AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 6-27-2023

thank you hi everybody I'm skip Alzheimer welcome to the 80 lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 millimeter films and kind of scratch our heads um that one was great it wasn't too hard to figure out it uh had some phenomenal nature footage well nature footage uh various animals uh cavortin and eating um always a hit I mean I think even contemporary footage I think people love seeing animals doing what they do uh into that one came from 1931 so what how old is that that is 31 um it's old uh 31. that would be 90 yeah I'm sorry my math is very poor somebody can write it in the comments I am got up early today to 92 Years thank you um let's watch some films about uh gravity or watch a film about gravity and it's called gravity [Music] you ever stop to wonder why it is that things seem to fall toward the Earth that's what Bob did one Saturday resting after a game of touch football and watching the Autumn Leaves drifting down from the trees almost everywhere you look you can see examples of the downward pulling Force known as gravity gravity pulls children down the slide in the playground gravity pulls down on a ball all the time even though you can kick the ball high into the air gravity keeps pulling and brings the ball back down what is this thing called gravity it even holds Bob down and airplanes have to use power to stay in the air Against Gravity Bob was wondering what would happen if there were no gravity and that's where I came in I know Bob I'm an engineer at the same plant as his dad so he asked me what I could tell him about why things seemed to fall toward the Earth well I was on my way down to the plant my suggested Bob come along we'd see what we could work out together gravity is so common that many people don't even stop to think about it our bodies and things all around us are held to the Earth yet there is more to gravity than that I explained to Bob to appreciate gravity you must understand what Sir Isaac Newton meant when he formulated the law of gravitation as it sometimes expressed mutual attraction exists between all bodies those are big words for a big idea but gravity's mutual attraction between bodies is something like the magnetic attraction between two magnets each is attracted to the other that's what we mean when we say that the attraction is mutual and just as in magnetism where a larger heavier magnet can have a greater attraction or pull so in Gravity the heavier the bodies the greater the gravitational pull Bob could understand mutual attraction between magnets but was there any mutual attraction between him and that desk for instance well that attraction is very small but it does exist we Engineers know that it does because we've measured the attraction with delicate instruments you measure gravity's attraction every time you weigh something now the Earth has a mass billions of times as much as Bob so it attracts him with considerable Force we measure that force to be 120 pounds and because my Mass is greater than Bob's 164 pounds is the measure of the mutual attraction between me and the Earth how does this attraction of gravity affect our solar system let's look at it in miniature suppose the Earth with the size of a grapefruit at the same scale the moon would be about the size of a golf ball and they would be about 10 feet apart nearly a mile away there would be another round object to say that water tank about 36 feet in diameter representing the Sun mutual attraction keeps these bodies in their places in the solar system why don't they come crashing into each other well it might happen if it were not for the fact that all heavenly bodies are traveling through space at tremendous speeds but the moon for instance doesn't go flying off in a straight line because of gravity's mutual attraction between the Earth and the moon which we can represent by a 10-foot string centrifugal force tends to keep the moon going in a straight line but the force of gravity represented by the string pulls it into a circular path or orbit for exactly the same reasons the Earth moves around the Sun in its own much larger orbit pulling the moon along with it Bob was worried about something if gravity's attraction is dependent on mass then does the little moon have less attraction than the Sun I was pleased Bob was really trying to figure this thing out he was almost understanding Newton's law of gravitation gravity does depend directly on the masses involved but it's inversely proportional to the distance to the square of the distance if two objects are moved twice as far apart the pull of gravity is one-fourth so there's our sun almost 400 times farther from the earth than the moon it all made sense Bob said the greater the distance the less the attraction of gravity when you understand how the attraction of gravity falls off as the square of the distance you appreciate how spaceships May travel by rocket to the moon or to other planets I've been playing around figuring space travel and the pull of gravity works like this I told Bob say you're here at the surface of the Earth four thousand miles from its Center that's the radius of the Earth four thousand miles you weigh 120 Palms that's normal here at the surface but you take off in a spaceship now you're out four thousand miles from the surface really eight thousand miles from the center of the Earth being twice as far from Earth's center cuts the pull of Earth's gravity to one-fourth he'd weigh only 30 pounds the attraction of gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance and up here you must use rocket force in Reverse to overcome the moon's gravity and prevent a crash I had some movies there of the first experimental rocket flights the force of the rocket motor overcomes the force of gravity and slowly lifts the ship but these early Rockets went only about 100 miles up before they ran out of energy and gravity pulled them back to Earth so Bob had a better understanding of gravity the mutual attraction between bodies and then he said he'd always thought of down as this way but actually to a person at this point on the earth this way is down to a person here this way is done this person is not upside down as long as you're on or near the Earth down is toward the center of the earth this gravity is attracting everything solid things liquids and even gases the air around us every time you lift something you're working against the pool of gravity but we put gravity to work too we hoist coal into trucks and let gravity pull it down into our basement and in the furnace the coal heats the water for our radiators when the air around is warmed it expands