AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 3-4-2025

e e [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] can no [Music] for Fore foreign for [Music] foree [Music] [Music] [Music] is fore spee fore [Music] [Music] [Music] keep [Music] for [Music] [Music] re [Music] Prin [Music] [Music] for [Music] for for [Music] [Music] [Music] [Music] are [Music] b m s [Music] w foreign for spe [Music] the space race was even of interest uh in the propaganda World in Mexico um yeah so Spanish yeah there were some of these done in Spanish I think that was actually the native tongue of this series oh boy uh so PBS is who blocked my stream yesterday they used footage from the same National Archives thing that I used and then they claimed it so I can fight it but it doesn't bring back the stream uh which is really the most important part of why I showed it uh very very frustrating very very frustrating but let's uh let's pull back back let's pull back and let's think about things that are don't deal with people at all these are Beyond us like how do magnets work [Music] this is a small permanent magnet you can see that it's a magnet because it lifts steel objects we'll cover the magnet with a thin sheet of paper this salt shaker is filled with tiny bits of iron called iron filings now you know what's going to happen you've seen this before perhaps you've done it yourself as the iron filings fall onto the paper they form into a pattern over and around the magnet but why do the iron filings form in a pattern it's because each one of these iron filings is being acted on by a force each of these little bits of iron is affected by the force of the magnet even though the magnet isn't actually touching any one of them a region of space like this where at every point of force can be felt is called a field the space around this magnet is called a magnetic field if we bring a small compass into the magnetic field we can see that it too is affected by that field so although we can't actually see a magnetic field we can see the effect the field has on objects that are brought into it fields are invisible but they make their presence known in many different ways for instance if I stack these little rig magnets on a pencil the magnetic field round one pushes against the magnetic field of the next keeping them apart I can squeeze them together but the magnetic field will push them apart [Applause] again I can push one magnet up a hill with another magnet without the two magnets touching at all the magnetic fields around the magnets keep them apart well you can't see the field around a magnet but you can certainly feel the effects of it and you can see the effects of that field on Iron and Steel object objects now let me show you a different kind of field this is a steel rod you've seen how the field around a magnet attracts steel this is a glass rod but glass is not affected by the field it doesn't have any effect on wood or for that matter this old shoe now let me show you something else this is a plastic rod now this Rod doesn't affect this shoe either but watch now there seems to be a field around this Rod this Rod attracts the shoe without actually touching it but the field around this Rod is not a magnetic field we've just seen that magnets don't attract shoes actually by rubbing this Rod I've placed an electric charge on it and around any object with an electric charge is an electric field the electric field attracts the wood and the glass as well as the steel you can't see the electric field around the charger Rod but you can certainly see the effect it has on different materials this little box is made of very thin paper and this is a metal sphere that has been given an electrical charge notice how it attracts the paper box when I bring the Box near it now here's something else I want you to notice no matter where I move the Box around this charge sphere the Box is always attracted so that the string points to the center of the sphere an electric field seems to extend out from the sphere in all directions you know you can't actually see a field but this drawing does suggest how a field extends out in all directions from the source of the field what makes a paper box fall when I move it away from the sphere well it looks obvious enough the electric field pulling on the box gets weaker and weaker and we say the Box Falls but what makes it fall have you ever stopped to think that wherever you are on Earth you are in the midst of a field a field where at every point a force is felt that is trying to pull things down that kind of a field is called a gravitational field I can tell that I'm in a gravitational field right now because if I raise an object up in the air and Let It Go a force pulls it back down that force is called gravity there is a gravitational field around every object for example there's a gravitational field around this pencil but the gravitational field around a small object is so weak that you don't notice it however the Earth is a huge object and the gravitational field around it is strong enough to be noticed everything on Earth including that City down there is held