AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 12-10-2024

e for for is for is I in is is I I that I hello everybody I'm skip Alzheimer welcome to the a Geeks lunchtime streaming show uh where I'm back in the basement uh where we are temporarily uh working with avgeeks since we are doing renovation work on the archive space uh and all the films are at storage units so here I am down here in the basement where we started this whole series uh back in the day during Co where I was like I want to stream films for my uh collection um because I miss showing films to people and here we are what four years later uh plus and uh there you are and so so happy to see you uh that last film that we saw this is the lunchtime streaming show and we do watch 16 millimet films I don't know if I said that and I'm skip Alzheimer I I don't know anyways we just watched a silent film uh about how if you don't get Quality Tires you're screwed your life is over we have a lot of these kind of cautionary tales about tires um that one was silent but uh we have others uh so my original plan I was like I'm going to show a bunch of films that have the word just in in it um but then I realized like no I've shown a lot of these recently so I'm just here's another film that was going to potentially be part of that series because it has just this is just imagine and this film is awesome it's really great enjoy [Music] [Music] [Music] tells the story all right thousands and thousands of telephones to be made and all kinds of materials needed to make them copper nickel cotton Gold Silver and from where it's a tough job it ain't so tough that's what you think where did you come from oh I've been around I know an easy way to get materials and make telephones you and what army don't need an army just a little imagination watch [Music] [Laughter] oh what's so funny I got what I went after didn't I see here's copper nickel wax lead cotton and all the others that you need well that certainly does require imagination but how on Earth are you going to make 433 telephone parts from those paper labels still skeptical a okay mister help me clear the deck for action and I'll show you silly idea but maybe I'd better humor this little fell no telling what he'll do next now I'll show them [Music] [Applause] well so far so good but your job is only half done you still haven't got a telephone Mister haven't you got any imagination must I do it [Music] all Yahoo take over ringer it's your [Music] move music maestro please e [Music] oh w [Music] n [Music] oh [Music] la [Music] nice going nice going but um what about the cords the cord oh yeah the cord hey ringer how about the [Music] cords help help help help [Music] what did I tell you it ain't so tough yes but your way of your way of doing it won't help us imagine making telephones out of paper labels that's movie stuff you're not fooling boss that's the only place it is easy in the movies [Music] This is the End [Music] folks oh wow that was much better than I thought like I I kind of scrubbed through the the film pretty quickly and saw that there was some animation but I did not realize that there was a little animated uh AT&T I don't know mesophiles little devil um seems like uh there's quite a few films by AT&T that use these characters so there's a there's this film adventures in Tonia which is with marionette and there's a little puppet guy whose name I cannot remember it's like Sparky or something it's not Telly but then there was the 7s uh telesia featuring Telly who's a little Manchild who kidnaps little kids and takes them to a magical land where they learn how to use a dial telephone and um the White Pages uh that is on YouTube on my channel and it is going a little viral right now so if you have not seen that I've shown it on this uh Channel many times on the streaming show many times cuz I love it so much over I don't know where my fingers are over here Beyond uh camera is our Laser Graphics scanner and I've been scanning films while we are watching films unfortunately because of the setup of this we can't do it both at the same time like we can with that other scanner that we have that's still at the archive um but the quality of this machine is much better and uh so I just scanned this so we will see this soon this is beautiful color footage of the T Tacoma narrow uh bridge collapse uh that was shot by an amateur filmmaker um so we're going to watch that at some point but uh right next we're going to watch a film uh that I did scan last week no week before last uh trail of Father Kino this was a theatrical short about the Jesuit father Kino who was spreading the good word of civilization and Catholicism to Indians um yeah anyways uh enjoy [Music] in the romantic and stirring Sega of America's early days no story is more amazing than the travels and works of Father Kino Brave Jesuit priest who journeyed by dun or by foot a total of 20,000 mil to bring civilization and Christianity to the Indian tribes of the Southwest almost 300 years ago between 1687 and his death in 1711 father Kino established 29 missions and baptized 50,000 Indians today many of those early missions still stand although the majority of the early Jesuit structures later were replaced by Franciscan missions such as this one San ignia in Northern Sonora Mexico here father Kino established one of his first missions and hereabouts the natives cultivate their Orchards and farms and live the same peaceful agricultural life the good father taught their ancestors three centuries ago with his base at Dolores in Northern Sonora