becoming lighter than the cold air around it so gravity pulls the heavier cold air down forcing the warm air to circulate and heat the entire room and so it was that the Curiosity about leaves falling down from trees led to an understanding of gravity's mutual attraction between bodies and its importance to our solar system and to so many things on earth for example Bob can figure out the part that the force of gravity plays in drinking through a straw can you can you um man I love science films from that time period the especially the ones that are very focused on kind of home experimentation so you know spinning the thing in the air and all these things uh I like certainly like going to the lab or seeing diagrams and animations but just showing some basic like look see what you can do with the spinning a bucket in the air and the water doesn't fall out stuff like that big fan um what do we got here Let's uh guide children through growth enjoy [Music] [Music] [Music] this is my fifth grade class in our social studies period we're studying a unit on American pioneer life to the children these songs and dances represent one phase of the culmination of their activities on this unit I'm Mrs Carlton their teacher to me the most important outcome of these activities is the growth and development of the children themselves guiding and nurturing this growth is my most important job it means a constant awareness of each child as an individual in terms of his abilities his problems his needs for example there's Randy Randy has particular difficulty in Reading I watched Randy and soon realized that he needed help but first I had to find out a little more about him I studied Randy's cumulative record perhaps the comments thereby other teachers might give me a clue as to how I might help him through the grades the picture was similar Randy was a well-liked member of his group and an attentive student but a distinctly slow reader this has affected his schoolwork in several areas I visited Randy's mother in the course of the conversation I found that Randy's parents were concerned about his reading I also found that Randy was quite skilled with his hands and spent a great deal of time making models he did some reading at home in connection with his interest in model building but his willingness to read did not carry over to his schoolwork I felt I could capitalize on this interest it's such a nice visit with your mother yesterday Randy yeah she told me she showed me the model ship you've made and some of the other models too where do you get the ideas for those things Randy I like to look at the pictures of boats and planes in the newspaper and I like to look through books and magazines on models and how to make things well I have a book here I thought might interest you I'd like to see what you think of it there's an article here about making model houses since you're in the group that's decided to make a model of Daniel Boone's cabinet I thought you might like to look at it uh-huh it's really quite easy to read by appealing to his interests and showing appreciation for his abilities I felt I'd taken an important step in helping Randy with his reading Randy was only one member of the class others had different needs there was Kathy early in the year I had noticed Kathy's excessive shyness even though the other children liked her she's tended to stay somewhat apart Kathy was new to our school this year I tried to make her feel at home but I hadn't been too successful so I decided to see Kathy's Mother after she was settled in her new home I phoned to ask if she would come to school some afternoon during her visit I learned that the family had lived in four different parts of the country in the past six years her mother was concerned over Kathy's shyness because she wasn't that way at all when she was younger in fact her mother went on even now Kathy's full of fun when she's just with the family this conversation helped me in an understanding of some of the possible reasons for Kathy's shyness I tried to encourage Kathy to take a more active role in the group life around her they've been reading and I want you to do something for me would you yes I wonder if you'd go around and and find out when they'll be ready to make their book reports I have to go around ask them when they're ready to give their book reports and write them all down yes that's right Laura yes what's your book report going to be on Black Beauty it's about a horse and when do you want to get it next Monday I like it so much I'm going to finish it over the weekend all right what book are you going to report on Philip hand sprinkler or the silver skates oh Kathy wait a second yes were there any Girl Scout Troops in Portland yes but I didn't belong do you think you might like to well maybe yes I mean if they wanted me to I don't know many of them very well I think they'd like to have you very much Kathy why don't you think about it okay goodbye Mrs Carson goodbye goodbye bye boys oh Edna yes are you girls going to a scout meeting today yes at three o'clock why don't you ask Kathy whether she'd like to join you know this is her first year here and she might know about your troop that's a good idea let's ask canancy okay goodbye of course these problems aren't solved overnight but children are resilient and respond to guidance Raymond was another child who needed special attention even though he elected to join the group building the model home he seemed unable to play a constructive role in the class he never seemed really interested in what the others were doing jerk Raymond why did you do that who me ultimately a smart alec and a clown Raymond was a very disturbing influence in the classroom my talks with him hadn't resulted in any positive changes in his classroom Behavior on the playground however his behavior as team captain was quite different Johnny Jack dick Randy okay okay here Raymond showed real organizational ability and Leadership how could I help turn these qualities into classroom assets I wondered if Raymond might be made responsible for the bulletin board or perhaps I might appoint him as an assistant on our next field trip I suddenly noticed Philip why Philip why aren't you playing baseball they've got the same number on each side already oh I'm sure you could fit in isn't there someone you could pair off with uh they don't want me to play with them they don't think I'm any good what opportunity would there be for helping Philip to be accepted by the other boys later that week such an opportunity came there won't be any this afternoon well avoid oh shucks and I brought my lucky mitt why can't these weathermen make up their minds my