AV Geeks 16mm 4-1-2024

e e e e e e e e for hey I'm skip elamer welcome to the avgeeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 millimeter films and um today we're going to watch uh I don't know I'm itching to watch some math films so let's watch this film on division [Music] enjoy [Music] once there was a yellow belled for flusher who spent his summers in Ireland it's a final land Ireland but he migrated each Aon and wintered in the south of France yeah one September the four flusher made his usual preparations for migration he packed his bag blasted weight allowances checked his umbrella and consulted his map the for fler was a meticulous if lazy know bird and he like to migrate in a leisurely way he divided each Day's Journey into three equal distances that way he could have a bit of a fly before lunch a bit before afternoon tea and a bit before dinner the for flusher knew how to divide whole numbers you also knew how to divide with fractions What number divided by 3 will equal 27 what number multiplied by one gives four so his journey completely planned before flusher set out but over the English Channel he ran into a bad stormation though he reached shelter he lost his luggage his umbrella and worst of all his map no matter he went to the nearest gas station and got another map Mercy m but the bird saw with horror that on this map all the distances were given in decimals and the for flusher didn't know how to divide with decimals oh Horrors is my journey to be disrupted the for flusher first thought was that perhaps he could find the right distances by estimating for example the next stop was 15.6 km away if it were only 15 km away dividing the trip into three parts would make each part five kilm long if it were 18 km away each part of the trip would be 6 kilm long since on the map 15.6 is somewhere between 15 and 18 15.6 divided by three must be somewhere between five and six but where now the four flusher did know how to add numbers Express as decimals and how to subtract them and how to multiply them to multiply decimals we think of them as whole numbers compute their product and then place a decimal point let's try the same method in division 156 / 3 is 52 since by estimating we know the answer to the four flushes problem must be between five and six where should we put the decimal point 5.2 or 5 and 210 let's check our answer by multiplying it checks let's try some others it looks as though when a number expressed as a decimal is divided by a whole number we can divide as if we were working with whole numbers and then place the decimal point in the quotient right over the decimal point in the dividend what would the quoti be here let's check our answer by multiplying so the for flusher was able to compute how far he should fly before lunch but when he tried to take off he discovered he had hurt himself in the storm I am afraid M that you have pulled a muscle in the wing but I image get on I would recommend no more than 9.8 kilm a day until you are fully recovered the for flusher still had 147 km to go if he could only go 9.8 km a day how many days would it take him unfortunately the for flasher still hadn't figured out a way of dividing with a decimal is there any way of changing this problem into one which requires has us to divide by a whole number let us see a simple division problem 12 / 3 is four now let us see what happens when we multiply both 12 and 3 by the same number two well 12 * 2 is 24 and 3 * 2 is 6 what is 24 4 / 6 24 / 6 is 4 the same answer as 12 / by three oh we see that if we multiply both of our original numbers 12 and 3 by the same number two we get the very same quotient four by what number could we multiply both divisor and dividend in this number sentence so as to change 9.8 to a whole number 10 correct now we can divide the whole numbers so the for flasher resumed his trip knowing it would take him 15 days to reach his destination but suppose that instead of 147 km his destination was 159.5mm by another number expressed as a decimal could you discover how to do [Music] that [Music] you know so I was thinking like I was doing some math and I was realizing that for me to watch all the films and to show you all the films in the archive I'm going to have to double up uh so let's go ahead and watch these next films uh split in half [Music] enjoy hello Linda I see Bob is having some trouble with division he's not using what he knows about place value I see and he's not using using his Division and multiplication facts very well either even though he has worked the same problem several times he keeps getting different answers Bob I think you need some brushing up on division let's start our brushing up right from the beginning with very simple ideas here's an easy example 12 / 3 as you know there are two ways of indicating division but we'll use this way of showing it of course you know what the answer is four but what does 12 / 3 = 4 really mean we can illustrate one meaning this way Once Upon a Time in the kingdom here are 12 squares a great wall let's divide them into equal groups three squares in each group The Great Fortress of their B are four groups by dividing found how many groups of three there are in but an unfortunate incident occurred this time let's divide the squares so that there are three equal group it all started on a warm autumn day there are fourques in