father Kino pushed into the Wilderness North Northwest and West establishing communities and teaching the Indians how to farm and raise stock as the communities prospered missions would be established with priests and natives working side by side building houses of worship Indian raids and revolutions down the years have taken toll of Father Kino's far-flung efforts but even those missions where time has laid a heavy hand still maintain a Majesty that brings back memories of those dangerous days when the lone priest rode forth to open up the wilderness sometimes father Kino rode West the mission at caborca founded by him on a trip to the Gulf of California and later rebuilt by the franciscans is a Marvel of ornamentation this is what one of the finest missions now standing in Mexico a veritable Masterpiece in Adobe and carved wood a visit to one of these relics of a bygone age unfolds an inspiring chapter of pioneer days of days when brave men risk their lives in an unknown land often hampered by the very Spanish Civil and Military authorities who should have aided them they were real heroes and how moving it must be to tread where they once tro 9 miles south of Tucson strangely alone in the desert stands Majestic son Xavier dbak Legend has it one Tower was never finished because one of the padr fell to his death from there that was long after father Kino's day although he founded a mission here and started the original church about 1700 despite all the great work they had done the king of Spain later banished the Jesuits from Spain's American possessions their missions fell into ruins later however the franciscans took up the good work and restored or replaced the original buildings here at Bach they built a church of remarkable architectural Beauty both inside and out what inspired workmen they were those early priests and the Pima and Papago Indians who labored with them [Music] for 150 years now this church has been the shrine for the Indians hereabouts the descendants of the early natives who helped to build [Applause] it the Padres were driven out again in the 1820s and the Beautiful Church became a barracks the faithful Indians however hid its many works of art 20 years or so later when Arizona became a part of the United States every peace was safely returned father Kino first crossed into what is now Arizona in 1691 and held the first Christian service not far north of the present border at the little Indian village of tumak kakori The Franciscan Mission which flourished here later has been restored and is now a museum as well as a National Monument where the story of Father Kino may be seen in picture and miniature beginning with his first visit the early Jesuit churches were simple Adobe chapels or visitas used by visiting Padres later a better church was built and a mission established life was not always peaceful in these little centers of civilization there were frequent raids by Apaches and other unfriendly Indians among the most interesting exhibits are those depicting the siege of the mission of tatama in Northern Sonora not far South of the Border where the Padres and the Indians of their flock fought it out with raiding Indians until they could escape to safety this represents the coming of the franciscans in 1768 and their plans to replace the old Jesuit Mission with a newer finer Church such as the one shown here this is a miniature of the celebration of high mass in one of the old Spanish Colonial missions it's a work of art in itself done following the restoration of this Mission and its establishment as a National Monument note The Marvelous feature delineation what wonders those old missionaries accomplished in a few score years in a land that was desolate and Savage and their pathfind ER was Father esio Francisco Kino Explorer Adventurer and priest outstanding Pioneer of the Southwest in front of the city hall at Tucson they have dedicated a memorial to Father Kino Tucson once was just an outpost a visitor of the mission of s Xavier debach now it is a thriving City while s Xavier stands in solitary Majesty 9 miles away but the fame of Father Kino becomes greater with the years along with Father Marquette and other Brave spirits of the past he was one of the real founders of America I appreciate in the comments how you uh um were like but why were those Indians attacking what could why were they so mean to all these white settlers why um it's very obvious why uh and also uh some of you picked out this guy's uh our uh a Geeks uh pronunciation guide we can add some things Apaches not Apaches Apaches and uh Seas um not sagas Seas so I have to redo this list um I that little piece of paper that I would keep holding up I don't have that anymore it got kind of moved in the in the uh mov and everything uh out of the archive so I'm going to have to start again but here's some new ones Apaches and seas all right we're in the southwest so let's keep going uh let's do some more exploration of uh at Boulder and I'm assuming this is Boulder Colorado but it's not the same exploration as we just saw enjoy [Music] the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains marks the edge of what was once the great unknown forbidding fascinating fraught with promise the scene of Explorations familiar to the America of an earlier day in the sh of these historic mountains stand the Boulder Colorado Laboratories of the National Bureau of Standards these Laboratories carry on major exploration seeking new knowledge Beyond such modern Frontiers as the seething atmosphere of the Sun the bizarre domains