AV Geeks 16mm Lunch 1-9-23

foreign foreign [Music] easy De Paris Center later Francis foreign foreign [Music] foreign foreign [Music] Familia foreign Village downstairs family Francis de Journey foreign foreign foreign foreign electricity foreign [Music] [Music] the nutrition foreign listen foreign foreign region Savi Emilia Pro purpose just kill voila says [Music] fertility foreign [Music] [Music] that's my French is so bad I took two years of it in high school and I don't remember a lick of it but um welcome to the AV Geeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 millimeter films and hey uh yesterday was actually the the 100th anniversary of 16 millimeter film being introduced to the public now I'm not sure when it was actually being sold to the public but uh Eastman Kodak premiered it uh at a high school I think in um Rochester New York where they were based and showed off this brand new format and it was probably to compete with uh pafe had come out with a format the year prior called 9.5 which had also a similar kind of frame image size uh it was not made of nitrate um and they were targeting uh mostly the amateur film Market but also uh people doing Industrials and other types of of things um and so yeah this is what we do 16 millimeter 100 years old awesome all right anyways uh let's watch this film about democracy enjoy democracy has been defined in many ways we would all agree that democracy includes the government let's see if we can each one of us sharpens of democracy we know that Democratic words and forms have been written into laws but it is the way people practice democracy that really counts let's ask this man about defining democracy he studies communities and the way people live in them he goes about his job scientifically observing recording analyzing and Reporting well I'll tell you one thing students of society have been reporting their observations and analyzes for a good many centuries and as yet there is not one single definition of democracy that they would all accept there's one point however they would all agree on and this is it in thinking seriously of democracy one must Define his words carefully and use them consistently when you have your own definitions clear you know exactly what to look for in a community many students agree that two important signs of democracy are shared respect and a shared power let's take shared respect first sharing respect means that each shares the respect of all not because of his wealth or his religion or his color but because each is a human being and makes his own contribution to the community from healing it sick to collecting its garbage from managing its railroads to running its trains one sign of shared respect in a community is that everybody is given a fair chance to develop useful skills and the chance to put these skills to effective use and there is shared respect if various groups in the community recognize each other's right to hold different faiths and opinions and now let's see how we spot the second of the two signs of democracy shared power most observers agree that there is true democracy in a community only if there is shared power that is to say only if many people have a share in making decisions that the community will support with Force if necessary more specifically you can say that power is shared wherever regular popular elections are authorized and are actually held very shared power wherever people actually get out voluntarily and vote and if they can vote without interference or pressure from anybody there is shared power if office holders are drawn from representative groups in society if they include men from the Farms men from the Law Courts men from the stores men from the factories office holders who are drawn from representative groups of the community in a democratic legislature shared power shows itself in a strong opposition listen and that is why I'm confident the governor will have the support of the house on this bill Mr Speaker as usual The Honorable gentleman is quite wrong he and the governor he served so dutifully can expect no support for their policy from this house a strong opposition is made possible by an effective political party system the two most important signs of democracy then are shared respect and shared power they in turn depend on many conditions let's consider two of these conditions economic balance and enlightenment economic balance means that the community contains a large middle-income group a relationship between economic balance and democracy has been noted and reported for Centuries by students of society Aristotle said that a government made up of middle-income people has the best chance to be democratic that was two thousand years ago in Greece and well over a century ago in America James Madison warned that extremes of riches and poverty set group against group in past centuries economic balance was improved when large feudal Estates were gradually reorganized into independent Farms as one part of the development of democracy this creation of better economic balance aided the further growth of democracy the social observers of our time have also noted that the development of democracy usually goes hand in hand with the growth of large middle-income groups in today's world of giant technology one of democracy's serious problems is