AV Geeks Lunch 10-18-2023

hi everybody Welcome to the avgeeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16mm films and um we are not at the archive today because we are traveling to Kentucky uh we are helping the apples shop archive which is an archive dedicated to preserving Appalachian culture uh who experienced a tragedy last year uh they had a flood and we are going to go help them uh figure out how to rec claim uh some of the materials that were uh all muddy or moldy um we've been helping them off and on uh for the last year and we decided we would go and teach them how to do it so they could do it themselves so they didn't have to keep sending us stuff so those um that's what we're doing uh in honor of that uh we're going to be in coal mining country so I figured we should show films about coal that we have in our collection so we're going to start off off first with a German uh silent film called the manufacturer of coke which is basically how they process uh coal into uh a fuel that heats a certain way for steel manufacturing uh then we're going to watch uh the electric story coal which talks about coal in producing electricity in the United States then uh coal miner which is kind of a look at a coal miner in the community that they live in and then we're going to watch uh a safety film made by Mesa which is the mine engineering safety or Mesa anyways it's uh underground blasting and it talks about some of the safety concerns associated with uh detonating um explosives Underground and uh it's dangerous super dangerous uh so yeah thanks for watching today we'll be back again live soon and in the meantime if you like what you're seeing please hit the thumbs up or the like button uh you can also support us with the super thanks option in on the YouTube chat uh you can also go to kfi.com avgeeks or patreon.com avgeeks those are great ways to support us another way is also just to watch other videos that we have on the YouTube channel um because we get a little bit of AD Revenue every time you watch that I know the ads are annoying but they actually are helping pay a storage rent so we have storage four storage units now uh and we are working towards something we don't have that in the future but all that unfortunately costs money and uh these are great ways you can support us and at the very least you can just share what we're doing but we appreciate your eyeballs and your support so we will see you soon take care [Music] Kowski I don't know what this business is you're giving me today's week is not a comic look you want to give this story to a sports writer and a fashion photographer that's not it calm down Henry look I want to give Eda chance to establish himself on this magazine he's not making it as a sports Rider but I think he's got talent we haven't seen yet look Kowalski he's a nice kid and as for Phoenicia I think she'll surprise you but this coold piece is the first of a very important series and they don't have any experience oh give him another chance will you I'll help okay but it's their last chance with today's week and if they blow it it falls in your [Music] lap [Music] I'm still printing what is it Henry wants to his office who meisha [Music] EV big story that no one's really done a job on up till now where we're going to get the electric power we'll need 10 20 years from now all I know about electricity is when you flip the switch the lights go on oh come on Iddy you're a journalist go and find out go upstairs and see guy and research what makes this story worth the cover in today's Week Magazine I'll tell you by the end of the century more than half of our energy will be elected and if it isn't produced cleanly we could suffocate in our own small okay so what's our Peg [Music] coal until this morning I've never seen a real piece of coal I have the feeling I better not goop this one we better not goop it I know this is the first time we're working together well let's get started what do you know about guy why Cole I wondered the same thing when Henry asked us to put together a briefing but I started digging into it and it does make sense take a look at this little slideshow I put together for Henry it'll put the situation A Little More in focus for you New York City 100 years ago Edison buils commercial generating plant and coal is just about the only fuel they also begin to spin generators with water power you know of course that falling water is still the cheapest way to generate electricity anyway after the second world war the demand for electric power is enormous and so much coal is being burned that some cities are getting S at the same time large supplies of cheap natural gas and oil are found Atomic Power is coming along then too some people are predicting that eventually Atomic power will be too cheap to meter well Atomic power is is important today but it's a long way from being free the price of gas and oil keeps Rising too and that oil is badly needed for other uses so industry is turning back to Coal again because we have enough of it to last for at least 100 years and we know how to use it we don't have to develop a totally new technology now what about solar power Kowalski up on the science desk can brief you on there sure a lot of people are working on solar energy it's exciting stuff they figure that if we combine conservation coal and uranium now we'll be able to meet our needs until we develop other sources of energy like solar power right now coal is giving us the time we need to develop these sources well I haven't the faintest idea how you squeeze electricity out of a lump of coal neither do I well that's not unusual I keep this around for people like you huh uh phenicia could you hit the lights please coal comes from a [Music] mine it is ground into a fine [Music] powder the powdered coal Burns