A/V Geeks Lunch 9-21

do so so so so so so so so so so so so all right um i'm not sure why that didn't have sound on it um i'm gonna have to hunt that one down again visually though it's it's pretty awesome um hi i'm skip alzheimer welcome to the av geeks lunchtime streaming show where we watch old 16 millimeter films um from the av geeks collection of over 30 000 films and uh we have lots of different topics that we cover and uh i have a film set up on the telecity in the back here which um i think it's about heat pumps so let's watch this film about heat pumps enjoy this house in burlington ontario is owned by bill loosely a thermal engineer when he built it in 1951 he installed a heating system based upon a device known as a heat pump a refrigerator in reverse everyone who has a domestic refrigerator has a heat pump because their system they take the heat out of the refrigerator box and they put it in the kitchen but in my case i have a larger system and i take the heat out of the ground and put it in my house it's not from hot springs or anything like that because we don't have them in this area just strictly from the heat of the earth from the sun during the summertime and the warm air going over it so that i really just take the heat out of the ground that's my storage spot and you might say well how in the world you do that well i've got copper tubes buried in the ground they're about five and a half feet down and about six feet apart you see they're in lines uh along through the garden down through this side now this area the froth goes down about three feet but at the depth i have my tubes why the temperature is probably 40 45 degrees the year round now that you've seen where the ground coil is outside maybe you'd like to see the rest of the equipment in the basement so why'd you come you in the heat pumps over this way now a heat pump consists essentially of a compressor which moves the freon around and that's this item right here now we need a motor to drive it and this is the electric motor which does that job now we will start with liquid freon which comes in at this point and it goes through an expansion valve where we have the compressor head pressure on one side and the compressor suction pressure on the other now the liquid frame comes up through the expansion valve and out through these tubes into the ground now there's a principle of physics that a lot of people learned in high school that whenever you have a liquid under reduced pressure it boils the reduced pressure causes the freon to boil and boiling requires heat so it takes the heat out of the copper tubing and out of the ground surrounding it now the prion vapor returns and it comes through those four tubes down below now i must stress that it's vapor not liquid uh comes back through these copper tubes from the ground coils into the manifold and into the suction side of the compressor that's just a well-known law of physics that when you raise the pressure on a gas you increase the temperature now at this higher temperature that makes the heat available for heating my house so from the discharge of the compressor you have a hot compressed freon and it goes through this pipe and into the condenser in the other room ordinarily the heat pump starts and stops by the thermostat upstairs but in this case i'll just start up manually so you can see it running so now the hot compressed freon comes from the compressor in the heat pump room through this pipe and it goes into this heat exchanger now it's very similar to an automobile radiator it's an extended surface where you can blow air through it now we have a conventional warm air heating fan which takes the air from the house blows it down through here up through the heat exchanger where the air is warmed and the warm air is circulated through the warm air ducts into the house now in the meantime the freon and the heat exchanger is cooled down and it condenses to a liquid and the liquid just drains out the bottom down through this receiver and then it goes out this pipe back to the heat pump room where it goes through the expansion valve and back out into the ground coils and it's just a constant circulation of the freon through the system there's just not really that many things to go wrong because it's a sealed system and the compressor runs and it's all an oil bath i can't see or anything's going to really break down i've kept a record over the years of the number of kilowatt hours and from that can be deprived the cost of operating the heat pump now the hydra was very interested and they supply me with a meter which measures the power that's used on the three horsepower motor to drive the heat pump now it varies slightly over the years and as everyone knows the cost of power has gone up but four or five years ago i could heat the house for about 65 dollars for the season and now it's up to about 75 dollars for the cost of power which uh compared to the average heating system is considerably less with my unit it operates with three horsepower motor and for every unit of energy i put into the driving the motor i get six times as much in the way of heat to put in the house which is one reason why the pump is a very satisfactory machine that it picks up low grade heat from a heat source such as the ground and makes it available for heating a hose i've been heating my house now with for 23 years by taking the heat out of the ground and it's proved to be a successful system i thought you'd be very interested to know what the unit cost well i built this one it