each group met on their way Time by dividing we found how many there are group Woods Where They Came Upon a cave with a div to find how many equal groups curiosity how many in each equal group they emerged very now let's review what the terms in division are called that evening the number to be divided is working long the night they finally pulled a the number you divide by is its reflected life was almost blinding for the object was Sur the largest diam ever discovered the quoti tells us how manyal numbers the woods the first Village they came to was that the size of the divis they decided to leave the together to equal the dividend while the W went to his do you remember how to check division in even division when the excited wles arrived to help decide what done with the great gem appear decision had already been made as you can see division is just the opposite of multiplication between the wles and the DRS now suppose a dividend can't be divided evenly by a divis the sun rose on an empty let try acoss in the direction of the village bright rays of light place value when the angry DRS arrived at the wagle Village they were told that the diamond would remain at its present sight first of all you have to remember 163 is really 1 100 610 and three One Nights later since you do not have enough 100s to make a group of five you must think of the 100 as 10 the next morning A W wasent to see if the where they suspected it be as he approach the great how many equal groups of can we make from and evenly by five from that you know what to do Bob things were never the same all right then Linda to remember that there are three groups of five tens in 16 tens you have to think of the next number lower than 16 that can be divided by five that number is 15 had you forgotten that division years of this the Waggles were bound to come up there's easy way to remember a division fact if you forget it when you're trying to think when the first came flying over the wall the DRS knew that they were no longer safe think of this they also knew it would be matter of time the W would capture the great Diamond your multiplication facts tell you that 3 * 5 they were determined not to let the Waggles get it either because you know this and you know that 15 / 5al 3 small so you see the multiplication find the answers in made plans for smuggling the The Fortress notice that the is in the T place that's because it answers the question in 16 tens how many equal groups of five T are with their hats three of them then someone had an idea they could hollow out the heels of their boots the stones in them what a perfect go on it was found 16 Stones would fit inside each dividend one car how many groups of five ones can we find or 32 diamonds in his boots and notice that Bob is putting the two they had to figure out how many DRS were needed to carry all the diamond two groups of five ones well they had with7 Stones do you remember what this three is one person could carry 32 stones that left 45 Stones 163 divid person could car2 more St remainder three that left 4 to check this example of uneven division we multiply the divisor said if one person carries 32 Stones then 10 people can carry 320 that left 103 Stones then we add the remainder three stones that left seven now you can see that multiplication is opposite division they would need one more person to carry change a number into groups of equal addends in multiplication we combine equal addends plus 10 now Bob let's try an example with a two Place divisor or 15 people 65 Stones each another person for let's remember Val Stones now let's divide into how many groups of 13 T can six t be divided and the 16th put seven stones so we think of the dividend has 65 ones now to divide 65 ones into groups of 13 Bob is thinking just as theing their white flag was seen waving from the top of the impregnable Fortress a the DRS had surrendered the gates were opened and the Victorious W rushed in the first thing they did for the great Diamond he thinks as 110 plus three on everywhere 6 * 11 10 they couldn't understand 6 10 how could you hide something as large as the great diamond equals 18 ones which equals 110 Plus 8 on Diamond D on now Bob adds both in a Flash they realized what happened to the great Diamond 11 are 71 in the woods the 16s could hear the pr of the Waggles 6 * 138 spoke out but 78 having the great is not they will never again behold its beauty that's right try that wasn't enough they had lost 5 * 13 equals she felt it was time for [Music] Peace So the DRS and the Waggles signed a treat our div it was decided to divide the small stones among VES five groups of 135 27 wle families that 54 families now let's look at the problem that's been giving you trou 487 Stones 10 divided by 24 they would need here's what this problem is about the school band is going to give a concert next month and which holds 1,658 people if each family got five St and Bob are and they want to divide the 1,658 tickets to be sold equally among 24 rooms of their school how many tickets should each family three more Stones Bob 3 * 54 or 162 Stones there still left 55 stones to be divided up if each Tri quot until you find the true quot that would be 54 Stones which would leave one stone the stones could be divided up so that each family got five you're forgetting Place Value Plus One or nine stones and there would be one stone