in a furnace and heats tubes of water the water turns into steam the steam spins a turban and the turbine turns a generator spinning magnets in the generator create an electric [Music] current not bad Kowalski I'm beginning to see how it works but isn't cold clumsy to handle yeah and let's face it it is dirty uhhuh the trick is using it without messing up the atmosphere and without busting the bank and keeping the lights burning and do we burn the lights look at that I wonder how many of those really have to be on how many air conditioners are going full blast with the doors open so then what we're really talking about is conservation absolutely but that's only part of the story by the time I'm a grandfather we'll need twice the electricity we have today you can imagine the chaos there'd be if there wasn't enough power when people wanted it so Kowalski why don't you do the story that's a good question Eddie I think you and phenicia can bring a Fresh Approach to this story look here's a list of my Best Contacts I think you should see Dr Jane Pierce first because she is an energy researcher who really knows how to make this stuff understandable that coal even Burns dirty Dr Pierce no it burns a lot cleaner in a well-run power plant although no matter what you do there's always something left to clean up that's why industry prefers burning oil or gas but there are higher priorities for oil and gas now we're spending billions of dollars to develop cheaper ways to burn coal and burn it cleaner so that's what's in call Smoke huh it's the stuff that's left after the burning that causes the problem for instance sulfur compounds they can fop the air pretty bad and nitrous oxide they can cause Smog and Ash particles they're so tiny you could put about 20,000 of these particles in in and they'd only be an inch long that's a nasty little tree so you got to take that stuff out of the smoke if you want to burn coal right right and we're doing everything we can before it burns while it's burning and after it's burned what do you mean uh before Burning uh what do you do wash it well yes uh that helps but what I mean is by transforming it into a cleaner fuel like this making it into a gas or we can convert dirty burning coal into a clean liquid fuel very similar to what we get from petroleum it's like putting the coal through a Refinery isn't it very close to it phenicia and we are also using a refining process that extracts Ash and pollutants from the coal and leaves a clean solid burning fuel oh it's kind of like a perfect cool burn clean as a whistle there's no actra smoke Left Behind that's the whole idea with all the clean fuels made from coal the big problem is how to keep the price [Applause] [Music] down now this will save us a lot of time fisha you finish up with Dr Pierce and I'll get started visiting the lasts and pilot plant I didn't realize how massive this C research project is you know we'd never get done in time for deadline without splitting up well I got to run I'll call you tomorrow night okay all right good [Music] [Applause] luck [Music] a you really need all this piping and stuff to turn coal into gas I saw an experiment the other day and they just heated the coal it was really simple it is if you don't care how much you pollute the air around you or how much it costs of course we do care now this plant represents the most advanced technology we know but neither of these plants can make gas as inexpensive as just burning ordinary coal for instance if it cost $1 for coal to make a certain amount of electricity it would cost you $150 to make the same amount of electricity from synthetic gas I wish I could photograph how much all this stuff costs or what it means to people who need electric power yeah fluidized bed combustion come on Dr Pierce no one will understand that oh was just a different way to burn coal with Limestone so that the sulfur in the coal is absorbed in the ash so it doesn't go upstairs so that's how you clean coal while burning it clean fuels from coal clean methods of burning okay so that leaves uh the third and so far the only method commercially available cleaning up the particles and gases after the coal is burned there are lots of ways to do that too right right different ways to remove different dirt we can take out the tiny particles with an electronic device watch what happens when I turn on the power the static electricity on the plat attracts and holds the particles another way we clean up smoke from Cal burning is to filter it through cloth bags that trap the particles like this aren't there other things to clean up besides Ash particles you've really picked up the technical side of this story Eddie you're right we've got to remove unwanted gases like sulfur dioxide oh it's like giving the smoke a shower M we scrub out those pollutants with water and [Applause] [Music] chemical and all of this would have gone up those stacks and into the air if you didn't scrub it out no not all of it some of it's waste Limestone that we put in water to scrub out gluten oh what are you going to do with all this stuff oh that's the question we're working on right now we're developing ways to treat it to make it into things uh useful such as building materials Road beds uh and even growing trees on it makes sense yes it does it does us no good to clean up the air if we're going to pollute our land and our water with this kind of waste well at least we do have ways of making electricity out of coal and still have clean air to breathe so why spend so much on research because most of these Advanced ideas are still in the development stage it would be pretty silly to build a billion dollar generating plant based on technology we can't even keep running every day in a laboratory yeah I guess so [Music] those are some pretty terrific