was about twelve hundred dollars which doesn't include a lot of my labor but uh the cost now i think you're thinking of something in the order of four thousand dollars at one time where the cost of fuel was low why then the cost of building a heat pump seems to be very high but when you're paying say four or five hundred dollars to heat a host then you can certainly take a second look at the cost of the heat pump which has a low operating cost there are some requirements you really need for a heat pump and that's especially when you use the ground for a heat source you'd have to have a sandy soil where you had quite a high water table my house is on a lot that's what 80 by 120 feet the possibility of me trying to freeze this enormous block of earth around the house solid is very remote because it's really such a small system now the temperature that we keep our house is well 69 to 70 degrees and it could be raised up to say 75 but the higher the temperature you have in the house and the efficiency of your heat pump drops off because there's a relationship between the ground temperature and the temperature of the building you're trying to heat that you'd have to raise the pressure on the freon gas that would have to be raised to a higher pressure to give you a higher temperature and that means that you would burn or use more power in the electric motors with these methods greater use could be made of our fossil fuels we're going to just have to do it because they just aren't going to last forever so we have to find better ways of developing heat and making the best use out of what fuels are available for you no expense in bringing you um films from the 1970s about efficient heating and cooling technology so i was reading an article the other day that was actually saying that you could use heat pump technology for air conditioning as well just the reverse that film is fascinating to me because it is for a national film board or canada film that's a pretty dry film normally they have lots of they jazz it up and it's there was some animation in this but you know they make it something that's really compelling instead of just having uh this guy just talk talk talk and talk like this um someone in the comments talked about that he was like colin robinson from what we do in shadows who's an energy vampire who thrives on boring people with tedium um pretty great uh let's watch this an encyclopedia britannica film about light and let's learn how it's done enjoy [Music] me [Music] it's the first sunny day of the week and it's fun to get out and ride of course it's always more fun if john and bill come along but not today john has a new camera and he's been waiting for the sun to come out too and bill well he's going to have his picture taken that is he thought he was but that's no camera fact is bill's never seen one of these before so john explains that this is his father's light meter this little needle shows how much light there is his father told him that if the needle pointed between 1 and 200 there would be enough light for a picture using his camera and film the meter will be very helpful to john it will show him when there is enough light to take a picture and when there is not enough light to take a picture bill had never thought about that before about light and how different it can be from the shade all the way to the brightness of the sun itself there that ought to be a good shot but wait a minute if that light meter shows you when there's enough light to take a picture let's see if we can take a picture inside bill's hobby is tropical fish he's very proud of them and he thinks they'd be great for pictures even better than he was say they are beautiful aren't they john likes this idea he's ready for action this ought to be easy but now wait a minute john has a problem there's less light in the room than he thought nope it looked bright enough but the meter shows there's not enough light for his camera well maybe they can find some things that will help to give more light how about some candles people used to use candles for light before electric lamps were invented fact is when the power fails candles are still used once in a while so let's measure the candle light no the candle just doesn't give enough light this lamp is much brighter but look light won't pass through the metal shade we call such material opaque hey there's one that's better some of the light comes through that shade that material is translucent but there's still not enough light well there's a chandelier and it's transparent it lets all the light come through but that won't work says john the light is too far away from the fish here's another lamp and if you turn it up like this it's pretty bright well let's see what the meter shows not bright enough but as the lamp is moved closer it seems much brighter to john and the meter shows that it is so the next thing to do is move the light in close to the subject john now has enough light to take a good picture but where's bill bill's going to make sure they have plenty of light here's another lamp they can use just plug it in turn it on now for that picture but john seems to have another problem the new light will show right in the middle of the picture instead of all the light passing through the glass some of the light is bouncing back to their eyes it's being reflected but the boys soon find out that if they move the lamp the reflection moves so if they raise the lamp they're able to raise the reflected image of the bulb up out of the picture now john can take