upper air temperature soundings sharp temperature drops above the warm moist surface air can indicate the formation of a very severe storm and Association for the [Music] blind zebras from Africa and ostriches from Australia are all to be found at our state zoo when completed the North Carolina state zoo at Ashboro will be the world's largest natural environmental habitat animals from every continent are in wide open are ious for all to [Music] see they may be asked to measure the protein content of a product it's a simple test for the chemist and an important protection for you the consumer they say that the by to get Tom and Carol out got Carol but as he was helping Tom the gas tank exploded Tom wasn't hurt much the BR was burnely sorry well this awitch a week ago you were up in the having to go same they explain pressure as the force of molecules striking against the surface why pressure may be increased by heat or by adding more molecules these are just a few of the facts explained by one of the most important ideas in science the idea of molecules in motion and coastal regions this is the pedmont these are the cities built of Bank ANS tobacco and textiles and the architecture reflects the people flowing lyric structures full of fantasy and [Music] determination an experiment you can do the balloon gets bigger because the man is forcing air into it the more air the bigger the balloon in a little while the force of the air within the balloon becomes greater than the strength of the balloon and the balloon bursts the balloon experiment is a projective method used to study the aggressive impulses that children carry around with them there is no frustration and no no aggression of anyone else's to which to react some children who are not aggressive break no balloons at all they are simply not interested in the idea of breaking other children who are also one zero all right very good well the balloon popped now for that balloon to pop that weight had to have floated up now when we go into a state of freef fall we're canceling out gravity we're in a weightless situation and notice these rubber bands are applying an upward Force now what would happen if we didn't apply an upward force and uh Kenyon Kenyon a balloon can be fun to a child it can also be a hazard a means of Suffocation when a for an object becomes lodged in the throat the cause of Suffocation may not be immediately apparent to The Rescuer how can she tell if it's there it will be difficult to get air in day and night radio telescopes bring important information about invisible events in the universe shortwave information of a special kind is picked up incessantly by radio telescopes like this giant one at jodal Bank in England other sources of information are probes by balloon and Rocket [Music] but like someone old man looking down on all the Whipper Snappers about him when you let it go restored energy changes into kinetic energy and forces the balloon through the head wa awesome what happens if you use more you got it the balloon goes faster and farther and if you don't use enough Force the balloon may not move at all so take one power source add some stored energy change it into kinetic energy get out of the way because here it go from the Department of physics of the University of Minnesota Cosmic beta balloon number 39 launched successfully at 2116 GCT carrying both gerer counter B assembly and emion 20 reached altitude 85,000 ft in 2 hours 45 minutes and remain for 16 hours I'm a fine one to in Indiana Senator Kennedy used the W bash Cannonball as his campaign train and it got his campaign there rolling to Victory so starting dead even in Oregon he decided to spend a Saturday campaigning up the great Willam at Heartland in his Beaver State special fun results yet to be seen for a Sams in reporting from the beaver State special at Eugene we have to know a good deal about the weather all along the Route preferably we should be in continuous contact with the ground with for which we have to have all kinds of of navigational equipment beacons charts and so on we have to have enough of all these [Music] [Music] things [Music] M need are breaking well these are here just for breaking so you can break any want of the these you want I have some more outside later I break this one mhm iak this m and like this one and this one this one this one that one that break that one break you one yeah bre one you want it break everyone yeah break every for gravity points uh takes us downward so up is in the opposite direction we do have some air currents here all right 3 2 1 zero all right and it didn't pop now this event occurred rather quickly and what we've done earlier on was we recorded this and we' like to play back a segment to you in instant replay in slow motion so now we're going to go to the video tape apparent increase in counting rate about 0230 GCT radar tracking successful and telemeter signals clear from the Philippine national observatory in bagio Optical patol maintain from 2200 to 0415 with several interruptions these photographs actually taken from a rocket show how Echo was released and inflated in space while circling the earth as a satellite Echo acts as a reflector to bounce back signals aimed at it from ground stations it is called Echo get your balloons [Music] [Music] balloons [Music] North Carolina is our state a come as you are state with more than 9 18,000 public and private campgrounds 25 state parks four the rocket principle is illustrated by the squid which propels Itself by ejecting a stream of [Music] water in the same way a toy balloon ejects compressed air when such streams are expelled there is an equal but opposite reaction causing a Thrust forward on winds temperatures and moisture the raw ingredients of killer storms two new Doppler radar units can map moisture and air motion within the storm systems where their coverage overlaps they provide a three-dimensional record of wind and water changes in the Thundercloud the team of scientists at told [Music] [Music] you 15 C put you in a good mood make you happy nothing like a balloon to cheer you up miss my last one 10 cents 10 cents you can have buy your balloon leave thank you within a 30m radius of one another you can visit the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill or Duke University at Durham or NC State University at Raleigh three of our state's finest schools the Striking shape of our legislative