experiments I hope I can remember them all there's another thing too you should keep in mind oh what's that none of this is going to come cheap maybe I should take some notes oh you can remember this anytime you complicate a simple process like burning coal in a boiler you make it more expensive it's just like the smog control devices on your car they reduce the miles you get per gallon of gas the cleanup method you add to a power plant reduce the kilowatts you get per ton of coal ah so some of the energy that we produce we're using just to clean up the waste that we make right very good Hi V good to see you again oh it's good to be back how was it it was great got some beautiful stuff to show you guys well let's get to the plan this plant has it all together the latest equipment the best coal trained personnel and as new ideas are proved out in the laboratory we're phasing them into the new units that are still in construction I'm a little confused if this plant is so good why don't you just leave it alone those Stacks look pretty clean to me oh they are very clean but what's clean today day may not be clean enough a few years from now would you mind running that by one more time well as we burn more and more coal to produce electricity we also make more exhaust gases ah so you have to burn the coal cleaner just to keep the total amount of pollution the same right [Music] tanks and towers and tons of coal there's something missing if we just had a hero or a villain it' really be easy if we could just find someone to blame the energy troubles on a greedy oil people uh backwards utilities well these people are they're really trying to solve this thing I mean they really care that's it Eddie people we've got to focus more on people doing the research how electricity research affects all people right like if you flipped the switch and the lights wouldn't go on because they couldn't burn coal sure are your coffee didn't Brew or would cost you five bucks to make your morning toast because the pollution controls were so expensive we can use some of my people pictures and some of your Snappy captions all right let's try [Applause] this okay how about tomorrow's America we'll need more electricity electricity to power our jobs to drive our vehicles and to light our houses and to run our businesses oh great okay coal is One Foundation of our future Electric Supply because we have enough of it to last more in a century I like it research is now aimed at finding better Ways to Mine coal to move it to clean it and to um what's it about well the nation is committed to using more coal to meet the demands for the growing need for power and the researchers are committed to meeting that need at a price we can afford and without Haring the environment [Music] not bad for an ex sports writer and a former fashion photographer I um I think I'm going to keep you on this story I like the way you Illustrated how everybody's life has affect Ed by electricity and what we pay come on I'm going to take you to [Music] dinner hey Henry got something all right to uh to quote that famous writer Mr Edwin Phillips having enough energy tomorrow starts with saving what we have today [Music] [Applause] [Music] n company 10 engine 41 111 [Music] respon apartment brid Street Shon reported [Music] structur 10 Eng 4111 been alerted 1038 oh my God [Music] on the majority of the men in our fire department are coal miners it's a pet peeve of mine and a majority of the coal miners whether they're continuous minor operators shuttle operators roof Boulders that every time you turn on a television radio and see or hear an interview with a coal miner he's always in a bar or in a courthouse step some sort of demonstration and that just doesn't depict the image of the coal miner as he actually is he's not that type of guy well we've always had the reputation of being a dumb coal miner every time I hear it it it it kind of rubs my fur no minor likes to be put down he's proud of who he is and what he is these people in my opinion don't know what they're talking about they haven't meant the new coal miner today this this is a good view of a coal miner this is what coal miners do they're they're interested in Community Action uh they go to churches uh they belong to Civic groups Civic organizations uh of course I realized that doesn't make such a good news [Music] story a minor today is very similar to just any other individual my today wants what everyone else wants we want new homes we want new cars we want education for our children we want what all other Americans want we simply want what might be the American dream of [Music] everyone back home now home you go what you say po L chain across that ring turn on around a little thing we just want a place in America same as anybody else we're no different than any other group of people see them swirl roll half what gets me is people goes away from these mountains but they always wind up right back here so evidently it's not so good away from here circle to the left I don't know why they think coal miners don't have nice homes I I guess they think they're dirty from the time they go into the mines until they die I don't know but we work for what we have I just think it's time that coal miners were seen in the light that they should be seen as human beings as people who go to work who have families who have interests This is Our Roots this is home cities aren't for [Music] us we pray that you bless each and every one of us and father we pray that you bless this food that we're about to eat amen Patty's been cooking this since early this morning so let's eat it everybody eat up I've come from a long line of coal miners from all the way back to my great-grandfathers both of them and I I didn't think I would go any coal mine and I've heard all my life about how