how to maintain flourishing middle-income groups another important condition for democracy is enlightenment making information available to Citizens and giving them the skill with which to judge it as public education increases democracy grows in checking a community for democracy we must find out whether it provides schools adjusted to the needs of its young people just being able to get books and newspapers is no guarantee of democracy the newspapers of a real democracy meet these tests balanced presentation of news disclosure of source competence of the staff in applying these tests to newspapers we found first of all if they report both see if the news Pages contain news only and if opinion is kept for the editorial page next we see if the paper says plainly who publishes and edits it we know which side they're on newspapers in a real democracy meet a third test competence of staff this test requires newspaper men to Value accuracy and impartiality and to interpret the news skillfully for the public the competence test also requires newspaper men to use the services of experts I want 500 words on freedom of the press for our anniversary edition how about it but Professor you know more about the history of freedom of the press than probably any other man in the country yes that's right I mean the responsibility of a free press and other forms of communication like the radio and the movies to Enlighten the people in a democracy when we examine any Democratic Community large or small or just average we find that we can separate out two distinct signs of democracy shared respect and shared power they in turn depend on at least two conditions in the community economic balance and enlightenment there is no standing still the more economic balance and Enlightenment the more shared respect and shared power democracy is something that's never finished it wanes with neglect and it grows with care if a community Works to balance its economy and if it works to Enlighten its citizens such a community can achieve shared respect and it can achieve shared power by working hard at it the citizens of any Community can achieve democracy foreign James Brill the narrator for all these early Encyclopedia Britannica films and uh some of you made note of the odd way that he speaks um yeah we love him so great so um exciting thing happened over the weekend I got this box from Robert Patrick and in it was where is it two films and then there was this a t-shirt with a Coronet logo on it this is awesome thank you so much Robert uh I don't know how often you watch but um that was phenomenal because that's a different that's a different logo that was a kind of their transitional logo I'm not sure the years uh doing this big project of scanning a bunch of uh cornet um hopefully we can kind of come up with a timeline of the logos because it goes through all sorts of things um but in the meantime also he sent us two films and uh this one he didn't know what it was but this is a Centron film called the seasons autumn so let's watch it it's on the scanner behind me um enjoy [Music] thank you [Music] I like Autumn because that's when all the leaves turn colors orange and red and yellow my favorite color is yellow they only look like that for a week or two and then the wind comes along blows them off the branches I wish they stayed that color all year round how do trees know when it's far [Music] my older sister said the leaves are changing color because it's getting colder we went on a field trip to a farm last fall and it had a real neat Red Barn just like that one yeah and it had pumpkins too that looks like my uncle's Farm he's got 50 acres well what's an acre it's like our backyard but bigger oh look the cheese in the city they're changing colors there's some deer looking for food that squirrel's eating an acorn oh yeah he's cute he's cute yes we see a whole bunch of bullfrogs we always try to catch them my uncle lives on a farm he has a bunch of trees on his farm [Music] doing harvesting corn look at that combine it's harvesting food for us yeah the cow he has a farm pond there's a cow uh oh look at all those clouds it looks like the weather's changing looks like a windy day it's like a very cold and windy day it's gonna rain when it does that oh yes pumpkin Halloween time pumpkins come in all different shapes and sizes like an orange oh there's a green one look at all these pumpkins too yeah keep on jumping over them I guess they're gonna run and get some look like huge oranges yeah really with the lines on them but you can't peel them [Music] yeah [Music] oh he's trying to eat that one down that looks like a good one oh they painted them a chocolate Lantern let's be getting ready for Halloween well they're good yeah really I like to draw cats because I like cats I like Drop goes to the haunted house they're getting ready for their Halloween party [Music] do you have neat suits what is he supposed to be I don't know that's a horse I hope I do I don't know [Music] [Music] look at that it's the biggest pumpkin I've ever seen here I like to draw scary faces my dad helps half of the time he helps him half at a time I do it by myself someone just cut out its nose he pushed out [Music] I just think I could take that whole pumpkin six pumpkin pies out of it we even put a light in it [Music] she can hardly