his snapshot there that does it john is satisfied but not bill bill's not thinking about pictures anymore he's trying to figure out what happened when they had trouble with the reflection bill's curiosity helps him to learn he finds that he can block off the reflection he also notices that this happens only along a line from the lamp to the glass and along a line from the glass to his eye bill is finding out that light travels in straight lines move the source and the reflection moves as well now let's see what else can we learn about reflection do other things reflect light in the same way a mirror gives a very good reflection doesn't it let's see how good bill finds that by shining a flashlight in the mirror he can get a very good reflection even on the other side of the room and the light still travels in straight lines so the mirror is a good reflector because of its smooth shiny surface smooth polished metal like this picture makes a good reflector too but because of its curved surface it does funny things to bill's face doesn't it what about the top of this table how does it compare with the picture in the mirror not so good is it yet it does reflect some light without the reflection of light we would not see the things around us here's an experiment to help show that this is true how much of john's face we see depends on how much light falls on it this light is reflected back to our eyes we see the fish in the tank because they reflect light too [Music] but now looking down into the tank john sees something unusual the thermometer looks as if it's broken no it isn't broken is it it just looks that way do you suppose light has something to do with this yes it certainly does and with the help of bill's flashlight perhaps we can understand why in a darkened room we can see how light bends as it goes through the surface of the water we call this bending refraction now do you see why the thermometer appears to be broken the light that is reflected from the part under the water bends as it comes out of the tank refraction can be very useful to us the magnifying glass bends light to make what we see look larger the light that enters a telescope bends to make far away things seem nearer some lenses bend light to sharpen sight for eyes that need help other lenses help us take pictures but of all lenses the most important to us are the lenses in our eyes we've used them to discover many things about light that the sun is our greatest natural source of light it is far brighter than the artificial light we use inside our homes we have also discovered that the closer we are to a source of light the brighter it is some materials are transparent allowing all the light to go through others are translucent allowing part of the light to go through still others are opaque allowing none of the light to go through sometimes light can cause problems of reflection as it did for john but reflection is of the greatest importance we see almost everything by reflected light without it here we would see only this we have also seen how light bends as it passes through certain materials the lens of a camera causes the light to bend onto the film and speaking of film how about those pictures say they're good pictures and they'll help the boys remember what they learned about reflection and refraction especially the one bill's looking at now bill thinks this one deserves a title this is bill beginning to see the light [Music] all right so um i i uh the encyclopedia britannica that was like 63 so we started seeing the transition into uh how they talk about light you know we don't have that voice of god narrator who's just kind of showing general information about uh light with animations and and all that we actually meet characters who are in the film um and i think that that was a change in the approach and how school films they're like we got to give kids something to latch on to and maybe identify with the fact that oh well here's a peer someone who's close to my age who is exploring and i'm exploring through their eyes versus just this kind of weird narration um that's my kind of approach my take on this um it's anecdotal i don't know if it's really true or not but um tree bank uh is a fascinating film about the value of trees uh not from a necessarily a natural standpoint but also but from a natural resources standpoint enjoy in recent years much progress has been made in planting trees today throughout america there are successful forest plantations on more than 5 million acres many of these plantations are on well-kept farms across the country where progressive farmers are using trees to increase the value of their land we'd like you to meet one of these farmers roy nelson and his son don exhibit a in a case we are about to present on the many values of growing trees on the farm the nelsons find slack season work in their well-managed plantation of trees and extra dollars to add to the regular farm income and that's not all with trees to protect the soil there's less chance of erosion and usually good clean water in steady supply where the trees grow adjacent to fields and pastures you'll find wildlife too because there will be food and cover for them where the trees grow you'll have scenic beauty and opportunity for outdoor fun yes sir the nelsons are getting full value from the trees they planted [Music] of course roy nelson is not the only american farmer who has had the foresight and initiative to plant trees [Music] other farmers and landowners who have put trees in the ground are sharing in