hard it was for a man to make a living it really stuck to me to know that somebody spent that much time of their life feeding a family and my dad said s how we were a coal miny family that's what we were emphasize coal mining so I went into the coal industry and ended up working where my father worked but in depression days a minor sometimes just went in the mines with just water in his bucket cuz I remember lots of times my dad didn't have anything in a bucket and when you come home you wouldn't have a meal like this it was really rough Patty are these the potatoes you grew in the garden yeah the corn is too my father told us how to get bread on the table and to be the right kind of man so that he wouldn't have these problems so I've heard it all my life to go into Cal fields and make the best of it I could that there was a great life if a man was a man could handle the work and stand the hours to make the money to feed his family when my father was in the co mines he was well respected he was a hard worker he was a go-getter and then that's what exactly what I did I fell right into his footsteps Mary and Jackie Joe has really been an experience through his family they're all really close and I enjoy having them here and when we get together it's a get together no doubt about it we really enjoy ourselves we have a real strong Bond there's nothing that we couldn't talk to each other about I can't say that I enjoy thinking about the risks and the dangers that are involved I was uh a little bit nervous when we were first married you know when you're first married you don't want anything to mess that up my husband has a lot of common sense and uh I trust him and he brings home stories telling me about the safety that they have now and the the ways that they do Safeguard something happening and stuff so it's it's something you have to adjust to I've adjusted to it come on Krist on some thank you steady's minor is uh a completely different type of man from what it was 25 30 years ago from what I've got from my background my relatives my grandfathers my father back in the old days a man all he had was his work today a minor has his education his family and everything else that goes along with with uh being a man I think it's a great great life and a great tradition for myself to be in the cold fields and to know that my family had spent their life in the coldfield and I'm going to spend mine there [Music] too all right I have to have three of you guys riding into Jeeps down there the rest of you guys get in here first thing when you go in a mine you make sure you have all your men with you count your men you're out a man trip then you head for the working Section traveling in a coal mine is just like traveling on interstate on one of these big 40 clovers you have to know which switch to take to get get to we some mines like our mine our mine is well lit up when you pass a certain switch it tells you where you're at and it's just like looking to a highway you know exactly what road you're going to take and everything else it's just like getting out in your car and going to [Music] town Eight Men on a section two minor men two buggy men two Boulder men and two utility men and we mine the coal uh we got a couple new men up here we want to keep our eyes on these ribs up here we had a lot of fluffing in the other two headings when we make sure we watch those same with the roof and I want to read you a couple rules here on this roof and Rib control plan there are roof and Rib plans made up by the company by the state laws federal laws you have to read these to the men make sure men understand your roof control plan and uh Every Man Has a responsibility that is different from another man minor Brad Fireball the right side of the section you got a operator on a minor his job is different from the shadow car operator so each man has a different safety precaution that he has to watch himself and nobody else can watch it for him everything all right help help the guys on on the miner get the miner set up we're going to be mining right there fin CRA hey gold when you get it set up we'll move it out of there okay I'll get these guys here to give me a hand on that I went into the coal industry and ended up working where my father worked and found out how well he was thought of and uh as myself when I went in I had a competition right there because I had to be as good as my father did or I was nobody and I ended up doing as good as my father and I hope continue to do as good as my father did because there's always somebody around that said that your dad would do a better job than that and I had to come over and do as good as he did 20 years ago my father when he worked when they mind coold they used a cut machine and they cut and shot on S solid continuous minor wasn't in operation when he was working he's not seen this it's all new equipment with hydraulics electricity all man has to do is sit in the seat and push buttons and pull eever he still doesn't understand when I talk to him about mining coal with continuous Miner he does can't believe that a coal is loaded as fast as it is as much as it is on the running section 20 years ago it took 25 to 30 men today on a section it takes six or seven men to run a section so right there you can see uh it was a lot slower and a lot harder work and now today you all you have to do is run in a place and clean it up in a half hour 45 minutes and go to another place and the boat machine comes in and [Music] boats this here is all this is all been mined out right here we're moving the section this way so this is solid coal right here these are blocks of coal back in the old days you had men that mind the coal themselves with picking sh shovel and this is I think is what everybody in the country still believes that is still being