pick that one up yeah oh it's trick or treat time [Music] going out for Halloween you go home and you get in this stuff and then about three bags ready and go all over town and you can say Trick or Treat I get lots of candy last year I was Dracula and I was a scarecrow I like Halloween parties once when I went to one it was down in the basement and it was spooky because they had all these spiders hanging down fake spiders in there that reminds me according to the carnival and getting dizzy [Music] hungry I want I want a parade neat that reminds me of the parade when all the high schools come down we got to be in one of the old days where you Gotta Wear they'll have some pair of dresses and stuff [Music] kids run mugs just like we got but me and my friend Matt we ride bikes every single day [Music] he goes back for a long pass it's a bum watch this man boom hey run run [Music] you get stuck yay yay how are you doing [Music] oh it looks like a touchdown there he goes touchdown we win yay oh look at that big trophy wow we're number one I hate to do that but I would get paid 50 cents oh we recommend a big pile and jump in it and then we have to rake them all up again I like to run through the leaves and hear him go crunch [Music] I think it's Thanksgiving [Music] I want to go to Grandma's for Thanksgiving looks good yeah I call it turkey day I go mom how many days till turkey day we always go to Grandma's house for Thanksgiving you know what I like about Thanksgiving everything I like turkey stuffing cranberry sauce potatoes and gravy and we can eat all we want [Music] that looks good can you please give me a piece I'm gonna wait till all of our relatives get there and then about noon we eat and then everybody gets finished you get your dessert and they sit down talk [Music] this way why are the trees do in the winter they hibernate just like some animals do look at all those bare trees there's only a few leaves on them the wind is blowing them off the branches there it goes it sure has a long way to go yeah it's gonna be a crash landing [Music] [Music] boom he's dead look at those trees all the leaves are gone coming to be winter time to get out the sweaters and jackets so we can play outside oh is that cotton and it's milkweed pods looks like cotton I bet it's a cold and windy day outside it's gonna snow any day now ride em cowboy look at all those cattle you better round in my face cause Winter's coming oh sir me [Music] look at all those birds on that wire I bet it's time for the birds to fly south how do they know when they're supposed to leave [Music] probably after all the leaves had fallen because then they can't hide in the trees anymore there they go lines out to warmer weather yeah more food I think we better get ready for the winter too [Music] this has a real early Sesame Street vibe to it uh with showing footage and then having kids narrate it I um was watching uh we have a subscription to HBO Max and they have a bunch of early Sesame Street footage and um so they have like four episodes of the first season which is unfortunate because it really the first season just I mean that I grew up with that stuff and uh that you know I I was the target age for Sesame Street so of course I watched it that and Mr Rogers um but man it was so good but the format of this is very similar where you have you know they you have kids talking about animals or you have kids talking about uh being clean um so it's it's no surprise that this this format is also used in educational films all right what do we got what do we got now um so many things to watch um you know I'd like to know is how the ear functions and I I don't know if this is an American company that made this or British let's find out enjoy foreign [Music] the modern miracles of sound Motion Pictures and radio open up vast sources of entertainment and instruction to benefit from these we need our ears which interpret for us the multitude of sound waves they receive now if you will lend me your ears while watching this picture on the screen I will tell you about these invisible waves and how our ears are able to convert them into sound we all know that if a pebble is dropped into water ring-like ripples spread in all directions over the surface a doorbell ringing sends out similar but invisible wave-like impulses which travel through the air with a speed of about 1100 feet per second sounds of every kind are transmitted to our ears by just such waves even now as my voice comes to you it is carried by these Airwaves to be conveyed to your own brain by nerve impulses created within your ear as we shall see the speed of conversion requires the highly refined and perfect mechanism which is our ear to begin with air impulses are caught by the outer shell and directed into the ear canal now let us look into this canal by using a specially designed instrument like this otoscope which is used by physicians when examining our ears there in the center we see a small now here it is at very close range and very much enlarged sound waves Beat Again brain as drumsticks beat upon a kettle drum or tip in them so it is naturally called the tympanic membrane it lies a little more than an inch from the outer opening and completely shuts off the eardrum from the ear canal just as a drum head completely covers a drum hidden immediately Beyond this