AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 8-7-2023

thank you hi everybody I'm skip Alzheimer welcome to the AV Geeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 millimeter films and reflect on our lives uh that was thanks to Eugene Castle uh the southern I'm sorry South American Vista where they probably took either newsreel footage or someone who traveled to South America and cobbled together a kind of a travel log that happens a lot this one didn't have sound but some of the castle films did have sound and as a reminder Castle films were actually distributed almost entirely for home use uh there were some early ones that I think have theatrical releases but I think that they made most of their money from releasing uh in camera stores like where you bought your your projector and your camera and your film and had it processed you could also buy these short subjects that castle put out and I've seen some people actually have like a cool like illuminated sign some of them had like a spinner rack and I've seen catalogs so it's kind of great um anyways yeah we're watching old films it's Monday uh wow what do I want to start off with man so many options here um let's do simple demonstrations with air enjoy [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] do you think this glass is empty actually it's full full of air is all around us we can't see air but by performing some simple demonstrations we can see many of the things it does we can see that this glass is full of air when I push it under water the air in the glass takes up space and prevents the water from entering so air occupies space let's demonstrate this again this glass has a hole in it I'll cover the hole with my finger to keep the air in the glass water cannot enter Because air is occupying the space when I allow the air to escape the water comes in and takes its place we know the air in this ball is taking up space this weight just balances the ball suppose I put more air into the ball will it be lighter or heavier with more air in it with this air pump I'll put more air into the ball now let's weigh it it is heavier with more air in it so air has weight let's demonstrate this in another way this can contains air when I place it in water it barely floats now since air has weight what will happen to the can if I add air from this hose will it be heavier yes the can sinks adding more air added enough weight to the can to cause it to sink this can is full of air but I'm going to dry some of it out I'll put some water in the can and this hot plate will boil the water changing it to steam the water is boiling now and the steam is filling the can driving the air out carefully to avoid getting burned I'll take the can off the hot plate and put the cap on as the steam inside the can cools it condenses back into water taking up less space now there is less air inside the can than there was before watch with the air pushing against the outside of the can is doing the can is being crushed by the air pressing on it we say air pressure is crushing the can air exerts pressure we had very little air pressure inside the can the air pressure around it was much greater great enough to crush the can what would happen if the air pressure around the container were much less than the pressure inside it we can find out with these two glass cubes they're filled with air and sealed so the air cannot Escape this pump called a vacuum pump can remove much of the air from this jar as the air is removed from the jar the pressure around the cubes is becoming less and less but the pressure inside the cubes Remains the Same pushing out on them now watch closely as the air pressure around the cubes becomes much less than the air pressure inside the cubes foreign [Music] we've seen two effects of changing air pressure this balloon will help us see what happens as the air pressure changes in the jar I'll pump the air out of the jar as the air is removed from the jar pressure around the balloon becomes less and the greater pressure inside the balloon causes it to expand now I'll let air back into the jar as the air pressure increases it pushes in on the balloon making it smaller the balloon does not change in size when the pressure inside and outside the balloon is the same that's why our bodies are not crushed by air pressure there is pressure inside our bodies that is the same as the air pressure outside our bodies How great is the air pressure around us here's one way we can measure air pressure this glass tube is sealed at one end I'll fill the tube with mercury a liquid metal now the tube is completely filled with Mercury and there is no air left in it I'll place the open end in this bowl of Mercury to measure the column of mercury I'll attach it to this yardstick now do you know what I've made it's a simple barometer here's how it works we know the space at the top of the tube contains no air because the tube was filled with Mercury so there is no air pressing down on the top of the Mercury column but at the bottom of the barometer there is air pressing down on the mercury in the bowl this air pressure holds the Mercury up in the tube by measuring the height of the column of mercury we can measure the air pressure at sea level normal air pressure will hold up about 30 inches of mercury now let's see what will happen if we change the air pressure on the Mercury to change the air pressure we'll use a barometer sealed in this tall jar the jar is connected to the vacuum pump in such a way that I can pump air into the jar as well as out of