AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 11-7-2022

foreign hello everybody I'm skip Alzheimer and welcome to the AV Geeks lunchtime streaming show where I am putting some screws onto a bracket for a hard drive for a backup drive system that I've been working on and uh that's what we do here sometimes we screw in hard drives uh and then try to format them this one was particularly weird uh anyways uh we watch old 16 millimeter films and what we just saw were three different uh reels of outtakes from a Coronet when they would shoot footage they would uh specifically probably pick a project or a series that they would use the footage in then whatever was left they would just put on these built up reels that they would list with a three letter code and supposedly somewhere is a I'm guessing is like a bunch of little cards index cards or something that says what's on each reel uh but we never found that in any of the boxes that we've been scanning and it's like 14 pallets of stuff so um yeah that was a wonderful mixed bag of stuff that um including Panama Canal and other things so I was not here on Friday and uh I was actually giving a presentation to a bunch of Community College active uh not activists archivists in uh Statesville North Carolina which is about two and a half hours from here and uh so I had set up a show and included two great films that were kind of longer addendum to a college bulletin and the game and it turns out that I guess there was something a piece of music that was used in addendum to a college bulletin that just brought everything down on YouTube for a couple of minutes or a minute so I apologize for that um normally I get a heads up but that one was I didn't get a heads up so um sorry about that and I hope that um you're able to tune in and catch the game because it is really it's up there every time I watch it it gets better uh so yes uh so anyways uh let's uh whoops get some soothing narration with this EB film Encyclopedia Britannica film called Daybreak featuring Ken Nordeen [Music] Daybreak cursed and thin splinters shimmering neither is the day here nor is the night gone night is getting ready to go and day Whispers soon now so soon [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] I have made the Sun hurling it high in four directions to the easts I threw it to run its appointed course [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] [Applause] thank you [Music] there [Music] there beautiful yellow Rising has dawned beautiful white Rising has dawned the day has risen [Music] my thing wasn't even on holy cow you're probably all screaming like skip your mic's not on your skip your mic's not on [Music] anyways uh the game about having sex in high school and the emotional uh consequences of that uh Daybreak awesome film poetry by Carl Sandberg it's probably a poetry film this film that I'm showing you the leader lady from is from the Soviet Union and this was one of the things I just got on eBay so I'm excited to show you this film enjoy which is [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] foreign [Music] [Applause] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign foreign [Music] foreign foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Applause] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign interface [Music] examples foreign foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] tomato subscribe foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign I think there's a part two um yeah man uh very much digging that for a couple of reasons one is I was totally into computers when this film came out probably from the mid mid 80s actually early 80s up to modern day um and so some of that stuff is resonating with me all right let's see what we got here let's learn about light color and the visual the visible spectrum enjoy color color exists because of light our main source of light is the Sun it produces what we call white light and usually so does artificial light white light has to interact in some way with matter for us to see the colors in white light the colors of the spectrum colors can be produced from white light in a number of ways but every way depends on the fact that visible light covers a range of wavelengths and frequencies light is a form of energy that moves through space as a wave the movement of the wave from one point to a corresponding point is called a cycle the distance between these two points is called the length of the wave or the wavelength and the number of cycles per second is the frequency of the wave white light doesn't have a single frequency or wavelength it's really a combination of different frequencies and wavelengths these are what we call the visible spectrum the light waves that we perceive as colors and even these colors are made up of a range of wavelengths and frequencies red has the longest wavelengths in the visible spectrum and the wavelengths grow shorter and the frequencies higher as we move toward the Violet end of the spectrum it's these wavelengths or combinations of them that have to separate from white light for us to see colors one way this happens is by refraction the bending of light waves colors may be produced when light waves Bend as they pass from one medium into another this is because all the wavelengths that make up white light don't bend the same amount prism demonstrates that nicely because the shorter wavelengths in white light Bend more than the longer wavelengths do the various wavelengths spread out this is why a prism produces colors the colors are arranged in a continuous Spectrum a rainbow's colors are caused by a similar separation of sunlight by raindrops but on the surface of a compact disc it isn't the bending and spreading of light waves that produces the colors now we're dealing with color being produced when light waves interfere with each other that's why colors appear in soap bubbles a soap bubble looks transparent because most of the light that strikes it passes right through only a small amount of light is reflected off its surface but a thin film like a soap bubble actually has two surfaces an inner one as well as an outer one the two are barely a wavelength of light apart and light waves reflect off both of these surfaces at places where these waves overlap they interfere with each other some frequencies are strengthened some are weakened as a result some of the wavelengths separate from the white light and colors are produced on a compact disc the interference is the result of diffraction light waves are bent by the tiny ridges on the surface extremely short distances apart these diffracted waves interfere destructively and constructively and produce the colors [Music] colors can also be produced by another kind of interaction of light with matter called scattering [Music] blue eyes are the result of scattering and so is the blue sky scattering occurs when light interacts with very small particles of matter like air molecules which are only a fraction of the wavelength of light in size as sunlight passes through our atmosphere it interacts mainly with