that's better over what should they do about the one stone well the DRS thought they should get it because they were the ones who had cut the great Diamond small stones the Waggles said that they should have it because they won the war very good if you give 69 tickets to each of the 24 rooms to sell you will have two and said that they should place the last between the two villages to remind them of their GED you want to check the the long War and the Beautiful Diamond they once multiply together the quotient 69 that and the divisor 24 and add the remainder to you know so I was thinking like I was doing some math and I was realizing that for me to watch all the films and to show you all the films in the archive I'm going to have to double up uh so let's go ahead and watch these next films uh split in half enjoy suppose you have a length of ribbon and you wish to measure it you have a rule 1T long you're going to see how many times the length 1T is contained in the length of the ribbon it is so the ribbon is 3 ft long when you measured what you really did was to divide the length of the ribbon by one TR to have three here is Donuts how many friends our measuring will be two Donuts we're going to see how many times first they subtract one or subset of three now they subtract another subset of three it is three times 6 / 2 = 3 and now the last subset three so there are four subset the answer by what's going on another name this isn't a ball game it's a mathematics filmis 12 div let's use some of these objects to find out of dividing is to remember down and could youy balls roll one set separated into subsets of three could we have the shoes this is the division pack that shows this all right we have 10 shoes here let's just to make sure none of them have walked offals four now let's find the answer to another question 3 you ever play divid 8 9 10 okay together now as you can imagine we want to put these 10 shoes the set of 12 Rings is two things that go together like a pair of shoes let's see how many pairs two of you shoes walk over to you also see that it's going to take a long time to find the answer another two but there's a thinking the easy how many rings will there be how many oneir there are in one keep going until you're all in pairs none left over now that all the shoes are group pairs How many pairs are there a second ring 1 contain times until the Rings have been divided into subsets group the pairs of another way of saying pairs is to say grou of twos the symbol for in a set how's this ma sentence me shoes We're going to give you the boot problem you can walk out now by4 we will find how many 1/4 are well in a way actually we're going to use these chairs and tables to do another division problem we have 13 chairs and we can put a group of four chairs at each table so let's put the chairs in groups of four at a table and see how many tables we fill equivalent subsets wow is that answerid answer to both questions is the same let's try that method one well now how many groups of four did we make from a 1 three groups correct chairs are put into groups we get groups how would we write that as a mathematical two by the number of on we have that's right we two but what about that remaining chair question I was just getting when you do division things don't always come out even sometimes there's something left over we call it the remainder like this answer is 13 / with a remainder of take is 12 so 12/ see how that might work before we knew how many were in each set and we had to find out how many sets now let's do some division where we know how many sets there are and then have to find out how many in each set for instance let's say each set is a team of balls we want two teams we want to find out how many balls on a team there are 12 balls out [Applause] thereal 12 now the balls have grouped themselves into two teams or two Division and how many are divide by a FR also find out how many times there are six balls in the first number of one we have 5 * balls in the second set right there are six balls on each each set now how would you write that as a mathematical sentence we started with 12 BS the denominator how many 3 * that's right you really bounced out that answer and I'll bounce it right back to you so we see that we now have balls left over we could even say two parts such as well it was fun playing ball with you guys that contain in a multiplication track these are the best in division and there's guys now and our divider is 2/3 so the part which is left over is 1 half of our now here we have a pack5 card one and's pret we have three players three equal sets find out how many cards in each set now what about this 4 / one how many times is 34 that sure was a fast deal see how many there's left overuse the number of our start at four at a time to the cards in each hand or each you so we R put so how would we write the division sentence if you wish to find contained in I know just turn the fraction there's your answer the of one indiv try some more okay back in the deck cards let's say two more people join the game and that there are five players we want to deal the cards into five sets let's take 7 / 0 remembering that division is the inverse would say this invert let's what number tells us how many times that fraction is contained in in each in multiplication there is right Z thatal 25 / there no we