it changing the air pressure on the Mercury of course this will change the pressure more than it would ever change in our atmosphere when I use the pump to remove air from the jar the pressure supporting the Mercury column becomes less column of mercury gets lower now I'll pump air into the jar as the pressure increases the column of mercury gets higher by measuring the height of the Mercury column we can measure the change in air pressure scientists know that when the air pressure around us changes the weather usually changes so measuring the height of the Mercury column helps us in predicting the weather many newspapers tell what the barometer reading is every day so air is all around us and even though we can't see it we can see the things it does let's remember what we've seen air occupies space air has weight and air exerts pressure these are three important facts we need to know as we learn more about air and air pressure [Music] you guys crack me up in the comments the Freddie Mercury and then sing the song about pressure oh my goodness all right here's a uh a film that I would love to be updated and shown to everyone current events understanding and evaluating them enjoy these students have been trying to arrive at a set of criteria for understanding and evaluating current events let's see the criteria they select the first one is reliability of information how reliable is the information we get about current events consider a football game for example if we want an accurate and complete picture of what happens on the playing field probably the best thing to do is to go to the game and see it for ourselves [Applause] consider other events that we may observe firsthand an automobile accident is something else that we may see the events we observe personally however are just a small part of the many happenings that occur in the world every day to learn about the complete range of current events we rely on the observations of others as reported in television radio magazines and newspapers since we rely so much on the observations of others it's important for us to question the reliability of the information we receive let's consider the reporting of a local fire how reliable a report are we likely to get will we get as accurate a story of the fire as the local residents who are observing it firemen may be pouring water on the Flames long before a news reporter manages to reach the scene [Applause] by the time a reporter arrives he's already missed the beginning of the event even the things he sees now will not all be written down [Applause] later when he phones the information into The Newsroom there are other possibilities of error he will be rushing to send his information into the news office where it will be received by a rewrite man using the principal facts as given to him the rewrite man may make further changes involving emphasis interpretation and style when the story is brought to the editor he may make further changes the final story having passed through many hands with possibilities of error and different interpretations at each step maybe something less than a completely reliable report of the fire what about the reports we get from television television makes use of the motion picture camera to bring us a visual report yet the cameraman also has difficulty getting to the fire and capturing the entire event on film once the film gets to the TV station there is still the process of selection and editing only a few of the most exciting scenes may be selected and these do not tell the complete story remember also that another reporter May reach the scene only after the fire is over he will have to interview Witnesses some who participated in the event and some who merely observed it Witnesses often give confused and contradictory accounts yet much of the information reported to us comes from such third and fourth hand accounts we can see then that to judge reliability of information we must ask ourselves questions such as was the reporter on the scene was he qualified to interpret what he saw another Criterion we might consider is consequence what happens as a result of a particular event we can understand this Criterion if we think for a moment about the importance of events is this an important event is this what about this event how can we judge the importance of current events by their consequence consider some of the events we view from the perspective of History in 1943 for example thousands of events were reported in the papers which of these events are remembered today as having been important was the world series of 1943 an important event the tense battle between the Yankees and Cardinals involved the interest of Millions it was exciting to watch but the consequence of this event was slight few people today would remember who won or who lost in contrast consider the American invasion of Italy that same year this event of the second world war directly affected the survival and future welfare of millions of people it had tremendous consequence that's why this event is recorded in the pages of our history books the consequence of an event may be considered in two ways consequence in relation to time and consequence in relation to place for an example of consequence in relation to time let's consider the successful flights achieved by the Wright brothers at the turn of the century the consequence of these events extended to World War One when airplanes were first used as weapons to 1918 when President Wilson instituted the first air mail service in the United States to 