molecules of nitrogen and oxygen when an air molecule is struck by a light wave the molecule absorbs the light energy then emits light of the same wavelength in all directions this is scattering the short wavelengths of white light are scattered more easily than the long ones blue at the end of the spectrum with short wavelengths is scattered about 10 times as effectively as red at the other end and so the blue wavelengths dominate the scattering of light that produces blue eyes is caused by tiny particles in the inner layer of the iris but eyes that appear Brown have many larger particles in the outer layer of the iris as well like most colors we see brown eyes are the result of interactions with matter in which the colors in white light are separated by absorption it happens like this we have white light and materials that reflect it and absorb it to different degrees and this determines the colors we see so this shirt looks white in white light because it reflects almost all the wavelengths of white light and a black shirt looks black because it absorbs almost all of them and when you see colors it's because only some of the wavelengths are absorbed the colors you see will be those produced by the wavelengths that are reflected so for instance when white light falls on two materials and one looks red and the other cyan it's because all the wavelengths except those are being absorbed now all except blue in one material and yellow in the other are being absorbed now all except green in one Magenta in the other absorption and reflection of certain wavelengths of white light are producing all these colors [Music] remember white light contains all the wavelengths of visible light but if lights of different colors are used they will affect the color of the light a material reflects a white shirt reflects all the wavelengths of light that fall on it so it will look red in red light because only the red wavelengths are available for reflection a material that reflects only red looks red in white light and red light but a blue material reflects only the end of the spectrum with short waves red waves are long so none are reflected but in Blue Light the material looks blue while the red loses much of its color so what is absorbed and what is reflected depends partly on the nature of the substances and partly on the wavelengths that are present in the light that is Illuminating them now remember white light contains all the wavelengths of visible light colored lights only contain some of them but it's possible to add wavelengths of certain colors together and produce wavelengths of different colors watch the floor as the red and green color areas overlap yellow is produced this is an example of additive color mixing now magenta will be produced on the floor by adding blue to red [Music] if we take away the red and add blue to green the floor takes on a cyan color and if we add the red to the blue and the green we get white because these three colors added together supply all the wavelengths of visible light green blue and red are called the primary colors of additive color mixing additive color mixing is most often used in stage lighting and in color television screens the colors produced on TV screens are created from thousands often hundreds of thousands of sets of just three tiny dots of color a red one a green one and a blue one the intensity of each of the dots can be changed but because the dots are so small and so close together they can't be seen as three separate colors what colors we do see are determined by the rules of additive color mixing for instance red alone as you might expect produces a red color area but add green and as we saw before yellow is the result as the colors mix additively and with the last of the three primary colors added of course white is produced other colors can be produced by changing the intensity of the three primary colors while the additive process produces Colors by adding together light of different wavelengths colors can also be produced by a subtractive process we start with white this filter looks yellow because it subtracts the blue wavelength from the white light allowing red and green to pass and by the additive process red and green produce yellow and this filter looks magenta because it subtracts the green wavelength from White Light allowing only red and blue to pass through red and blue produce magenta additively a cyan filter subtracts the red wavelengths only green and blue can pass through and green and blue produce cyan since the yellow filter allows red and green to pass through but the cyan filter subtracts the red just the green can come through when the two filters overlap so by subtractive color mixing cyan and yellow produce green yellow and magenta produce Red by subtraction and where the three filters overlap all the wavelengths of white light are subtracted combined in dyes paints and pigments these three colors yellow cyan and magenta can produce essentially every other color [Music] but color is not just a matter of addition and subtraction of light waves of absorption and reflection refraction interference and scattering one more thing is essential [Music] Your World of Color could not exist without eyes because the colors you see depend not only on the interactions of light waves with matter around you but also on the interactions of light waves with light sensitive matter in your eyes that send electric signals to your brain and there in some as yet to be explained way these signals are transformed and you become aware of them not as light waves of different lengths but as colors [Music] foreign [Music] there's a night delivery associated [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] is possible [Music] information [Music] the Rhythm machine [Music] [Music] questions [Applause] foreign [Music] thank you very much Mystic Electronics area is foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] foreign [Music] [Music] thank you [Music] thank you [Music] awesome um I should say that that film wow is in color is faded and I I only I just last night I discovered a um plug-in for OBS that actually does really good or well better color grading than the one that actually comes with OBS so I was able to bring the red down a little bit and bring back bring out the blues and the greens a little bit as we learned in the previous film about the visible spectrum and light in color and uh cool 80s dancing um but this is what came from another country uh the Ukraine uh that said to to the students about informatics and computers is what came with that the two films that I just showed um that were a Soviet so what do I got I got time for something one more film yeah let's watch One More film about the microscope and its uses wait did we watch that I feel like we watched this yeah we did never mind um let's learn about refrigeration and air conditioning enjoy [Music] foreign [Music] day and Steve and Ted have worked up a sweat playing baseball it'll feel good to get out of the hot sun inside it's much cooler that's because Ted has an air conditioner this is one