cannot Z or by Z that's terrific let's send the Cardy one last we know divide div any number by a fraction you invert your div by zero would moving zeroes to the left 2 but zeroes are see how we might our if we cannot move any sentences she wants to make some / let think about zero with our set of 12 requ if we divide the now you got it that's division you really deserve a big but Mary wants to know but if we had only three two each of three persons would get just one the answer she inverts divided by 3al 1 and multiply suppose we have no r zero Rings each of three persons will get zero rings so 0 / 3al 0 in division 0 divided by any number is 0o we have seen that in division a problem like 12 / 3 could really be asking two questions how many subsets of three in the set of 12 she finds that her arithmetic as given correct answer how many in each subset if we separate the set of 12 into three inets Tommy is building a scale model of an airplane if we how many toble our answer tells us the number of subsets four he finds that he needs four strips if we know how many equivalent subsets the answer tells us how many in each wood four 34 of an so we can solve our division problems by knowing our division 316 of an inch wide Nancy and Jack also use [Music] multiplication and are students Al [Music] together the arrowhead stood for Oklahoma the team for Texas together they stood for the 36 Infantry Division before World War I was over they stood for a lot more a courage and fighting [Music] spirit oneall and one the other the 36 was formed in 1917 from National Guard units out of Oklahoma and Texas but its ancestry goes a lot further back for the Texas war of independence every war since then as a division itself in World War I when peace came it was disbanded and the men returned to their homes and [Music] jobs not long after the war it was reorganized this time it was made up entirely of men of Texas it was still the 36th Infantry Division they still kept the same patch but now it was known as a Texas division as a National Guard division the 36 remained inactive until until the trouble started in Europe us followed by 1940 when the German armies invaded France and the Lans the 36 was mobilized again when the jff struck at Pearl Harbor the 36 was in [Music] [Music] training a year later they were still in training during this time the strength of the division had been periodically paired to furnish trained cies for new divisions being formed throughout the country Replacements we got came from all parts of the country in the spring of 43 the division sailed for overseas everyone thought we were finally headed for Action instead we wound up in Africa for more training when we weren't training ourselves they put us to work training other troops by this time a lot of the new guys in our outfit were beginning to believe the tea on our patch stood for training guys must have been dreaming how many fall before we left Africa and this time there wasn't any doubt about it we were headed for the continent we knew we were going to make an assault Landing but no one seemed to know where we didn't know where we were going but the morale was high it should have been Banas spre out many we figured we were the best trained outfit in the army a few days before we landed they told us we were going to Italy for the first crack at the mainland about the same time we heard that Italy had surrendered looked like we weren't going to see any action after all not much anyway on the 9th of September in 1943 we landed at slno we didn't have the usual Naval bombardment to solten the enemy the operation was supposed to be a surprise we were the ones that were surprised first theault waves got a Shore all right while it was still dark then the Germans began to let us have it we're all set to blast us off the [Music] beachs between their artillery in the hills and their planes overhead they almost [Music] succeeded while the engineers struggle to clear the beaches of mines and obstacles began to push inland were waiting for us with machine guns and mortars finally got some artillery aore and that helped a lot many started moving forward [Music] again then the Germans attack with their [Music] tanks had to fight them with infantry weapons until we got our tank destroyers [Music] ashore and with the help of the naval guns and artillery we finally drove them [Music] off began pushing Inland now began the bloody fighting for the hills around the beaches we took them one by one 140 386 fight for Hill 424 was a tough one we took it and lost would want Germans attack with their tanks again they were trying to split up forces and they almost succeeded involed the Navy moved in closer and began using their big guns while we got the air support we needed so badly finally we even got reinforcements they flew in some Airborne infantry German attack was broken up the fighting went on less than a week the power Troopers in a bloody fight had retaken Hill 424 in ALA we had control of the area around senno the Germans began to pull back and the division went into Reserve most people it was Winter before we went into the line again this time near manano to relieve the third was raining and cold when we moved up German went a line stretched in front of us blocking out Vance to the north our job was to break through to do this we had to drive them from their fortified