1927 when the first solo flight across the Atlantic was completed by Charles Lindbergh each subsequent development in the history of Aviation can be considered as a consequence in time related to The Happenings of an event that occurred over half a century ago what about the future consequence of a present-day event is it likely that this event will trigger other events in the next 10 20 or 50 years we must try to judge consequence in relation to time if we are to gain an understanding of current events now let's consider consequence in relation to place we might ask ourselves how much of the world will be affected think about an event such as the outbreak of war in Korea although the place of this event was within one small country its consequence spread Beyond Korea Beyond China and other countries of East Asia until the conflict involved almost all of the major nations of the world in the United Nations at that time 52 countries voted to give military aid to the Republic of Korea so people from many lands felt the consequence of this event this consequence in place is what made the event so important we have seen three criteria that might be used to evaluate current events reliability of information consequence in relation to time and consequence in relation to place of course while these criteria have been selected by this class there are many other criteria which we may prefer for our own use the important thing to remember is that each of us needs to develop a critical approach for analyzing and evaluating current events if we are to gain a clear useful understanding of the Affairs of our world today awesome yeah would love to update that and think about the shortcuts that have been taken to get you information um let's see what do we got do do I think it's time to learn no okay we're gonna do this we're gonna go I got a lot of options right now so uh behind me is a uh film scanner so we're gonna watch that but I'm gonna have to change the name of the film to social development enjoy [Music] [Applause] the Jones family arriving at the beach for the summer greet their old friends the Browns hi and this is Linda what a lovely baby she is she's got her mommy's brown eyes hasn't she she is a wonderful baby but she just doesn't know what this is all about do you the Browns and the Joneses are interested in each other's children they've watched them play together each summer since they were born they've noticed the differences each year as the children grow through different stages Sandy Brown why how you've grown the children are glad to see each other too they don't know it but the way they play together during these years is important to their future happiness old friendships are renewed Pat hasn't seen bordie for a whole year but that doesn't make any difference you just pick up where you left off oh boy bare feet and new friendships are made it doesn't matter whether they've met before the important thing is what is she doing now the Browns and the Jones children and their friends are perfectly normal children let's see how they feel about other people as they grow up Little Sandy who is one and a half likes to be near people but he plays happily by himself for hours just enjoying his own power of moving things around experimenting he is interested in other babies but he doesn't know how to say how do you do in a grown-up way this is how he establishes contact it's not dislike of the victim it's another experiment [Music] he is beginning to assert his individuality psychologists call it negativism [Music] Brown getting angry just makes the situation worse because then everybody's angry insistence on obedience at this age is a sure way to develop a future negative behavior [Music] I'd rather have this age they can't get away from you that's the age all right you put them down and they stay there and they can't talk either I get so tired so I don't know if you can see if I can move this is all wrapped up but oops I just disconnected the webcam there it is that's kind of flaky I was going to show you that basically the the film sorry warping off the reel and then I basically took down a webcam while I was trying to show you that ah Monday Monday Monday all right uh let's watch bicycle safety rules of the road enjoy [Music] foreign trip be sure that your bicycle is in good shape of course it has to be the right size bicycle and be adjusted to fit you it also has to be outfitted with all the safety equipment required in your state and community a last-minute safety check won't take too much time and the time it does take is well worth it you don't want any breakdowns blowouts or Fall Offs on your trip check to see if your headlamp is in good working order do your tires have the correct air pressure in them and finally check your brakes by taking your bike on a short test run you must have good working brakes to drive on the street as you can see a bicycle is made for one person to drive driving double leads to trouble no matter where you are your bike was built for one person and that's you there your bike is ready to go but are you if you need to carry anything on a bike trip such as a waterproof jacket in case of rain be sure to put it in a small backpack that will not interfere with your bicycle driving so let's go but let's go safely and that includes stopping at the end of your driveway left right and left again for traffic before entering the street on a day like this it's great to own a bike you can see so much more feel so much more besides you are in command of how far you go and how