building in the capital at Raleigh stands out Above the Rest even from bang is it all right if one Breaks by accident just can't help it is that all right then yes I as when you break one I break one I just can't help some children like to did you know that some children like to break LS with balloons you know why I think it's ah we must be over Winston Salem home of Old Salem the city of Charlotte this is the new South Bright straight lines of business cut through the horizon we're flying over forested gently Rolling Hills which separate North Carolina's Mountain what I ibody even Bruce well I'm not going to be a hypocrite and as this changes now you're not after Bruce was he didn't to that probably didn't even know in it at the time even if hece [Applause] a human Cannonball is a moving object but he doesn't travel with a uniform [Applause] motion we Carolinians call them the Appalachians or the Blue Ridge or the Great Smokies but whatever the name our mountains remain the same breathtaking Smoky Mists drift through gaps each morning setting the mountains on fire Canyon and uh here is a uh you can tell that this person is from the Johnson Space Center most of our scientists and Engineers now if you notice that as soon as it was released the weight floated upward we applied an upward Force how does an astronaut get up onto the ceiling well applies a force and like pushing against the wall and you're going to float upward so in our space station we're going to be able to use every part of the start this on top of that uh cutting board now you can use a cooking sheet or cutting board of course the way to do this is not to invert it yet but to put the board on top of it like this and then I hold it real tight and go like that now air pressure is keeping the water from sliding out of the cup hold it right over here and you're going to hold that thing in just a moment get a bucket out here on the floor and try to catch the bucket just right hold your arm out there how can this force be put to work let's insert a heavy rubber balloon into this plastic container and attach it to the wheel breaking mechanism what we're going to do is to blow up the balloon so that we can actually see the air pressure the balloon pressing against the linkage the show is on these are the only basketball playing dogs in the world their trainer is their referee the weather Watchers of today all across the country feed us a constant stream of updated readouts and predictions about tomorrow's weather many however are research Specialists trying to cut down the odds on Nature's surprises one of these specialists at Nasa concentrates his attention on hurricanes and severe thunderstorms Bill Shank that and with a first breath try to clear the throat at once when the air passage is free it will be easy easier to get air in even a youngster can follow the few simple rescue breathing procedures of tilting the head back pulling up the jaw it's not good enough that Americans die in Vietnam to defend people who don't care to defend themselves while riots Ren American cities welfare won't work what's needed is jobs and dignity oregonians will decide by their votes who will be president oron will decide whether to continue the policies of the past or whether to change liquids have a property called surface tension which is a measurement of how much the liquid is attracted to itself one effect of surface tension is that it determines how spread out and flat a drop of liquid will become under the influence of gravity notice the beating of these drops here you see that the molecules of this liquid are trying to stay together even as gravity is pulling them apart all again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and again and [Music] again wheaty railroad is about to Brave another run now uh he has attached this with just a very simply simple twist tie want to make sure that this is all centered okay right let's try that again three two we have no choice in this democracy in this free part of the world in greenham common British women protested the installation of a handful of America's second strike cruise missiles but made no equivalent protest against the 900 First Strike Soviet Warhead heads already aimed at them in America One Peace group called America an oligarchy that up the cord at the same time the cord pulls out the safety pin and the spring behind the ice pick pushes it through the hole into the balloon which breaks the weight falls pulling the lever of a windup train motor [Music] rocket nearly 16 M up well above the denser part of the atmosphere then the rocket is fired it will climb over 75 M farther into space much higher than a fired at sea level its payload includes a Geer counter photo cell an ionization chamber to record The Cosmic bombardment in [Music] detail dedication day was a big event in Boone it was declared a town holiday and everyone turned out to celebrate Mountain style it's you on my pillow in all of my dreams the nucleus has a positive charge and the electrons have negative charges the positive charge on the nucleus is normally exactly enough to balance all the negative charges of the electrons the hydrogen nucleus only requires reports from Radio balloons come in at up to 1,600 reports a day and thousands of weather reports a day come in from civilian military aircraft this mass of data flashes into the air force global weather central through weather communication terminals by way of Carswell Air Force Base and on the count of three Ben is going to yank that thing out of there as fast as you can are you ready Ben now everybody watch what happens to the water will the water pour out of the cup or will it stay in the cup are you ready Ben 1 2 3 oh my goodness little bit splashing right there if you watch carefully the water stayed in the cup as it went down now you can try this home it's really easy to do but I wouldn't recommend doing this in the living room you might do [Music] AO AO hey AO AO bye a bye as the train motor turns it winds up another cord that leads to a metal arm held in place with a safety pin when the safety pin is pulled out the metal arm is released the stretched rubber band pulls the arm down at the upper end of the arm is a match held in a battery clip the match scrapes against the Sandpaper as it's and with a fairly speak it moves in other words with an almost uniform motion until there is a force to stop [Applause] it