the many dividends that growing timber yields over and above the benefits of soil protection wildlife and beauty they too have learned that there's money in the trees they have planted they find there's a good market for small timber in pop wood [Music] there's also a market for posts and polls [Music] they get these short-term products as intermediate crops by thinning the thickly growing young stand of trees opening up the plantation and letting the daylight in helps the trees that are left to grow faster for future crops in the south there's a market for tree gum turpentine gives additional income an extra payday from trees that will be cut later to thin and improve the stand [Music] farmers who got into tree planting early are cashing in not only on intermediate crops but from the sale of logs for lumber for some farmers the greatest value they get from the trees they plant is in the form of shelter belts trees to shield their crops from the drying wind [Music] trees to make their farm life more pleasant and enjoyable [Music] now we leave it up to you isn't this plantation of trees pretty and can't you almost see the dollar signs hanging on the branches under the soil bank act there's a wonderful opportunity right now to plant trees farmers in particular can get into the nationwide tree planting program at a considerable savings in cost and in a short time start to reap the earnings from their tree bank there's a lot of land that's eligible for planting as part of the conservation reserve land that up to now has regularly been used for crop production including tame hay of course cropland that is eroding or otherwise run down is ideally suited for planting trees trees could help hold down the soil and hold back the water many people are wondering if there will be enough trees to plant the land that is eligible under the soil bank well in public and commercial nurseries across the nation millions of seedlings are growing right now and room is being made for more you see it doesn't take much space really to grow the little fellas in just one of these beds there are more than thirty thousand seedlings enough trees to plant thirty to sixty acres depending on how far apart the trees are planted up to now the smallest state nursery has been producing a million tree seedlings a year the largest nursery up to 35 million right now however in forest nurseries all over the country both state and commercial the theme is expansion with work going on at an accelerated pace to grow the planting stock needed for the soil bank job it takes real care and know-how to operate a successful nursery [Music] the seed beds must be carefully prepared [Music] the beds are leveled off and packed firmly [Music] the seeds are sewn by hand or by machine just the right amount goes into each bed then they are covered with sand or a mixture of sand and sawdust to help them germinate protection is afforded by mulching and by shading weeding is a necessary operation in every nursery tree seedlings need plenty of water for proper growth depending on the kind of trees and where they are grown it takes from one to three years before they are big and strong enough to leave the nursery [Music] our special device is used to lift the young trees from the ground [Music] then they are lifted out by hand and the loose soil is shaken off [Music] careful handling is essential at all stages right through packing and bundling these seedlings will go to farmers participating in the soil bank program [Music] the truck has eighty thousand pine seedlings aboard enough to plant 100 acres or more [Music] like other farm jobs planting trees is no snap especially if you have to do it by hand and that's the way it often has to be done particularly on small areas of course when you get your neighbors to join in the planting bee the job goes faster if the trees are to live their roots must be kept moist right up to planting time and the seedlings must be planted right again careful handling roots straight down correct depth and solid packing [Music] sometimes small machinery at hand can be adapted for planting trees [Music] just the right spacing and you can plant a lot of trees in a short time [Music] on larger fields where the going is good a tree planting machine really puts the trees in the ground this one will plant up to 1 000 or more trees an hour [Music] after the trees are planted they still need some care just as any valuable crop does you've got to keep livestock out and fire too a plowed or dist strip makes a good fire break sometimes just like a cornfield a young plantation needs weeding cutting out the undesirable brush and low value trees will give the planted trees more living room almost from the start a plantation of trees adds to the value of a farm of course in some places trees grow faster than in others it depends on what kind of trees they are and on the growing conditions but whatever their age or size tree plantations start yielding early returns in soil and water conservation in shelter for wildlife and in creating a more pleasant environment for those who actually work and live on the land [Music] sooner or later the plantation starts paying off in dollars and cents too and that gets us back to exhibit a the nelsons through the years since roy first planted these trees the nelsons have taken pride in their plantation they have nursed it protected it worked in it and are now reaping a well-earned harvest with more to come the nelsons are living proof that planting trees and taking care of them does pay off