of cryogenic coal the invisible fields of electromagnetism the unplumbed powers of coherent light these are front frers of science where new knowledge comes only with the ability to measure new phenomena and express their relationships in numbers NBS people at Boulder represent a key National resource their talents experience and a spree of cor are pitted against the frontiers of measurement in the fields of cryogenics Electronics electromagnetics time and frequency and atomic physics they are responsible for conceiving and developing ways of measuring new vaguely characterized phenomena the National Bureau of standards participates in a major astrophysics laboratory on the University of Colorado campus NBS scientists University faculty graduate students and under graduates work together searching out critical measurement needs and conducting pioneering measurement experiments feeding the bureau's rigorous measurement philosophy directly into a young and important branch of science creative measurement science is largely responsible for one of NBS Boulders and the scientific world's most valuable physical assets the cesium beam frequency and time time standard with this standard the duration of the second has been realized many times more accurately than any other basic unit of measurement capsules of high Purity CM 133 go into this end of the cylinder where a furnace boils them the atoms travel down the tube at a mean velocity of 20,000 cm/s through a very high vacuum about 1/8 of the atom are in the two hyperfine energy states pertinent to the standard the states have opposite magnetic dipole moments an atom falling to the Lower State emits a Quantum of radiation one changing to the higher state must absorb a Quantum of exactly the same frequency the frequency 9 billion1 192 m631 770 Hertz is an invariant property of these transitions of the cium 133 atom depending on state the orientation of the magnetic dipole moment will cause the atoms to respond to a magnetic lens in a characteristic way this diagram shows the main components of the standard seen from the top with the lateral scale greatly exaggerated as the atoms in one energy State reach the first magnet they change Direction some atoms deflect right out of the system the significant part passes through the first microwave cavity a cator the second cavity and bends once more at the second magnet missing the Detector by a wide margin the atoms in the opposite State respond in the opposite direction neither beam hits the detector microwaves are inserted in the path of the atoms frequency controls response when the input matches the critical frequency the beam suddenly changed State revers direction of deflection and hit the detector the response ceases unless the input frequency accurately matches the frequency associated with the state change which is a constant of nature the detector and incandescent ribbon ionizes atoms that hit it generating a current which Peaks very sharply when the inserted frequency matches the natural frequency associated with the energy change realizing the theory to an accuracy of five parts in 10 to the 12th required years of meticulous work such as producing a wave guide symmetrical within a thousandth of an inch perfecting the wave form of the microwave input red reducing drift and noise in the data taking circuits this standard's accuracy cleared the way for Rapid improvements in Telemetry space vehicle tracking and sophisticated Communications now work focuses on even better standards needed for a new generation of electronics aircraft collision avoidance systems increased Communications Channel capacity improved space air and surface navigation continuing work on the frontiers of time and frequency measurement leads to progress in every technology where time is of the essence laboratory astrop physics deals with some of the most fundamental and least understood processes of nature the atomic reactions in ionized gases laboratory investigation of interacting I ions electrons and photons presents a novel set of measurement problems basic problems such as achieving ultra high vacuum in the experimental environment yield gradually to applied measurement expertise the Cross Beam technique sets up controlled conditions for analyzing reactivity of unstabled species beam density and energy can be accurately measured here here a beam of electrons plunges through another beam of hydrogen ions at the intersection one detector senses desired events plus the background another background only reliable data on Atomic cross-sections begins to emerge a critical need exists for these clear demonstrations of how to measure Atomic phenomena paining reviews conducted and published by The Joint Institute for laboratory astrophysics show that only 10% of all scientific papers on Atomic Collision subjects contain acceptably supported data plasma physics a highly promising Frontier of knowledge urgently requires better measurement methods for Accelerated progress on such subjects as interactions of solar radi with the ionosphere the electronic and ionic environment of space a practical approach to control thermonuclear reactions Boulder Laboratories investigates lasers from many aspects these versatile tools are widely used mostly on an empirical basis there is growing need for accurate compatible methods for measuring laser characteristics pulse lasers with their varying pulse durations power and frequency distribution within the pulse require special measurement techniques all of which must be related to the basic units of measurement