down by the Earth's gravitational field if I jump away from Earth you know I certainly won't stay up here the force of gravity will pull me back down to Earth again like the other fields we have studied gravitational fields extend out in all directions from the source of the field remember that when we move the paper box in the electric field around this charge sphere it was always pulled toward the center of the sphere well the same thing happens in a gravitational field here is the Earth with its surrounding gravitational field and here is New York City if a boy in New York lifts a brick up and lets it go it will fall to the ground in other words it will fall in this direction toward the center of the Earth to a boy in New York that direction is down now what if in Australia something is raised up in the air at the same time and let go what happens then well it falls toward the center of the earth too the only way people on earth have of telling which way is down is by feeling Which Way gravity is pulling so to someone in Australia the scene looks like this to a New Yorker down means this direction but to an Australian down means this direction wherever on the earth we drop something we say it falls down but actually it falls toward the center of the earth the gravitational field extends out from the earth in all directions the farther away from the earth you are the weaker the gravitational field is but 239,000 Mi away from the earth the Earth's gravitational field is still strong enough to hold a moon in orbit the Unseen force of the Earth's gravitational field holds the moon in orbit that force is just as real as the wire holding the metal ball in orbit around this athlete in science a field is a region of space in which at every point a force can be felt there there are magnetic fields around magnets there are electric fields around objects that have an electric charge and there are gravitational fields around all objects now take a look at this the needle in this Compass is magnetic normally it points towards the north this is an electromagnet there is a magnetic field around the electromagnet only when electricity is flowing through it now I'm going to turn the electromagnet on and off in a particular way watch what happens to the magnetic needle it takes energy to make the needle move back and forth and that energy seems to be coming from the magnetic field of the electromagnet can you think of any other kinds of fields that are used to carry energy from one place to another [Music] oh boy I feel like I'm going to sneeze I just had something with pepper on it um I thank you Kevin for the uh donation via the super thanks button because of my Jug's comment I I don't know really any of uh Insane Clown p material but I do know about that uh magnet crack all right what do we got uh let's learn about the Nile Valley and its people uh one of the things you might notice is that um I have several encyclopedia Botanical films well not several but I have a couple that I'm showing I'm trying to balance my cornet enjoy the rains fall on the red Earth of East Africa each year unfailing and regular pools gather into streams streams Cascade down the mountains the world's longest river is Born the ancient Nile begins [Music] since the Pharaohs built the pyramids 5,000 years ago perhaps no no River has influenced the course of history for so long as Egypt's River the Nile the ancient Egyptians marveled at its unceasing flow and worshiped it as a God but it was only a hundred years ago that the source of the mighty Nile was discovered in central Africa from Lake Toria the river flows northward over Rapids and falls until it encounters the first of a series of dams which provide hydroelectric power and regulate the flow of the river for 40 million people people whose lives depend upon these Waters from Lake Victoria the river flows north through Uganda the Republic of Sudan and Egypt finally merging with the Waters of the Mediterranean dra reing 1110th of the continent of Africa what is it like this 4,000m Valley of the Nile the Story begins in Uganda in the jungle and Bush the hills and green fields that make up this Rich Little Country in the heart of Africa home of the banda Boro and many other tribes who live mostly by raising cotton coffee and tea for most of uganda's people life is still primitive but in schools and universities more and more are now learning the skills of the modern world a world which for centuries they knew little of the city of Cala is the capital from Modern government buildings the people of Uganda themselves now administer the Affairs of their newly independent nation of 2 million most of whom are Christians from Uganda the Nile continues on northward entering the Republic of Sudan the Sudan is about a quarter of the size of the United States but with a population of only 10 million people geographically it is divided between the desert of the North and the Savannah lands and swamps of the South the swamp land of the southern Sudan is the home of many kinds of African game though there are several different tribes in the South who live along the Nile the