pays off in many ways including hard cash well that's our case on the value of planting trees there's no doubt about it you can bank on trees because trees are like money in the bank [Music] if you are eligible under the soil bank act if you have land that might well be taken out of crop production and put into trees see your county agent or local asc committee man for information when you're ready to plant your state forester can furnish technical assistance the young trees you plant today will quickly grow in value and become your tree bank of tomorrow glorious your tree bank of tomorrow um i'm reminded of the uh kenmore film freeze in which talks about the time bank that a freezer is actually a time bank when you're making uh homemade pizzas for your family you make a couple more and you put them in the freezer so that you can save time later by just defrosting it and it's an excellent concept um horribly horribly executed with uh frieza um but this is you know fascinating usda film uh trying to encourage uh farmers to like your you know your fields are spent um maybe you can plant some trees uh and uh make some money all right um i have another film set up on the telecity us telecini of course is a film transfer machine it allows us to transfer flicker free from 24 frames a second to 30 frames a second and watch stuff that we haven't transferred um i show stuff that's already been digitized but i'm adding more stuff that i haven't seen or we haven't digitized and so uh this is let's go out together and i looked at the title i was like huh is this for is it like a dating film like what is this um so let's watch and figure it out together enjoy bye here we go [Music] [Music] let little children look to the richness of living that is their city let them reach out from the strength and beauty of the culture to which each has been aired help them make the city their own by their joy in each other and in discovery as they move out and then come back to a classroom to build they will learn to mold the city with energy and caring for here among people is the frontier land of their times [Music] and let's all go up together but to know each other let's all go out together [Music] who knows where we're going today we're going to love fire station right jimmy wants to be a fireman when he grows up with anybody else and look who wants to tell us about this picture me okay t-shirt what do you think and what's this stuff all wound up on the back of that truck [Music] this here's the helmet you all try it on if you want to see what it's like [Music] [Music] these boots when we put them on as you see it has an extension that'll fall all the way up it's probably bigger than some of these that are here [Applause] okay [Applause] [Music] now the firemen need this because we have to ventilate the buildings in order to let all this smoke and heat gas escape now also if you had fire in the floor or in a wall excuse me [Applause] oh [Music] [Applause] [Music] right [Music] the tallest building in philadelphia be sure to look up your billy pen on top when you go out on the platform here statue's been standing after 80 years on top it's 37 feet high and 53 000 pounds that's more than you weigh i know [Music] it oh like a giant toy that was electric and it could go by itself all you have to do is watch it potatoes the lobsters [Music] [Music] do you remember how many pump holes we need yeah we need three cups full of apples yes you may taste that [Music] do you think right shall we pour it in here one cup full what is that the crusts for the pod there wasn't a lady who lives in the what to shower [Music] look at this [Music] tickets for five adults and eight children placed at allegheny stations [Applause] [Music] this is a very very it's big river river look how far away the water goes way out here you can see look now we're going to take a walk up to where the uh ships are i got a big one look at that the is going up in the air he's going to pick a big piece of heel up look at how big it is very very heavy bringing it down now [Music] [Applause] [Music] so wow we are loaded by turning it in different directions [Music] so [Music] weather let's all go out together let's all go out together got to know each other better let's all go out together let's all [Music] ourselves and each other exploring and growing with one [Applause] [Music] weather another all go out together let's all go out together got to know each other better let's all go out together let's all go out let's all go out together [Music] all right um that was great it had a song i don't know was it good enough for uh the toe tapping tournament uh should i make that note in my database um uh i don't know not as exciting as a jimboro song maybe um but uh thanks everybody for tuning in today uh if you like what you saw you can um hit like and subscribe in fact it'd be great if you did that today just hit that button and uh or that thumbs up or whatever um just to say like hey this is uh this is interesting uh internet uh monsters um let's keep them alive um also uh you can go to avgeeks.com and see other films that we have put online over the last many years 10 years or longer and finally you can buy us coffee by going to buy me a coffee.com av geeks and um yeah uh so we'll be back tomorrow one o'clock everybody have a great rest of your day and uh we'll watch some 16 millimeter films together tomorrow alright take care bye eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three eight seven six five four three seven six five four three