fast hi are you ready to go okay let's follow the rules of the road you drive it in much the same way an automobile driver drives a car [Music] foreign the basic rule for driving a safe vehicle and that includes your bike is to obey all the traffic signs and signals you see a stop sign is one of the most important this means you must stop and look for oncoming traffic in the intersection when there is no traffic across the intersection quickly this sign is to tell drivers that a school crosswalk is nearby and to watch for children and this means there is a crosswalk ahead where school children cross the street ever has to watch for school children just as much as a car driver does foreign you should know what all the signs on the road mean and what you are supposed to do when you see them you should always use your left hand to tell other vehicles when you intend to stop or turn this hand signal indicates that you are going to slow down and stop [Music] it is best to signal for at least half a block or a hundred feet before you stop or turn [Music] this hand signal is for a left turn [Music] this hand signal is for a right turn the automobiles sometimes fail to notice bicycles so Drive defensively remember you are not as protected on a bike as in a car s can go much faster than you and they are much heavier as well so never argue with them instead let them go first [Applause] if you intend to turn where there is no stop sign you should still make a hand signal so that Vehicles behind you know what you're going to do it is of course important that people see you at all times when you drive your bike but it's very important for them to see you when you are about to make a left turn because it's the most dangerous it's especially important to remember this when you approach an intersection with traffic lights [Applause] traffic lights are placed in intersections with heavy automobile traffic and you should not try to drive through them if you want to turn left or just cross the street get off your bike press the button if there is one and wait for a green light or walk signal across the street as you would if you were a pedestrian refers to one intersection then to the other this is called squaring the corner and it's the safest way to make a left turn at a busy intersection if you do not feel safe where there is heavy automobile traffic remember you can always get off your bike and walk as a pedestrian if you want to or if there's a Bikeway alongside the Busy Highway Drive on it and watch for parked Vehicles because you never know what the other guy is going to do he may do this [Applause] this [Applause] or this if a car stops in the street like this you must signal with your hand and stop [Applause] avoid driving your bike in heavy traffic drive your bike reasonably and responsibly and this means Drive in single file it's not only dangerous but against the law in some states to drive your bike alongside another drive with the flow of traffic not against it and keep to the right [Applause] you should be aware of road conditions as you drive your bike watch out for obvious hazards and exercise more caution on wet streets where your tires might slip [Applause] if you drive down a steep hill slow up before starting downhill and if you have gears on your bike shift to the High View [Applause] [Music] use good judgment with your speed and only drive as fast as is safe for you remember good brakes and control of your bike are very important when you are driving fast by now it might seem to you that there are more bike rules and regulations than there are Parts on a bicycle and there are a lot of signs signals and rules to remember [Applause] trips are so much fun because where there are no people and no other traffic you can use your bike for sports and just plain fun driving here there are no road signs so you must rely completely on your common sense because you can have an accident here just as easily as you can in the city while you are driving in the country watch for bumps rocks and other road hazards don't ever go so fast that you aren't able to stop safely and quickly all of these rules and regulations both in the country and in the city are really made for you they are made in hopes that you won't be involved in one of the million bicycle accidents that happen each year an accident can happen because a reckless bicycle driver like this one didn't follow the rules of the road or because he drove an unsafe bike [Applause] if you fail to follow the rules of the road you may like any other vehicle on the street be stopped because you have become a hazard to others and to yourself most likely this won't happen to you if you keep your bike in good condition and if you use common sense while driving it and Common Sense includes knowing when to start home after your trip is done after a good morning and afternoon of driving it's smart to head home well before dark after all the rules of the road were made for you so you can drive safely [Music] oh yeah okay great I actually just got a new bike I was gonna ride it today but it was potentially going to be 107 degrees today so I was like yeah I don't think I can do that but I will be riding my bike to work at some point as a way to kind of sneak in a little bit more exercise to my sedentary lifestyle um so you can see now I have this white uh thing here and that's basically foam core uh what happened for the the film was it was coming off the Reel like this it was twisted so it was basically building up what I call Pottery where it basically is kind of