barrier lies the oddly shaped and highly specialized organ which by far surpasses any instrument of human invention in its ability to detect and to interpret sounds of every conceivable kind and degree it is indeed rightly called the most remarkable mechanical system in the human body and now let us examine the general position of this apparatus when seen from the front here is the ear canal and the more internal parts which have an outlet into the throat the eustachian tube this important connecting passage opens just above the tonsil like other important sense organs the air lies close to the brain all sound waves entering the ear are converted the shortest path to the auditory Center which controls the organ and where sound perception or hearing is located the bones of the skull also encase the inner ear here we can see it occupying a group of intricate Hollows and channels these in turn lie safely protected within the hardest portion of the temporal bone this portion is actually the hardest bony structure in the whole body now let us greatly enlarge the picture of one ear so that we may examine its construction and its in Greater detail in this sectional View the ear is divided into three parts first the external or outer ear consisting of the shell or Pinna and the auditory canal or meatus these and many of the parts that are to follow have been given their names because they resemble familiar objects a second the middle ear or eardrum also called the tipanum consisting of the drum membrane already compared to a drum head and the drum cavity this is shut away from the outer ear by the drum membrane but communicates with the throat by means of the eustachian tube already mentioned the most striking feature of the middle ear are these three Tiny But delicately fashioned bones they're called the ear bones or ossicles like the outer ear the middle ear contains air it is the purpose of the eustachian tube to equalize the air pressure on both sides of the drum membrane to prevent its being injured by violent noises or changes in air pressure beyond the middle ear lies the third part called the inner ear or Labyrinth unlike the outer and the middle ear this part is filled with a liquid instead of air and contains the delicate apparatus which transforms sound waves into nerve impulses and now let's look at a still larger view of the middle ear with its three ear bones or ossicles and then see what happens when sound waves strike the drum membrane this bone consisting of a head and handle is called a hammer or malleus and is fastened by the handle to the drum membrane United to the malleus by a joint is the anvilar incus which in turn touches the Stirrup for stapes the foot plate of the Stirrup is attached by a movable ligament to an opening which is called the oval window if from any cause the drum membrane is forced inward its movement is transmitted to the stapes and the upper part of its footplate swings into the inner ear as on a hinge repeated pushes make the plate swing in and out agitating the liquid which fills the inner ear see how sound waves coming from a ringing Bell act upon the ear mechanism here we see in slow motion how these sound waves by beating against the drum membrane are carried across the middle ear to the inner ear by the chain of ossicles the inner ear or Labyrinth contains the minute but extraordinary mechanism which finally converts sound waves into nerve impulses if the eardrum should be destroyed sound waves could still reach the inner ear through the surrounding bone and cause some sensation of hearing but destruction of the labyrinth itself causes complete deafness the Labyrinth as its name implies consists of a maze of passages or tunnels hollowed out of the salad surrounding bone these passages are Loosely lined with the skin or membrane now if we remove its surrounding bone we reveal the shape of the entire Labyrinth as it is formed by its Landing membrane part of the labyrinth consists of these three ring-shaped passages called the semicircular canals these however only Aid the body in keeping its balance and need not be considered in connection with hearing our real interest is in this rounded portion with the two small openings and of course the part with which it is United and which looks like the shell of a snail returning to our sectional view we see that the rounded portion contains a hollow chamber lying between the middle ear and the snail a number of openings lead to adjoining Parts slight doors do from a hallway so it is called the vestibule these openings in the vestibule lead to the semicircular canals actively related to the hearing mechanism are these two openings which have already been pointed out on the outside of the labyrinth and which allows sound wave pass from the eardrum to the inner ear first of these openings is called the round window as covered by a very thin membrane the second the OVO window through it I received sound impulses transmitted by the plate of the state peas which covers it and the third opening leads into the upper half of the passage which has the shape of a snail or cockle shell and so is called the cut wheel within the cochlea is contained the mechanism which finally converts Sound Vibrations into nerve impulses let us look at the inside of this amazing little instrument we were to slice through