Dinka are perhaps the most important most dink are herdsmen who live by raising cattle as we determine wealth in dollars the Dinka measure theirs in cows other Dinka live much of their lives in Dugout canoes in the swamps by the river fishing is their main occupation the fish are driven down narrow channels and speared though most Dinka still live as they have for centuries great changes are coming also to the southern Sudan many Dinka children now attend school for the first time where they learn to read and write speak English and prepare for a less primitive kind of life in the towns Juba on the Nile is the main town and Market Center of the southern Sudan at Juba the Nile begins to have real importance as a Waterway Stern wheelers provide the principal means of transportation to areas further north not many miles from Juba the stern wheelers encounter a huge area of swamp known as the sud for hundreds of square miles an endless Melancholy sea of Papyrus Reeds stretches as far as the eye Can See the s is probably the largest and most impenetrable swamp in the world the White Nile as the river is called here loses 50% of its water from evaporation beneath the burning Tropical Sun when the Nile finally bursts through the sud it flows through the parched desert lands of the northern Sudan until it reaches carum the capital of the Sudan which lies about halfway between the source of the Nile and the Sea though cartoon's people come from a variety of Sudanese tribes they speak Arabic as their common language and practice the Muslim religion the sudin still remember the days when their country was ruled jointly by Britain and Egypt when their presidential Palace was occupied by a British governor general the continued friendship of the Sudan with the Western world has helped give this country security and stability unequaled among other new nations in Africa agriculture is the basis of the Sudanese economy dependent almost completely on the Nile because in much of the country There is almost no rainfall dams spanning the Nile hold back vast quantities of water and from Lakes created by these dams irrigation canals lead off into a network of waterways stretching across millions of Acres of fertile land cotton is the main crop Sudanese cotton among the finest in the world is grown mostly on huge government controlled plantations watered by the White Nile near carum the waters of the White Nile weak and dissipated Now by seepage and evaporation are replenished by another great river which joins it the Blue Nile which for a few months each year comes down in a torrent from the mountains of Ethiopia bringing with it 70% of all the water that flows north into the land of Egypt 95% of Egypt is arid desert the only habitable part being a narrow strip of fertile land along the banks of the Nile it is on this strip only a few miles wide that Egypt's 24 million people fight out the daily battle for survival the fertility of Egypt a land with almost no rain depends entirely on water drawn from the Nile by a variety of means farming is also the basis of Egypt's economy as in the Sudan cotton is the most important crop sugar is also grown there are Orchards of figs grapes peaches and other fruits many farmers keep pigeons both to eat and as a source of fertilizer CFR is typical of many Egyptian villages women and girls are seldom seen outside the house farmwork is left entirely to the men and boys a clover-like crop called Bim is grown for fodder as there is little land for grazing along this narrow densely populated strip Dom domestic animals are kept tethered near the house and their feed brought to them since ancient times the task of raising water to irrigate their fields has preoccupied Egyptians and today irrigation is still the key to life dams like those in Uganda and the Sudan restrain the Nile from rushing to waste in the medit Anan in southern Egypt work progresses on a vast new dam that will ultimately dwarf all others on the Nile the Aswan High Dam built by Russian engineers and machinery and costing $1,200 million the High Dam will bring under cultivation 2 million Acres of now useless land and provide new farms for 5 million peasants power from The High Dam will meet the increasing demand for electricity among Egypt's expanding Industries blast furnaces work night and day pouring forth tons of molten steel which symbolize Egypt's IND Industrial Revolution typical Industries include chemical factories producing fertilizers for Egyptian Farms textile mills annually turn out miles of cloth from homegrown cotton most industry is centered around Cairo on the Nile Cairo the largest city in Africa Africa the capital of Egypt the Undisputed heart of the Arab world long a British protectorate Egypt gradually gained full Independence and today people are preoccupied with the use of this new Independence the rising power of the Arab nations of Africa and the Middle East the Nationalist Revolution sweeping Egypt Beyond Cairo the Nile fans out into a series of channels leading to the Sea this is the Delta of the Nile an extremely fertile region which feeds over half of all the people of Egypt