done by pick and shovel today everything is done by Modern Machinery everything is everything is done by uh levers and hydraulics and a man's not really breaking his back and killing himself in the coal mines and I believe that's exactly why 3/4 of the young men in the cold field countries want to go into the coal [Music] mines in this region that's all you hear about is coal mining and I think if a man he's been in a coal mine his dad's been in a coal mine his grandfather was in the coal mine his son has initiative to go in the coal mine it's just something that's uh is just a way of life of course I could have been somebody that I'm not I could have been lawyer doctor whatever but I wanted to be a coal miner and it tickled me to death when he made Foreman when Jackie Joe become a foreman I always did tell him he was going to follow him my footsteps and I didn't quite make it I had to stroke the day before uh they was going to put me on salary you going to come back with us next time we go not up here that's the matter son don't have to be out well you are good cold aren't you my father and I are closer right now than we were before he had his stroke you go through a stage where you uh you don't need your parents you think you don't need them you can do without them and about that time was when my father had his illness the okay and now I see how important my father is to me and how important he could have been to me back then if I had have paid attention to him and listened to him and treat him as a father instead of like somebody that can't get along so now we take him with us fishing we take him with his hunting we take him anywhere that any other man would go and we have a real close relationship there was always a closeness in the family where there wasn't so much as telling each other you loved each other there was a way of going about helping one another but now that I look at my father in our ages and everything then I wish I had have told him more that I loved him the very first rainbow ever to be seen and far as having what we've got is from the coal Fields I've got this from being a coal miner they say there's poverty in the coal field but there's not and the people make the poverty themselves uh if a man takes care of what he's got he doesn't have any poverty it's just a matter of being able to take care of what you do make I couldn't have it no other way okay you ready for bed now [Music] [Music] mhm I think the classification that TV shows and movies have given the coal miners wives is rather depressing the wives of miners are individuals they have their own interests some have their own jobs their own careers and activities and I think it's very unfair to put across this rugged idea of what a Minor's wife is so the people Sunday in the back can hear you I feel my job is here with the family and I feel that I am special for my husband and I want to be here when he needs me I'm a helpmate for him I'm very proud of him he's he's worked hard and I'm sure when his children get old enough to understand his job I'm sure then that they'll still be proud to say I'm proud of my daddy the coal [Music] miner there is a great future in the cold industry because let's face it that's what our energy is all about because as we know today the coal mines is is what's making the world move right now mining has a lot more skills to it than people realize because it's not everybody can just walk in there and get on a piece of equipment and run it majority of the men today in the coal mines have got a high school education some of them got some college everybody can't be can't be president there got you've got to have labors to have industry and that's my chosen profession it's just a fascinating industry you have to go into the coal mines to realize how different it is from anything else sure it's dirty but it's getting more modern every day and every day and it just seemed like that's all I ever wanted to do I went to the service come home from the service and beg like hell to get in the mine I like it I never leave it our unit what I work on I consider it a family I would say the average coal miner horse plays [Music] around it's just a common thing among a bunch of men you know if you work together day and if you just went to work and just done your job and went home it'd get awful [Music] boring well I think for the most part uh majority of the miners they seem to go at things with a feeling of ease perhaps due to the danger Factor it may be sort of an expression of you know why Rush why not stop you know to smell the roses or something well I think everybody calls everybody hey buddy in the mind because they know that that's what they really mean they mean that uh a buddy is looking out for them I first went in the mine and I thought where in the hell am I it's dark there was no windows I was very scared then you start working with different people going to mine and you find out that mining is pretty safe it's as safe as you make it and everybody else looks out for one another so everybody knows that when they go in there if they skimp on safety and don't do their job not only does it affect them but it affects their brothers that are in the M with them and their sisters so everybody sort of watches out for the other guy I've been on the Mind Rescue Team for 3 or 4 years now the reason I joined it was because it got family that works in the co mines and I always thought one of these days it might be my brother that I might have to go after or Uncle mine into the track my brother's on a m Rescue Team too so I know if something would have to be he'd be willing to come and try to get me on the track heading if you see anything bad top or anything like that make sure you mark it on your map if anybody feels sick nausea let us know and we'll come back [Music] okay we practice once a month on a training session for the Mind rescue we train in rock dust and smoke to get used to working in dust and foggy and cloudy areas so if we actually go to an actual for we'll be used to the dust and smoke and [Music] cloudiness [Music] why you don't step in the water [Music] there okay now look here all of you come here and gather around right here I want to show you [Music] something now the ground hog that was in this hole probably still in here asleep now they hibernate for the winter the female will have their babies while they're hibernating when they wake up in the spring they've already had their young what she'll do is she'll carry she'll come out and she'll take toughs of grass you know and she'll carry it in her mouth she'll take it into the hole and she'll get down in the hole and she'll build herself a nest when she gets this cavity she'll take this grass and it'll be you know a lot of great amounts of it and it'll just be like a big nest there of this grass and that helps her that helps to keep her warm and like I say she digs her tunnel in and it's something like coal mining she goes in under the ground and veers off in different directions like like the coal mine the coal mine goes in one main one main heading they call it then they'll Veer off one side off another and and make different Go in different directions to get the coal in all the areas she does the same thing she goes off in One Direction and maybe makes a small cavity she [Music] around e the use of explosives in the mining industry has always been a potentially hazardous business hey Dave let's go ahead and drill that next ho out well you better check it check that bootle be sure it hold clear n forget it go ahead and drill it out [Music] the first priority of the mining industry must always be the health and safety of the miners every effort should be made to avoid blasting accidents charting what happened feel best we you understand he was standing right here Shel out for his snake hle David had just got through drilling that hole there and he moved up to this one here and keep evidently raised up it load him over and his head would land right there and his feet will land up here you know Charlie miners have been told time and time again not to drill in boot legs well there's one guy that could drill in anymore the fact is blasting materials today are safer and more controllable than ever before why should needless accidents continue to occur gentlemen we're Gathering here an attempt to gather the fact in examining blasting accident the answer seems clear the vast majority are caused by violations of one or more explosive safety regulation are some drawings that were sketched at the scene of the accident the although records show that violations and accidents occur in transportation and storage it is in the use of explosives that most fatalities and injuries occur underground mining in metal and non-metal operations covers a wide variety of ore and GE ological conditions shot sizes and drilling angles for this reason blast plans are established and should be followed as closely as [Music] possible while each operation is responsible for establishing its own specific procedures there are some basic safety procedures that should always be followed when blasting these procedures into four categories drilling loading detonation and post blast examination let's look at each step to see how accidents can be [Music] prevented before drilling actually begins loose material should be barred [Music] down regulations state that the area must be inspected for hazards one of the hazards could be undetonated explosives the area should be thoroughly examined for evidence of misfires if undetonated explosives or detonators are discovered they should be reported to the proper supervisor and should be disposed of before other work is performed in the area in addition to visual observation blasting galvanometers should be used to test for continuity and resistance on any electric blasting cap wires that are found only when you are convinced that the area is free from misfires and other hazards should drilling begin drilling pattern calculations can be quite complex they include various elements that will assure a good blast with minimum Hazard the number depth spacing and angle of the bore holes must be considered as well as the amount and type of explosives and detonators as each hole is completed it should be checked for obstructions before moving on to the next often the only inspection tool a driller has is the drill itself with experience the driller develops a feel for the drill steel as he removes [Music] it when all holes appear to be properly drilled and in good shape the next step May [Music] [Music] begin the choice of explosives and detonators like the blast plan is a decision based on a number of variables technology is providing safer more controllable blasting products but these new products like older ones must be handled properly to ensure [Music] safety when transporting explosives only the amount required for a particular blast should be brought to the [Music] site if Electric blasting caps are used all electrically operated equipment within 50 ft of bore holes containing electric blasting caps should be deenergized okay [Music] than stray current test should be conducted the maximum tolerable stray current is 005 amps through a 1 ohm resistor loading should begin as close as possible to blasting time a tamping pole made of non-sparking material is used to test for obstructions the hole punch too should be made of non-sparking material the primer should always be prepared immediately prior to loading it into the drill hole the electric blasting cap should be inserted deep within the cartridge to help in preventing it from being