father said he read in the paper that it was going to be sunny today well forecasting the weather isn't quite so easy as it seems why not they got all those maps and things I brought my new myth to school and I can't even use it well maybe it'll clear up Philip your father works at the weather station doesn't he yes Mrs Carlton I remember you telling me recently that you are interested in weather too yes can you explain to the class what makes rain well let's see If I Only Had some ice cubes and a half glass of water I could show the class like my father showed me oh I think we can get those for you at the cafeteria dick when you go all right Mrs Carlton well rain is actually border that gets up into the Sky by rising from the ground everywhere water is going into the air all the time from Lakes from rivers and the ocean why can't you see it because it's there in the form of what is called vapor which becomes part of the air and can't be seen air can hold just so much water vapor the hotter the air gets the more water vapor it can hold you mean there is water vapor right here in the air in this room yes and it feels like very moist air today and that's important the moisture the air gets the better the experiment works here are the ice cubes thanks now watch this closely you notice the outside of the glass is dry you can feel it now I'm going to place some ice cubes in it watch the outside of the glass you see it's getting wet now why do you think that is is the glass sweating no glass Can't Sweat but I'll tell you what's really happening you see there is moisture right here in the air of this room now when the warm air of the room is chilled by the cold glass the warm air just around the glass gives up some of its water vapor in the form of little drops of water you can see these little droplets on the outside of the glass as more droplets form there they join together and begin to drip down the sides of the glass that is actually rain now rain Outdoors is caused the same way water vapor Rises into the air and moves around with the winds when the water vapor strikes cold air droplets form and when they join together it drops big enough to fall it starts to rain today right over this town the warm moist clouds were blown into cold air making it rain I think we all agree that each of us has gotten something from this fine explanation of the weather thank you very much Philip you know that's one of the nice things about school right here we can all get together and share some of the things we know and like each of us is better at some things than at others some of us may be especially good at drawing or sewing or baseball are explaining the weather but each of us knows something or can do something that the rest of us would find worthwhile learning [Applause] the next day it was sunny again and the ball game was in full swing Philip was on one of the teams and came to bat [Music] a teacher faces all sorts of problems for example what should be done when a child enters the classroom late especially if it happened several days in a row I decided something should be done but I wasn't yet sure what I asked Dorothy to see me after school that day actually there was good reason for Dorothy's lateness her mother was away each night caring for her grandmother who was very ill Dorothy had the responsibility each morning of getting herself and her younger brother ready for school their father was unable to help much since he left very early for work and the family couldn't get any other help I decided to explore what kind of help the community could give to Dorothy's family faced with a problem of this sort I couldn't help thinking how important it had been to find out the reason behind Dorothy's lateness had I first spoken any word of reprimand Dorothy's sense of justice a feeling of confidence in the adult world might have been impaired each child should have a chance for a reasonably wide range of expression in accordance with the child's interests and abilities a girl like Edna who had an unusual intellectual capacity could find types of satisfaction that most children don't need I tried to help Edna find records and books which would carry her further into the study of pioneer songs and dances than the others cared to go of course there are always problems which a classroom teacher cannot solve alone and which requires special attention there was Peter who stuttered I had learned from the cumulative records that there had been an earlier referral of Peter to the school psychologist who felt that there was a correlation between Peter stutter and the fact that his mother was forced to spend so much time caring for his sister who was a over the years Peter stutter had varied in intensity Peter's condition was getting worse again and I decided to see about getting help for him there was Evelyn whose withdrawal from the life around her was so great that I simply couldn't reach her I held a conference with Mr Clark the principal about Evelyn and we decided to encourage her mother to consult with the school psychologist these are some of the children in my fifth grade class each child has his special needs and problems for some children the difficulties of growth can be very severe as a classroom teacher my most important job is to try to understand each child and guide his growth in accordance with his needs this is the task as well as the challenge to all who teach just stopped I love teachers I absolutely do um I have a great deal of respect for them and um wish that there was more support given to them by Society nowadays because they made me who I am my parents certainly did but having invested teachers definitely helped me a lot introduced me to a lot so there's my soapbox okay so behind me we have a film scanner oh and William thank you so much for the coffee William went to KO Dash fi.com AV Geeks and he got his coffee got him myself and my assistant's coffee you can also go to patreon.com avgeeks or hit the super thanks button and you can donate in the YouTube chat alright so anyways we have this film scanner film scanner uh and I have a film on here I'm just going to let you try to guess future tense what do you think this film is about future tense is this a is this a film about conjugating verbs Maybe what do you think it's about all right and I've obscured the label which will give it away so here we go everybody uh have people guessed in the it's about predictions let's see um you want to watch banana eye again all right um okay where where's my little thing okay future tense any other guesses future tense maybe I should be singing it as future tense anyways here it is future tense enjoy foreign [Music]