at last the long journey to the sea is nearly over as the river empties into the Mediterranean [Music] 5,000 years ago one of the first civilizations on Earth grew up along the banks of the Nile in Egypt and for 5,000 years the people of the Nile Valley have depended on this River for their very lives today the river known to the Pharaohs as the Lord of All Rivers remains as it has for 50 centuries the master of their [Music] Destinies all right so what do we have so far we have cantel uh appoes Seas Tucsan Cleopatra geminy of course um heran so instead of her her hercul Hercules herculan herculan okay uh alumni protein protein and then uh texal texal so there you go um learn how to pronounce something new every day okay um what's interesting is that in the 40s 50s 60s there were a lot of films certainly made by educational film companies but there were ones that were made for General audiences and they covered the uh geography of the United States and talked about specific areas and places and states and almost all of them were by oil companies it's very strange um I'm not sure I mean it could be that some of these sold gasoline and so this was like a travel law type of thing to get people enthusiastic about traveling I I'm not sure what it was but here is one of these films Beyond the Valley it's not Beyond the Valley of the Dolls it's not Beyond the Valley of the ultra Vixens but uh maybe Russ Meer saw this enjoy C [Music] my name is Luis I am 28 years old I am a Puerto Rican I'd like to tell you something about myself and about Puerto Rico this is our home and here is our oldest one Jose he is a bundle of energy with an appetite like a lion but I have to tell him to be back from play in time for lunch and there is Maria my wife every Saturday Maria makes me an omelet for lunch with Peppers She's a wonderful cook and finally Pablito we think he's a cute little [Music] fellow this is our our family and our home we live comfortably with many things you know we are able to buy Pito fresh milk every day I often think when I look at the children how things have changed in Puerto Rico yes there are so many new things Maria has a modern stove we have a television set running water yet children can only take these things for granted for they know only the world of the present they have no knowledge of the past and so have seen no change their world is a world in which they has always been television and running water so it is with every child and so it was with me when I was a boy when my world was a world without a past yes I [Music] remember I remember the valley where I was born I remember the Sugar Mill the fields of sugar cane almost ready for Harvest ever since I can remember the valley had a special meaning for our family everything we need needed our house our food our clothing depended on the valley the valley was our life there is my father's house and there is one my sister's husband like so many men in the valley one can find no regular work between jobs he works in my father's vegetable garden and tries inventing things to make the garden produce more food for his family his ideas aren't always successful but Juan keeps trying someday perhaps he'll find a good steady job there is my father and there is the house where we were born and there is my sister Carmen Juan's wife busy with her daily chores my father is a cane cutter as he was when I was a boy and when Carmen and I were kids like Carmen's children today we two played our simple childhood games even then a teen can was a wonderful thing and my mother spent her time caring for USA she helps care for little Mercedes today yes today life goes on in our Valley pretty much the same as it did in those [Music] days As I Grew Older I began to think of the valley in a different way the valley hadn't changed the sugar cane as always came to ripe maturity early in the year the samples taken for analysis would yield the knowledge nature knew full well that once again her time was near and the sugar Mills as if to answer nature gave the signal that they too would soon be ready the giant machines that would process Decay began to wake from their annual sleep and the people of our Valley waited for the call that meant the end of the long months of waiting for with the Harvest once again there would be pork and bread and even perhaps pasteles on our [Music] tables this was the Eternal cycle of the valley the path our fathers had taken unresisting through the years but I was of a new generation with it right to feel and think a new and I began to feel that we depended too much on the valley already my world had gone beyond our Hills for I had learned that our Valley was not the only soil sugar cane was not the only crop from as far west as Mara to to the hills of comaro up from pelas down from utad there was coffee in the mountains in the West here to other fathers and their fam the ripening coffee Berry was the bright sign that meant the end of waiting for their private needs of roofing for the house or a kettle for the stove [Music] and from nenito in the north down the winding road tow in the south from the valley of laata