the middle of the cochlear and then turn the separated portion face upwards we would see inside a spiral-shaped canal which circles around the central core of bone called the medialis Canal is divided into an upper and lower Portion by a membrane shaped like a spiral ramp membranas of a highly complicated internal construction and when agitated by sound waves sends out nerve impulses these are conducted to the brain by nerves which unite to form the main auditory nerve leading to the auditory Center now let's look at a simple diagram of the cochlea and its action and this time let's take off the top here again briefly we recognize the vestibule with the oval window covered by the stirrup and directly below is the round window covered by its membrane and here is the third opening which leads directly into the inner channel of the cochlea this white line represents the all-important spiral membrane which transforms sound waves into the sensation of hearing as we have seen before the filled with a liquid now here again we observe the action of sound waves upon the ear this is merely a simple picture of the complicated action that results when sound waves enter the inner ear by way of drum and air bones the liquid when set into vibration causes wave-like shakings of a spiral membrane these shakings in turn set up the nerve action which when carried to the brain results in the sensation of hearing the ear then is a very delicate and complicated mechanical device astonishingly sensitive in its ability to separate and to distinguish a vast medley of sounds it excels by far the most ingenious and delicate instruments ever devised by man while we possess the great blessing of good hearing let us always strive to protect and to preserve this most precious gift of nature [Music] was that from I'm thinking of The Bugs Bunny cartoon oh Broomfield you're so lovely um yeah uh so that was not uh Encyclopedia Britannica or Coronet or it wasn't British um but man I love those illustrations they're beautiful beautiful illustrations um and all the pronunciations are pretty great that's probably not made for kids maybe for uh high school students or college students but uh pretty great all right I've got another film set up here um what what this is fun with words this is another film from Robert Patrick thank you Robert again for the T-shirt um Etc thanks for tuning in today too guys um I should say that you can support us many different ways uh by one by watching and commenting two by sharing three by hitting the thumbs up or the like buttons uh the Subscribe button or the notification button depending on how you're watching us you can also if you're on YouTube you can there's a little dollar bill thing which is a super thanks you can donate to us and that money will go to buying artist tape um and cans for films and shelves and all that stuff uh but you can also buy his coffee at uh ko-fi.com avgeeks or patreon.com those are other ways to support us so here is fun with words enjoy [Music] foreign [Music] I know many things about him that I want to let you know you could find out all these things for yourself if you met this boy but you don't have to I'm going to let you know about him by using words I'll begin with this word Larry it tells us the boy's name so I call it a naming word a person's name even your own name is a special kind of naming word it starts with a capital letter many other naming words for instance some words I'll use to tell about Larry don't begin with capitals of course you already know Larry is a boy is another naming word for him and did you know that Larry has a sister and that he is her brother and here's Larry's father Larry is his son that's another naming word to the boys Larry plays baseball with he's a pitcher and to those he plays football with he's a halfback you see these are all naming words for a person Larry and there are also naming words for places and things for instance the clothes Larry wears are things a cap a shirt and a jacket with these naming words I've let you know what Larry sometimes wears now I want to let you know about some of the things Larry does and to do it I'll use another kind of word Larry sits he reads he laughs he points he hops I call these words doing words they don't name people places or things but they tell about actions what someone or something is doing I can let you know more about Larry by using doing words along with naming words for instance Larry runs Larry is a naming word it tells part of an idea runs is a doing word it tells another part of the idea the two words together tell the whole idea and other naming and doing words go together in the same way for instance you remember Larry is a halfback that's a naming word a half back kicks he sometimes throws and once in a while he even Falls each of these doing words is an action word that goes with the naming word halfback to tell an idea remember a short time ago you knew nothing about Larry Now by using words that name and words that do I've let you know quite a lot about him about what he likes to do and even something about his family and there are some other things I can let you know about Larry and about these two kinds of words for instance here is where Larry lives here is his bed that's an Aiming word and here is his football another naming word and here are his