measuring the beam power of a laser requires special approaches this continuous flow calorimeter traps all reflections of the incoming laser beam water flowing in the jacket absorbs the power thermocouples measure the heat rise between Inlet and Outlet reliable power measurements figure heavily in the future of laser instrumentation some lasers have wavelengths tunable over a wide range the quantum events associated with changes of wavelength have wide implications in many branches of science much work remains before the complex relationships in tunable lasers have been satisfactorily measured Meed and described and before the Laser's potential usefulness in measurement science may be fully realized the temperature stable vibration free environment of an abandoned gold mine appeal to Boulder scientists as an ideal place to use laser interferometry for an improved determination of the speed of light this experiment uses light from a helium neon laser traveling in a vacuum tube one amazing difficulty AR R immediately the gravitational pull of the moon moves the Bedrock enough to measurably affect the interferometer another difficulty touched off a crucial investigation lasers are not notably stable as to frequency this problem was solved by introducing a methane cell in the helium neon laser system with input tuned to an exact frequency characteristic of the methane molecule the output comes to a sharp maximum this permits stabilization to a few parts in 10 to the 13th when used for measuring length the methane device exceeds the reproducibility of the international length standard the Krypton lamp by a factor of a thousand the possibility of relating this highly stable infrared radiation to the cesium beam frequency standard post is a solid challenge engaging many facets of Boulder's capabilities time and frequency scientists Supply programs used to verify the methane devices stability Quantum physicists work side by side with electronics Engineers on the experiments necessary to multiply known frequencies right up to the infrared this one step aims at generating the 12th harmonic of a selected hcn laser radiation mixing it with frequency from an H2O laser and observing the beat note between them everything hinges on harmonic generator mixers that will work at unprecedented high frequencies the limitations of promising mixer generators are simply unknown data gathered in cryogenics research point to the Josephson Junction as a strong possibility for producing the critical beat note success at measuring high frequencies might well lead to a firm number for the frequency of the methane device with this prospective Advance hundreds of length and frequency dependent investigations outside NBS would move forward Boulder's cryogenics Laboratories deal with measurements on a rapidly expanding scientific and Industrial Frontier the commercial manufactur and sale of cryogenic liquids has become a huge business accurate metering of fluid deliveries is important to both the buyer and seller and poses a severe measurement problem for instance how do you make precise measurements of a boiling liquid the Compressed Gas Association producers and Distributors of cryogenic liquids turned to National Bureau of standards for help the test test facility measures weight changes in the supply and delivery Chambers both in this tank for comparison against volume meters under test the experiment helps identify sources of Errors provides a test bed for meter designs and explores methods of calibrating and testing meters all toward the goal of measurement accuracy that inspires confidence in this new multi-million dollar industry cryo Electronics facilities deal with the special problems of low temperature Electronics a dilution refrigerator provides a stable 21 100 Dee Kelvin environment for cryo electronic experiments electronic devices operating at cryogenic temperatures exhibit a host of promising behaviors their exploitation depends on a systematic program of measurement and data publication under lying all of Boulder's many capabilities is a broad deep experience in measuring radio and higher frequency phenomena this particular experiment concerns the determination of antenna field patterns yielding greatly improved data at fractional cost and in some cases data not previously obtainable at any cost antenna patterns are ordinarily measured from a distance at which the antenna can be treated as a point point source this is the inner limit of the far field The Familiar polar coordinate diagram plots relative field strength as observed from the far field at all angles from the axis actual far field measurement means physically carrying an instrument through the field at a distance at least twice the square of the antenna's diameter divided by the wavelength for a 30ft diameter antenna by no means uncommon the required distance may be about 6 miles farfield measurements made at such distances are very costly and usually give only fragmentary data at a small fraction of the expense the complete field configuration can now be determined from measurements made at a very close distance Boulder has solved the mathematics and designed computer programs that convert nearfield data to farfield antenna patterns scanning at less than diameter distances yields data like these which are then transformed to complete maps of the farfield configuration dissemination of measurement knowledge is a large part of Boulder's work the National Standard reference data centers for cryogenics and atomic science gather published measurements on a worldwide