all the way to cagas there was tobacco in the mountains in the East and here to other the fathers and other Sons the ripening tobacco was their own sign that promised Grant of simple wants of clothing canned goods or a catcher [Music] meat to all these people to all of us who lived on the land and by the land and for the land to the million who fashion from the rude Earth our very existence the soil was our heritage they harvest our common wealth and Harvest Time had come suddenly the valley was alive men cutting loading hauling sugar cane how clearly I remember it maet swinging cutting fat cane bursting with juice men and machetes in the cane fields on hot dry days raising the dust of the leaves dust that clings to sweating faces dust that rises and settles once again on the face of the Earth these things in our Valley repeated in valleys all over the land for in Puerto Rico sugar is King coffee Pickers work on many a mountain slope picking berries to be host and dried and roasted coffee feeds and clothes a 100,000 people but sugar is King tobacco covers many a gentle Hillside bright green leaves to be hung and dried and cure tobacco fits en clo another 100,000 but sugar is King to a [Music] million for [Music] [Music] so when Cafe the [Music] [Music] tropical fore [Music] the [Music] for but soon the Harvest was over nature had added another year once again her benediction had come and gone suddenly there was no more cane to cut no more cane to load no more cane to grind for the people of our Valley there was no more work [Music] [Music] for the people in the mountains there was no more coffee to pick no more berries to wash no more tobacco to cut no more leaves to se and hang and dry and sell why was there not enough work for all what were the reasons was it because of too many people pressing on the land was it foreign competition or quars or hurricanes or was it because too many depended too much on agriculture we did not know and had no time for theories we only knew we had a love for the land and a faith in the land and would stay with the land through all disaster [Music] but we knew too that each year after the Harvest was gone and the work was over that our privation was very real and that our questions had no answers [Music] as the years went by I began to understand why the valley was not enough to supply our needs take a land of mountains that offers poor soils and limited Land Resources add 2 million people with a rate of increase of 35,000 a year give each man woman and child one half acre of arable soil and tell them they must live primarily by the products of their scrap of soil what is the result a land with a per capita income of $122 a year a land forced to import 40% of its food a land whose very poor had been pushed to a swamp a River's Edge their last frontier that was Puerto Rico in 1940 what was the answer simply this we had to keep our people working all year round agriculture alone could not do it we needed industry in the valleys and the cities and the towns we needed hundreds of factories factories all over Puerto Rico that would put many thousands to work factories that knew no season factories that would give us income the year round but Puerto Rico could not do these all alone we needed help the help of outside Capital companies with foreign markets for our Goods if only we could persuade private Enterprise to build new factories in Puerto Rico what attractions did we have our island has an ideal climate semi-tropical tempered by the trade winds and a temperature close to 75° winter and summer our ports are within easy shipping distances of United States and Latin American markets 1,600 mil to New York 1700 mil to New Orleans 550 Mi to karakas there are no trade barriers between Puerto Rico and the United States no visas or passports a free exchange of goods people and a common currency for which in Puerto Rico are United States citizens too and here is a labor reservoir of thousands eager to learn looking for work these were great attractions but in addition our government could offer private Enterprise something special a powerful incentive to to build new factories they could offer qualified private investors long-term freedom from corporate income property and Municipal Taxes freedom from taxes here we hoped would be the Keystone of our success the work had begun to help new Industries the economic development Administration or formento was created in addition to offering tax incentive formento helped investors select the best manufacturing sites evaluate industrial prospects and secure economic data for many factories there were advantages in locating near one of the three principal cities San Juan the capital p the second largest city and Maya on the west coast for other factories there were incentives for locating Inland in rural areas industry was new to Puerto Rico and many problems arose but we had begun slowly at first the plans for the factories the people who would build them began to merge if a cane cutter could find no work for his machete he was given a saw if a coffee picker's work was over for another season he turned to a