toys still another naming word but wait this naming word is different from others we've seen it ends with the letter s added to the naming word lets you know that Larry has more than one toy I'd also like you to know that Larry has more than one book he has books and he has more than one car he has cars so when I use naming words to tell about more than one person place or thing I usually add the letter s to the ends of the naming words this rule doesn't work for all naming words but it works for most of them now I've told you about things Larry has by using naming words and I'd like to tell you what Larry does with his things using doing words for instance Larry has taken the game out and he plays plays as a doing word now Larry has a car and he rolls its Wheels roles is also a doing word have you noticed that both these doing words end with the letter s when doing words end with s it usually means that one person or thing is doing something right now and now Larry is picking up his football punts is a good doing word to use about a football but even though Larry doesn't do that in the house he remembers that yesterday in a game he punted punt it this doing word tells about something that happened a while ago and it ends with Ed many doing words about things that happened a while ago end with Ed for instance if Larry were to put his boat into the water now I would say he sails it but if he did it yesterday or last week I would say he sailed the vote since he did it a while ago the doing word ends with Ed so to tell you about things Larry did a while ago in the past I sometimes can add Ed so I can use naming words to tell about one person place or thing a toy or more than one person place or thing toys and I can use doing words to tell about things Larry does now plays or things he did a while ago played and using naming words to tell you about people places and things and doing words to tell you what is happening now or what happened a while ago I can let you know about any place Larry may go and anything he may see or do for instance Larry's sister sometimes takes him to the zoo that's a naming word there he walks and he looks doing words he looks at the Kangaroo a naming word as it hops a doing word he looks at the lion naming while it eats doing he looks at the monkey as it swings and the seal as it swims there is more than one giraffe there are several giraffes remember naming words that end with s tell about more than one person place or thing and here is a bear who sometimes growls he's not doing it now but the last time Larry was at the zoo the bear growled the doing word ends with Ed because it happened a while ago with other naming and doing words I can tell you many more things about what Larry does and the places he goes did you notice goes is even a doing word and Larry goes to school he goes to the store and the theater and once in a while he goes to the airport the names of all these places are naming words at all these places Larry learns shops eat and sometimes he looks doing words using naming words and doing words I've told you quite a lot about Larry and the things he does and listening to me you may have come to know him pretty well maybe there's something you want to let others know about a place a person or a thing and maybe you can do it by putting naming and doing words together I've told you my thoughts about Larry a boy you didn't know anything about a while ago and you can tell your thoughts to people using words that name and do foreign [Music] thanks Robert again for the film and uh also this amazing t-shirt this cornet logo pretty cool um yes I can be plied with gifts to show things uh this also this one can had a bunch of things on it a bunch of stickers and things like if this film needs repair of any kind please make a note of it on the paper and tape it to the outside of the film can film number blank and then you got different different variations on it um and then also there's one that I saw it was uh that this was a preview print and so a preview print um that piece of paper if I can find it here it is all right so this is a used preview print uh for purchase evaluation new prints are guaranteed to be in crisp and beautiful colors so uh that is what we're running into with a bunch of these cornet films that we're scanning is a bunch of preview prints and so why do we scan those when we have beautiful prints uh well one is we don't know until we actually run it uh two a lot of the stuff that we're scanning is actual uh prep material so it's actually there's no soundtrack or it's a b-roll and so this allows us to get a sync sound and this would be something that we could maybe use to reconstruct a film if we had like the color elements of it and it was a black and white film or it was a faded film then we could reassemble uh the scenes we don't have the time to do that at the moment but at some point we will uh and then you'll be able to see other stuff um thanks for tuning in today it was really fun as always love seeing your guys's comments love seeing your faces faces being your comments um but I will be back again tomorrow on Tuesday and we'll have some more stuff to watch uh thanks again and everybody as always uh nope I don't want to click on that one um please rewind love each other and uh we will see you tomorrow goodbye everybody