defensive positions in the Hills there were three of them the help of the largest concentration of artillery since L alamain took the first one mamino [Music] ma we had to fight to take it we had to fight harder to hold it s ill 1205 is our second objective High about a fortify Banas we had a tough time taking M Longo was the last German position blocking our way to the north Italian Brigade had tried to take it and had been cut to pie we were more careful we moved up the back slopes of Mount Longo under the cover of Darkness attack at dawn we surprised him and took the hill without a [Music] fight after the fall of Mount Longo the Germans gave up and began to withdraw San Petro the little town dominating the main highway to the north was ours what was [Music] left but the battle wasn't over Germans were fighting bitterly to cover their withdrawal Christmas 1944 found of 36 with some of its battalions reduced to less than company strength still pushing after the enemy slow but steady advance to the north came to a at the entrance of the L Valley how many the Germans had prepared a new line of defense along the redo River and they were waiting for the bridge of f conect they didn't have long to [Music] wait we attacked [Music] twice and twice we were driven back quite a few of our men got across the repo how but not many came [Music] back after the fight at the redo what was left of the division was sent to Sania in the north here the 36 crossed the river the freezing cold of mid-February took up defensive positions in the hills around Casino we didn't have the troops to assault the key German strongholds on Mount casino and mount Cairo we held on to what we had beating off repeated attacks by the ger how many H the Air Force tried to get the Germans off Mount Casino the historic old Benedictine Abbey was destroyed when it was all over Germans were still there near the end of February with only a fraction of its fighting strength left 36 was relieved and sent back to Naples to rest [Music] up two months later after refitting and taking on Replacements division ano to take part in the May offensive the 36 was in reserve when the big push started the breakout from the beach head they were committed when the advance of the Fifth Army had come to a halt before vetry the last German stronghold blocking the way to Rome the 36 was brought up and ordered to take it we did one of the most brilliantly conceived and executed maneuvers of the entire Italian campaign [Music] the attack became a mass infiltration by the division under the cover of Darkness we moved through the Enemy Lines and occupied a High Ridge overlooking the town the engineers put a road in we brought our guns up the Germans didn't discover us until the following morning then it was too late they attack but we of the on the following day our troops entered [Music] vet the road to Rome was open well that's the Germans were pulling back and we were right on their heels let's see how the flower the Romans had already started celebrating their Liberation when we enter the [Music] city right but we didn't stop language we kept right after the retreating Germans fighting their rear guards now who do you suppose wanted to plant carrots in by the end of June we had reached pamino it was the end of the line for us 36 was relieved again we returned to to prepare for another assignment are not aware in mid August after a month and a half of training and refitting the 36 sale for France as part of the seven b our assignment sounded good we were going to the Riviera the only trouble was the Germans were still there the only hope they were so busy with the invasion in Normandy there wouldn't be many of them in the South wi shw just below San Raphael this time there was Heavy Naval and air [Music] [Music] bombardment Landing was a surprise the whole division with all its supplies and equipment went ashore on a narrow Rocky strip of beach it took the key points along the shore and headed inland this wasn't anything like senno we were moving fast some days we covered as much as 100 miles that was a good reason for Speed we were racing to cut off the German 19th Army which had left the mar area and was trying to get back to Germany they were following the Rome Valley they caught them north of Monty [Music] lar while our reconnaissance elements blocked the main Escape Routes artillery went to work on Long Columns of enemy vehicles that jam the roads bump the bumper now it was our turn to do the chopping up they finally broke through but it took them 8 days they left a lot of their troops and Equipment behind we chased what was left of them as far as LEL Lear then the division stopped for regrouping when it started out again the 36 was spearheading the six core attack across the mzelle in preparation for the crossing we attack Remar and all [Music] the fighting was still going on when we made a crossing at Sand boy point in between the Melle Bridge head was established the 36 pushed into the vog mountains after the retreating Germans and the V Advance suddenly slowed down to a crawl the terrain was bad and it was getting cold we asked one child how we work the Germans were putting up a stiff [Music] fight already clearing the voage hills was slow and treacherous work one battalion the first of the 141st was cut off and isolated for almost a week without food or water they