accidentally pulled out [Music] for further protection the cap lead should be firmly tied around the cartridge to minimize the possibility of misfires the primer cartrid should be loaded with the cap pointing toward the [Music] collar the timer should never be tamped directly but should have one or more cartridges between it and the tamping pole to act as a cushion usually two or three light blows are sufficient to produce good compaction sometimes a steady push is all that's [Music] needed with experience the loader will develop the field for proper tapping [Music] once charging operations have been completed all unused explosives and detonators should be removed to a safe [Music] location special precautions should be taken in mines employing pneumatic loading powder being blown through the hose can cause a buildup of an electrostatic charge which can cause initiation of both electrical and non-electrical detonators okay it is essential therefore to dissipate this buildup of static electricity the hose must be semiconductive and proper grounding of equipment is extremely important [Music] lightning can detonate electric blasting caps below the ground as well as above for distances up to several miles if an electrical storm is detected while blasting electrical charging shall be suspended in shaft sinking tunneling and other operations telephone call for Larry Hello Larry yeah Harry an electrical storm will hit here in about 10 minutes get your blasters out of the face area bad lightning storm be here in about 10 minutes I'll tell them all Personnel shall be withdrawn to a safe location within the [Music] mine one more hey fellas I just got a call from upstairs and there's a bad storm coming so we better shut this stuff up if you're you know ready we'll get out of here for a while good luck take [Music] right the use of electric blasting caps requires that resistance and continuity tests must be [Music] made accident data show that a variety of instruments have been used to conduct these tests some have had the sufficient current to set off the [Music] charge only approved blasting galvanometers or instruments designed for testing electric blasting caps should be used to test blasting circuits and components of course blasting lines must be kept shunted except when being tested until immediately before blasting [Music] [Music] loading and testing according to approved procedures is the best way to assure a proper blast and the elimination of misfires and their hazards [Music] yeah we have reached the most critical step in the entire blasting process [Music] detonation explosives should always be handled by experienced miners or others under their direct supervision it is especially important in this stage that only authorized individuals be in involved say do about Corner Char get ready having one person in charge eliminates communication problems that can cause confusion and accident regulations require that the blast area be barricaded posted flagged or guarded against unauthorized entry pre-arranged timetables and signals must be completely understood this is especially important in underground mining where visibility is limited all persons must be cleared and removed from areas endangered by the blast and it is the guard's responsibility to allow no one to enter the blast area setting off a blast if you have to hold up a minute consideration must be given to toxic F fumes as well as the concussion and fly Rock when establishing safe distances [Music] once the pre-arranged blasting time has been reached ample warning must be given fire hole fire theole fire [Music] hole immediately after a blast smoke d dust and toxic fumes fill the site creating a hazardous condition under no circumstances should anyone be allowed to re-enter the area until it has cleared after the smoke and fumes have cleared and the roof has been inspected faces and muuk piles should be thoroughly examined for undetonated explosives look for powder wires or other evidence of misfires electric blasting cap leg wires should be tested with a blasting galvanometer evidence of misfire should be reported to the proper supervisor and any undetonated explosives disposed of before other work is performed in the area it must be understood that blasting is an art okay hold it an art that takes years of experience to master it is not uncommon to encounter unusual situations that are not covered by established procedures oh we got blocked ho here if it should happen to you don't let your actions exceed your knowledge when lives are at stake you can't afford to count on guesses if you have a question what we going to do about that CL ask for help we could load it on out well we could the Federal Regulations written by the Mind safety and health administration are not suggestions figure out what want that's a good idea they're the law their sole purpose is to protect you the steps outline follow Federal explosive safety regulations and apply to all underground mine blasting but each mine operation has its own unique conditions which may necessitate additional safety rules these as well as the Federal Regulations are designed for your benefit to keep you and your fellow miners from being involved in accidents remember detonators should be securely embedded and properly directed within the cartridge proper placement of the primer in the boore hole and careful handling of the blasting leads will also reduce the number of misfires it is especially important to remember that injuries and deaths can be greatly reduced by properly clearing posting and guarding all blast sites and by using clearly defined Communications fire aole fire aole fire aole and ample warning [Music] signals if every minor complied with these regulations the great majority of blasting related accidents could be [Music] avoided