kind of cooling device the refrigerator in the kitchen is another kind of cooling device how does it work a basic principle of refrigeration is that cold is the absence of heat to make something like lemonade cold it's necessary to remove heat let's see how heat is removed from a refrigerator we'll Begin by looking at the basic working parts this model of an electric refrigerator shows the condenser the compressor driven by an electric motor and cooling coils which run through the freezer the coils are usually made of metal but transparent plastic has been used here to show liquid inside as the liquid boils inside the tubing it removes heat from the refrigerator to understand how let's consider another liquid more familiar to us water you've seen things cooled by water in ironing sprinkling water over the material being pressed helps prevent wrinkling it also prevents the cloth from getting too hot water absorbs much of the heat from the iron as the water absorbs the heat it evaporates changing to steam heat is absorbed whenever a liquid evaporates so evaporation is a cooling process this principle applies to all liquids rubbing alcohol is another example an alcohol rubdown gives you a soothing cool feeling the alcohol cools the skin because it evaporates quickly even at body temperature as it evaporates changing from a liquid to a gas the alcohol absorbs heat from the skin so alcohol cools by evaporation let's consider another liquid freon the freon has been kept in a vacuum bottle because it has a very low boiling point so low that when it is poured into the test tube the freon changes from a liquid to a gas almost instantly this rapid evaporation absorbs heat quickly bringing the temperature in the tube down below zero fahrenheit this liquid Freon is the refrigerant used in most home refrigerators today as the refrigerant evaporates in the coils of a refrigerator it absorbs heat from inside the refrigerator keeping it cool this is the essential principle by which a refrigerator works in this animated diagram you can see that as the refrigerant evaporates changing from a liquid into a gas the gas is not released into the air instead it is channeled through the tubing leading down into the compressor the compressor compresses the gas forcing it into the condenser coils under great pressure under this pressure the gas condenses becoming a liquid again back in its liquid form the refrigerant is ready to be released once again into the cooling coils the refrigerant is used over and over evaporation condensation and evaporation again the refrigerant is moved by the compressor which is powered by an electric motor so electricity supplies the energy in a gas refrigerator gas provides the energy at the bottom of the refrigerator is a burner where the energy from gas is released as heat the heat from this flame provides the energy needed to move the refrigerant to where it will evaporate in much the same way as the refrigerant evaporates in the coils of an electric refrigerator as a refrigerant evaporates remember it absorbs heat but what happens to this heat the heat is carried by the gas to the condenser here the gas gives up its heat as it is condensed back into a liquid in this way the refrigerator absorbs heat from one place and releases it at another to keep this heat from returning to the cooling coils the coils are separated from the condenser by the refrigerator box heat is moved outside the box keeping things cool inside that's how the refrigerator works an air conditioner Works in much the same way as a refrigerator removing the case reveals the working parts these parts are similar to the ones used in the refrigerator in front are the cooling coils where heat is absorbed by the refrigerant as it evaporates from the cooling coils the gaseous refrigerant moves along tubing to a compressor just as in the refrigerator here the gas is compressed and pumped into condenser coils in the condenser coils heat is released from the refrigerant as it is condensed from a gas back into a liquid near the condensing coils in the air conditioner is a fan the fan blows air across the coils speeding the removal of heat so heat is released from the condensing coils after being absorbed at the cooling coils just as in the refrigerator unlike the refrigerator the air conditioner does not have its own insulated box instead the room in which it is mounted is its box the front part of the air conditioner where heat is absorbed extends into the room the back part of the air conditioner where heat is released extends outside in this way heat is removed from inside the house this is how an individual room air conditioner works this office building does not have an individual air conditioner for each room instead it has one large air conditioner which is part of a central air conditioning system this is the outdoor unit where heat is released through the grill you can see a large fan which blows air across the condenser coils inside the building in this unit are the cooling coils a fan circulates air from the cooling coils up through the metal ductwork to the various rooms in each room there are two sets of vents near the floor are vents through which the cool air is blown into the room as the cool air absorbs heat from the room it becomes lighter and Rises toward the ceiling having absorbed heat from the room the air reaches another set of vents where the air is drawn out of the room to be cooled once again this animated drawing shows how the air circulates through the room we call this process convection convection currents like these are also found in a room having an individual air conditioner this is how warm air is brought to the air conditioner to be cooled and recirculated in this room air conditioner you can see a fan which helps circulate the air in normal use the fan is hidden behind a protective Grill which has a filter to remove dust from the air the temperature of the air is controlled by a thermostat the air moving through this air conditioner remember is cooled in much the same way as these drinks were cooled in the refrigerator by the removal of heat whenever we cool something we absorb heat from one place and move it to another you've seen how this is accomplished by refrigeration and air conditioning [Music] I might have to turn the AC back on here because it is so incredibly muggy here in Raleigh today um thanks for watching today I hope everybody had had a great weekend uh and I'm just going to soapbox a little bit please make a plan to vote tomorrow if you have not um almost every film that we show is all about um our society and civilization and um voting is important for that and so please do and if you have already thank you so much for doing that I'm not going to tell you who to vote for although if you know me and you've been watching the show you know who I'd be voting for but yeah please do it tomorrow um and uh we'll see you tomorrow I'll be uh streaming because uh my wife and I early voted and so everybody have a great rest of your day as always please rewind and love each other and we will see you tomorrow take care