fought off repeated German attacks until they were rescued the 4 42nd n regiment attached to the division by the end of November Advanced elements of the 36 had reached the St Marie pass the highest and narrowest pass of the vge mountains was heavily fortified and the Germans considered it impregnable the 36 was AED to taken we attacked with a Combined Assault and flanking Movement we used so effectively on Italy it worked they told it was the first time in modern history that pass had ever been taken children winter set in we took the city of Salat and went on the defensive guarding a front line over 50 Mi long early December saw a bit of fighting all along the line the Germans [Music] [Applause] Counterattack we almost lost sa stat we kept it by turning every house we occupied into a fortified position by Christmas time the German attack had let up the 36 after setting a record of 135 continuous days in combat was relieved and sent to the rear for arrest the question might it was a sh here we New Year's Eve 1945 the Germans launched a full scale attack which threatened to cut off and encircle the entire six core 36 was immediately recalled and committed the cold was so intense regiments on line Duty had to be rotated almost daily by the end of January the enemy initiative had died out and we were preparing for a fulls scale attack early in March the 36 broke through the enemy's defense line along the MTO [Music] river by the middle of March thead elements of the division had crossed into Germany southeast of wisenberg and were preparing to attack the secret line the lead elements tried to breach the line the others took to the heavily wooded Hills and attacked the heights which were important features in the enemy's defense plan it was a slow costly fight the Steep wood slopes always [Music] guns locating them and then reducing them one by [Music] one 4 days later after a fierce night attack elements of the division found themselves behind the impregnable s line bur bur Doran Bach and Bolen born fell an enemy resistance in the area crumbled breaching the secret opened a Floodgate now forces poured into Germany and moved on the Rind within a few days the entire division was drawn up along the rine awaiting orders [Music] on the 36 it looked like the fight was over they received their first rear area assment occupation Duty in the saw Basin late in April the division crossed the danu and re-entered the seventh Army line lansburg popping up behind the fast moving 12th Al 10 I want you to R yourself there was more mopping up in Bavaria early in May 1945 we were in Austria were busy cleaning up when the war ended 36 moved rapidly those last days of the war his time was profitably spent included in its bag of prisoners with such prominent party and military leaders as Von runstein and Herman Goring somehow it seemed only fitting that the 36 should be the one to bring in these leaders played an important part in their downfall in 20 months of combat it won a reputation as an outfit that could be dependent upon to accomplish The Impossible the hardship its troops had endured the heroism they had displayed had also won for it 10 presidential unit citations and 15 Congressional Medals of [Music] Honor the cost of been high some 27,000 casualties but the 36th Infantry Division had earned the right to take its place among the great fighting outfits of all [Music] time people ordinary reality [Music] temporarily um April fools uh chaos it took me forever to do that last week uh and I obviously lost track of how many things were on the screen at the same time there were so many timelines that I was working with and I and it was like this the second time I did it cuz the first time I did it was even more chaotic and uh I ran out of films about division um but we pulled all the films that we have about division and we showed them and it looks like in the comments you were divided about what you liked and uh yes uh I did not do this live I did this uh recorded last week and it was um yeah it was it was too much for my brain too much anyhow thank you for watching just take a dumb joke and just drive it into the ground um there you go uh at least it wasn't wondercat right at least it wasn't uh clowns right all right well the other thing is like we watched 20 films in less than an hour brilliant 20 films so at some point maybe that's just what it's going to be like if I'm like oh yeah we got to watch all the films we're just going to watch 20 films uh an an hour and maybe we'll knock through it um so thank you again thank you uh there was one kind soul and maybe I shouldn't list who it was who donated um to ko-fi.com I don't know I I don't want him to get backlash but thank you so much I appreciate it you can identify yourself in the comments if you're willing to take the abuse but um if you like what you saw hit the thumbs up um I get it it was a lot but there you go thanks everybody for tuning in um thanks for all the comments they were hilarious uh I was reading them to my assistants as we were watching and uh I'll see you tomorrow tomorrow is just going to be what we call single Channel this this was what is called a multi-channel presentation tomorrow's going to be single Channel I swear honest um but thanks again and we'll see you tomorrow take care every everybody bye e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e for