basis the center evaluates data from the standpoints of measurement methods and degree of reliability acceptable data go into widely requested standard reference data Publications ready-made measurements annually saving millions of dollars worth of repetitive effort Boulder's knowledge of high Purity aluminum and copper is disseminated in the form of samples through the NBS office of standard reference materials a major type of dissemination Works through calibration of instruments against National measurement standards microwave power is ordinarily measured with bolometer mounts their calibration requires a careful system of determining Corrections for the difference between microwave power input and bolometer reading these micro calorimeters are national standards for calibrating mounts of different wave guide sizes a water bath precise within 25 millionths of a degree provides a stable environment for the experiment the readings establish the ratio between temperature rise in the Bomer Mount when DC power is applied and when microwave power is substituted for part of the DC tested Bomer mounts with correction factors applied become working standards used for calibrating mount in use throughout the country mounts so calibrated give accurate fully compatible measurements a necessity for Designing microwave equipment meeting today's needs for efficiency and operating economy dissemination of time and frequency information begins in the clock room where an array of five clocks two of them Atomic keep time scheduled comparison with the nvs frequency and time standard reveal the actual performance of each clock rate differences show up as beats and beat frequency is scaled and punched for computer interpretation portable atomic clocks calibrated for rate and time of day can be taken to remote locations in need of accurate rate and time synchronization radio broadcasts disseminate Boulder's time and frequency information to the entire country via the National Bureau of Standards transmitters at Fort Collins Colorado station WWV transmits on six shortwave frequencies stable to two parts in 10 to the 11th although somewhat degraded by the propagation medium wwvs carrier waves are widely used for frequency comparisons ww VL and wwvb transmit on very low frequency carriers which travel in what amounts to a wave guide between the Earth and the ionosphere the signals suffer little degradation by the medium these Transmissions carry the time broadcast so important to navigation and World Time synchronization the system of disseminating time and frequency standards by broadcast suggests possible future developments length standards might one day be calibrated against Fort Collins frequency broadcasts somewhere beyond the frontiers of knowledge might lie a practical way of relating temperature and frequency and calibrating thermometers via radio broadcast Boulder Laboratories host many conferences and workshops each year disseminating results of latest discoveries in measurement science directly to thousands of organizations whose measurement abilities are fundamental to the Nation scientific and technological leadership National Bureau of Standards people at Boulder represent a key National resource their talents and experience are dedicated to winning and disseminating new Knowledge from the frontiers of cryogenics Electronics electromagnetics time and frequency and atomic physics [Music] the frontiers of cryonic or was it cryogenics I I miss missed that but man there was a lot of lingo and jargon thrown in there and it did remind me of the fact that when I was a kid I used to get the edmin scientific catalog uh and I wanted to get a laser so bad and they were so expensive of course the lasers that I was interested in were relatively they were basically harmless they would have damaged your eyes but you know of course I wanted a laser that was going to burn a hole through something or potentially turn into a lightsaber uh but yeah I used to just pour over the cataloges and just see you know like what I would need and and all that all that stuff and now lasers I mean you can get super cheap lasers as a cat toy um it's it's crazy how that has changed but um yeah thanks for tuning in today very much appreciate uh your eyeballs and your donations thank you you Jeremy excuse me and Brian uh for donating via the super thanks button another way you can donate is via the ko-fi.com avgeeks button or link uh or patreon.com avgeeks uh some people have been donating that way and I very much appreciate that uh you can also just hit the thumbs up the like button those are other ways to support us and certainly as I have been saying we've been doing a big push to upload ACH bunch of stuff uh from our collection uh and from other collections uh namely the pringer archive um on YouTube and so watching those and enduring the ads uh put some money in our uh coffers and that money of course all goes towards rental fees for all the storage units that we have with all the films that we have um there is a film called the peaceful ones that we are going to watch this week uh that I'm currently scanning and it has some insane footage in it I'm very excited um and this is I'm excited because you bringing the scanner here laser graphic scanner here means that we have more energy uh to scan not only stuff for jobs where we make money but also new stuff that we can show you so hooray we're almost back uh even though we are in a basement uh anyways uh everybody take care have a great rest of your Tuesday and we will see you soon thanks again bye e