cupped and then eventually it's kind of sits on itself in cups and then all falls off at some point so we're gonna try it again uh we're gonna watch a little bit I have to get rewinded a little bit but um here is uh Social Development um already in progress I'm crossing my fingers enjoy before the important thing is what is she doing now the Browns and the Jones children and their friends are perfectly normal children let's see how they feel about other people as they grow up Little Sandy who is one and a half likes to be near people but he plays happily by himself for hours just enjoying his own power of moving things around experimenting he is interested in other babies but he doesn't know how to say how do you do in a grown-up way this is how he establishes contact it's not dislike of the victim it's another experiment [Music] he is beginning to assert his individuality psychologists call it negativism [Music] hit Mrs Brown getting angry just makes the situation worse because then everybody's angry insistence on obedience at this age is a sure way to develop a future negative behavior [Applause] [Music] I'd rather have this age they can't get away from you that's the age all right you put them down and they stay there and they can't talk either I get so tired of hearing mommy give me this mommy Alexa you don't talk like that do you oh she's at the shy age isn't she don't be shy Linda let Francis see you smile yes Linda likes people especially if she knows that Mommy is right with her it's fun to be able to do just what the big people do two is an age of parallel play they like to be near other children but they don't really play with them Susie has discovered that she can do all kinds of things by herself and she is completely occupied Jay is very busy too if there is any exchange it's likely to be pretty primitive by about three there is a better understanding of how to play together especially if there are enough toys to go around Roddy Jones who was three has mastered enough speech so that he can play with other children without grabbing and pushing at this age sex religion and social status are unimportant kids are fun and it doesn't matter how much money their parents have or what color their skin is make believe play becomes increasingly important three or four-year-olds go beyond just pretending to be other people or animals they begin to use anything they find around to create imaginary situations such as boats made of cardboard boxes three is a delightful age but nevertheless three is the peak age for quarreling there's a scrap every few minutes and they're not fooling but it's usually only lasts about 30 seconds the preschooler doesn't hold a grudge lunchtime come along Roddy no no play is important at this age routine matters like eating and sleeping can always wait [Music] but at about three he begins to conform to other people's wishes Mrs Jones is thankful that Roddy is past the No-No stage when he refused to do everything but her thankfulness may be short-lived all right that's enough Braden Braden stop that Braden Don't splash mummy you see what I mean you won't enjoy it very much down here I honestly don't know what I'm going to do with Graydon he's simply terrible won't do a thing I tell him to I had the same trouble with Pat at that age don't you remember two years ago he was the worst child on the beach Norm says I'm too easy on him I spank him often enough but nothing seems to have any effect practice seemed to get over it he's not too bad now it seems to me that most four-year-olds are impossible that's what a great many parents of four-year-olds think the four is active to say the least his play makes sense to him but to adults nearby it may seem unreasonable and annoying he has more muscular control and he loves to show it off in fact showing off is often one of his favorite sports the four is usually a truly social being there is still a great deal of Play Between the Sexes but tradition has begun to Bear down and girls begin to be girls by five they are even better organized and they like to play with others of their own level of ability their play becomes more sensible to adults the unreasoning aggression of the earlier years Fades into the dawning of the competitive spirit leadership begins to show size age in relation to the group and intelligence all count the leader must win the confidence of his friends and then retain his position by starting new games and providing Pleasant experiences for the Gang a child who has not played with Children of his own age may have difficulty in making adjustments that the others have made earlier because he doesn't know how to give and take he may be the butt of teasing or if he's bigger he may try to assert himself by bullying the smaller children it's better if he learns to play with kids when he's little Pat Jones is six now and he belongs to a gang family and immediate neighbors are not as important as they were the gang dominates what he wears and even how he wears it it influences what he thinks and the way he speaks about this age most parents think that their child has fallen under the evil influence of a neighbor's child and the neighbor very likely thinks the same thing but while Pat has achieved his place in the group mother is still very important he is at the push-pull age when he wants to move out into the wider world but yet he feels the tug of home now Mrs Jones has a chance to help him feel that he can be a proper member of the gang and yet not let down the standards of the Jones family gangs develop among both