Hummer [Applause] if a tobacco worker had no more crop to harvest he found a shovel ready [Applause] [Music] a [Music] [Applause] [Music] gu another gu [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] but factories needed people to run them power to operate the machines roads and ships to carry raw materials and finished products so we build vocational schools to train draftsmen Woodworkers and [Music] electricians train men to work on the machines of our Industries the bridges and the factories better roads for the people for industry roads to carry men machines and materials [Music] men and machines and materials to work on stores offices and the homes for the factory workers better ports for industry ports for the ships to bring in the raw materials ships to carry out the finished products of our Industries [Music] new dams for industry giant reservoirs to catch the water from the skies water from the mountaintops and water to work for power power for the machines power for the people power to make the factories work from San Juan to Pon from aadia to guayama from mayest to maau side by side with King sugar fact total 1950 98 factories aluminum pods ribet and washers skillful hands that had picked the coffee had learned to use a gauge total 195 1 132 factories women's clothing and accessories Nimble hands that had swn tobacco leaves now run a seam on cloth total 1952 188 factories shoes gloves bathing suits and hats strong hands that had swung a machete were getting the fill of a [Music] machine total night 53 262 factories fountain pens and automatic pencils the right workers for a job selected by modern aptitude tests total 1954 294 factories radios television sets and electronic equipment women hom trained in fine needlecraft showed High aptitude in small precise work total 1955 350 factories hoser sweaters and men's shirts thousands had graduated from government schools trained in special tasks total 1956 452 factories plastics for bottle caps toys and electrical parts on assembly lines workers were setting many production records total 1950 7 542 factories Nails wire and wire mesh private Enterprise had imported machines by the thousands total 1958 over 600 factories China pottery and glassware and they had helped create work for tens of thousands new factories in Puerto Rico new factories in the cities in San Juan Bon and Maz new factories in the towns and in The Valleys from the Atlantic to the Caribbean there is no Factory yet in our Valley perhaps someday there will be there are still the old familiar scenes of my childhood there the Sugar Mill and here the Young can beginning its new growth the Eternal cycle of the valley repeating once again but today I am no longer a child and today I would say to my father my world has [Music] grown I will always remember my Valley but it is my world no longer for Our Generation has looked past the hills we have have gone beyond the valleys to make progress and change so it has been with my generation and so it must be with our children and that is why they must grow strong in mind and body and spirit for their will be the new mind and body and spirit of Puerto Rico [Music] uh good catch with the account he does sound like one one assembly line oh beautiful footage man uh I've been looking at a lot of assembly line footage because I am working on a project uh the assem line sleep machine project uh that's going to actually go on a new streaming service that I'm going to be working with called Eternal family and uh they have a lot of horror movies independent movies and lots of great foreign stuff holy cow they have a lot of great foreign stuff anyways they're based in Canada and they want to host um a couple of these kind of ambient chill things and so there'll be one that's going to be uh assembly line footage there's going to be one that's going to be home movies then there's going to be one that's going to be uh micros microscopic footage of sperm uh also I'm hoping I'm pitching these ideas if I can find enough footage footage of slow motion car crashes and uh like all that test footage and also what was the other thing Evas extra vehicular activities which is u space walks if I have enough footage so anyways that's so in looking at this film I was like oh my gosh oh that footage oh making the coffee oh that's so great so I get very excited when I see stuff like that uh thanks for tuning in today and thank you Jeremy and Kevin for contributing to the cause and that cause is basically paying rent at seven storage units uh which which I have been going to a lot recently looking for stuff for this eternal family project uh besides that we're also going to have themed uh shows and individual films uh and they will be all in HD so they'll be pretty and so we have to rescan some stuff anyways thank you for watching and we will see you tomorrow tomorrow is Wednesday so have a good day day and we will see you soon you can also support us via the ko-fi.com avgeeks patreon.com Geeks or just watch other videos that we've put on YouTube uh that brings in some pennies every time you watch so thanks again we will see you tomorrow bye