sexes but at this age the Gang has not yet become formal there is much dissension within the ranks accusations of cheating tattling whispering enemies one moment can be bosom friends the next during these years the thing we call popularity becomes well established it depends on many things appearance is important but friendliness enthusiasm and adaptability count for a great deal usually it is related to the amount of outgoing energy that the child expends the popular child is not necessarily the prettiest nor the best but she is outstanding in some way among children hidden virtues remain hidden although the quiet child May really be happier than the favorite at the opposite pole is the child who has no friends perhaps she is different from the crowd too intelligent or too dull or she may be insecure because of overprotective parents or because of an unfortunate experience with people again there's the Avid Reader who gets more excitement from books than from social contacts and there's the child who is so busy with his own interests that he hasn't time for other children there are so many things to do why bother with other people Wendy would you look after pat if I let him go to the pier to swim I certainly won't if you can't look out for himself he doesn't need to go I'm going over to Nancy's what do you do with a child like that you won't believe it but she's always had a very nice disposition I know exactly how you feel Jane is just as bad always making scenes and criticizing the rest of the family sometimes I think the older they get the worse they are patients mothers of nine-year-olds they're reaching the princess stage it's true that their most Charming manners and their demonstrations of affection are usually saved for outside of home if they're in the mood they can be Angelic and helpful but often their family life is full of conflicts mothers must be very understanding to let them have their heads and yet give them the guidance that they need but there is comfort in the knowledge that they will soon reach the leveling off period that usually comes with adolescence the child and her teens can enjoy the family more and can enter into a group of friends with less intense quarreling or taking sides Mrs Jones and Mrs Brown like most mothers watch with love and anxiety while their children grow up they know that one of the hardest tasks of this growing up is to make the social adjustments that are necessary for happy living in a world of complicated human relationships Linda is a self-centered little person interested only in her own feelings in a few short years she will stand on the threshold of adolescence will she be able to face the confusing inner urges and the outward pressures of society with the understanding help of her parents she will if like Roddy she finds a happy relationship with them based on mutual respect for each other's wishes if like Pat she accepts the Friendship of her contemporaries and contributes her share to it and if she does all this without submerging her own individuality she'll reach the trying teams with a good Prospect of Happiness Ahead [Music] in a boot a boot crawly films was a Canadian educational film company who did stuff for McGraw-Hill but also they did their own films and they did stuff for National filmbor to Canada and I met someone who is a film archivist whose father actually worked for Crowley films was really fascinating to kind of talk to him and uh yeah their stuff is really great that all that Social Development stuff this is part of a family uh Dynamics this is what you would learn if you got a degree college degree in home economics essentially this would teach you about Child Development so that when you were raising a kid you would understand what is going on like what is the deal with this kid there's a very uh there's another National film Board of Canada series that actually goes through every two years um to to teach about like the developmental changes of kids and what they all seem to go through it's it's fascinating to kind of see but thanks for tuning in today and thanks for bearing with me with all the technical issues uh I'm just going to say this uh I hate Elgato the company that makes my webcam and I'm going to be looking for another webcam because if I just look at it wrong it goes out and it's really frustrating so there you go uh anyways if you like what you saw hit the Thumbs Up Hit the Subscribe for some reason notification wasn't working today and it's it's frustrating because I don't quite know how to tell YouTube like hey step it up because it's all uh machines um and uh let's see what else is going on uh you can also donate money so I can buy a new webcam if you go to KO Dash fi.com avgeeks or patreon.com Geeks or you can donate in these super thanks uh with super thanks in the comments in YouTube uh if you have a short attention span check out ticktalk.com avgeek Dot Geeks no at av.geeks it's it's written right there I mean it's it's annoying um I have someone who's putting up little short clips of uh films and we're seeing if there's any interest if the tick tock world has any interest in what we do here like the YouTube world does well thanks again for tuning in and we'll see you tomorrow Tuesday I should say if you're in the area uh I'm gonna be doing a show tomorrow at the Alamo Drafthouse in the video Vortex Lounge it's the dog days of summer so we're showing some great films about dogs um that's at seven o'clock tomorrow Tuesday everybody have a great rest of your Monday and we'll see you soon take care