A/V Geeks Lunch 11-17-2021

so [Applause] um [Music] m but sweet um so that was uh chapter 72 of um eb's uh french foreign language series of which we have several versions or several um chapters and uh yeah so the deal is you'd watch that maybe watch it a couple of times then you would practice it um etc anyways oh i'm skip alzheimer welcome to the av geeks lunchtime streaming show uh where we watch old 16 millimeter films and um comment on them because hindsight is 20 20 and of course we know better now that's what's so great is watching these films and then realizing like wow we totally forgot that uh we totally have rolled back uh however our stance on x and uh so oops uh but here's a i've got a film set up on the telecini which is our machine that we use to transfer uh films and um this one is on place values hopefully we will never change our views on place values enjoy [Music] this is joe's bakery this is joe the owner and this is henry his helper the person joe is talking to wants to buy 326 chocolate chip cookies and he wants them in one hour so now joe needs to make and count a lot of cookies fast there are many ways he could keep track of how many he's counted here's a way that isn't so good what if joe made a lot of cookies and put down one mark for each one that would work for a few cookies but how would it work for a lot he'd have a mess on his hands how would he know when he got to 326 is that 326 is that who knows that's not the best way to find out how many things are in a group let's look at a better method we'll use numerals to count cookies but we'll use them in a special way joe is putting in the ingredients and henry will help push buttons so their machine can make the cookies they need the cookies will end up here one two three four four cookies so far we call this the ones place because we are counting things one by one five six seven eight nine ten cookies we write ten this way this time the one goes here if we put the one here that would mean there is only one cookie instead we put the one here in what we call the tens place and we put a zero here in the ones place to let us know that we have ten cookies and not just one cookie this one in the tens place means we have one group or set of ten cookies and the zero shows that there are zero cookies left over so one can stand for one thing or one group of things one slice of bread or one loaf of bread one egg or one carton of eggs one ant or one army of ants [Music] one cookie or one group of ten cookies if we were counting other things this one could mean one set of ten planes or one set of ten toes or one set of ten fingers let's see how many cookies we have now one two two sets of ten cookies so we put a two in the tens place how many sets of ten are here one two three joe has three sets of ten cookies now how many sets of ten one two three four five five sets of ten cookies we write that numeral like this five in the tens place because there are five sets of ten cookies and a zero in the ones place because there are zero cookies left over joe and henry still have a lot of cookies to make to fill their order these are the cookies joe has so far and here comes some more now let's write the numeral that tells how many cookies joe has there are one two three four five sets of ten so we put a five here in the tens place and since there are one two three four five six seven single cookies left over we put a seven here in the ones place five tens and seven ones 57 cookies and here are some more eight nine ten that's another set of ten that makes one two three four five six sets of ten cookies and one two three four single cookies or 64 cookies in all seven sets or seventy eight sets or eighty and one two three four five now there are eight sets of ten cookies and five single cookies eighty-five eight tens five ones nine tens ninety and another set of ten that makes one two three four five six seven eight nine ten rows of ten or one group of one hundred cookies let's see why we write one hundred like this so far we have used only two places the ones place and the tens place to write one hundred we use another place the one goes here in the hundreds place now the one does not stand for one cookie or for one set of ten cookies the one stands for one set of 100 cookies the zero in the ones place shows that there are zero ones left over the zero in the tens place shows that there are zero tens left over the one in the hundreds place shows that there is one set of 100 cookies now let's look at some other sets of 100 things just for some practice here is one set of 100 cats here is one set of 100 birds and here is one set of 100 bugs now the machine is making a lot more cookies here's another tray of 100 cookies now we have 100 cookies here and 100 here or 200 cookies how do we write that numeral two hundreds zero tens zero ones two hundred cookies so far but the order is for 326 cookies almost there here are two more trays of cookies let's see how many cookies there are altogether one of the new trays has a hundred cookies so now there are one two three sets of 100 cookies and the other new tray has two sets of ten cookies and six single cookies that makes 326 chocolate chip cookies so now joe has enough to fill his order when you write numerals remember a numeral in the ones place tells you how many single things you're counting a numeral in the tens place tells you how many sets of ten you're counting a numeral in the hundreds place tells you how many sets of one hundred you're counting learning to use these places makes it easy to count and write numerals now the cookies are packed and finally they can be delivered to the person who ordered them [Music] [Music] do [Music] no so here i'll show you this so i have this i don't know if you can see it it's kind of cable stretch behind some stuff um so this is the little controller that i have that controls tell us any so i have the ability to adjust color uh light speed um and some other aspects of it so um yeah i think they called it the commander that's what it was i had to pay extra for it versus using the knobs here but anyways oh yeah this is awesome look at this um so this sometimes appears at the head or tail of a film and this is used for color calibration um you know a lot of times there is a picture of a girl and we call it a leader lady or a china girl trying to doll it has lots of different names um so anyways that's for the lab to check the color on the print it's useful for us because we can often color correct based on information like that all right um so i've been going through a bunch of the films that we've been scanning from our collection and rendering them out so that we can broadcast them and this is one that i just found on a drive that is called courtesy who me enjoy [Music] [Applause] you aren't trying calvin you can make lots more noise if you really try funny celia whose turn is it to take out the trash calvin's i did it yesterday okay okay calvin hey uh i think i hear the bus the trash is right by the door calvin haven't got time mom [Music] hi rafe what you got pretty neat huh [Music] hi rave what you got i just got it put together last night [Music] wow hi louisa calvin you cut that out i thought you liked airplanes [Music] calvin that is not nice [Music] hey where'd you get the red paint i didn't see any it's there hey everybody's supposed to have their own you don't want to be selfish do you well you might ask first oh calvin you used it all up that's okay i don't need anymore now look what you did that's not very nice calvin you are not very courteous who me [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] hi ray thanks for saving me a place come on calvin no cutting in yeah get on back there honest rape was saving me a place weren't you right yeah come on we're almost done so nuts i forgot to get a straw here i don't need mine thanks uh what's the matter peanut butter and jelly peanut butter no jelly you know me man i'll eat it what orange [Applause] no i don't think so [Applause] that wasn't very nice that was good peter who else would like to read their story betty we haven't heard from you in a long time my story is about this little pig here he is and this is his mom my story is called muddy one day muddy's mom called him to come to dinner muddy was very dirty his mother was cross and she said you wash your feet and your face where you can calvin sorry betty just a minute calvin how would you feel if someone did that to you now [Music] [Music] what's the matter can't you see straight pitch it in there come on ernie hit it oh what's the matter afraid to pitch a straight one to him kick the ball kick the ball oh ernie what a clunk that's three ounce and i was a mess okay kids that's enough kickball let's get a couple of captains here and choose up for a dodgeball game me mr shafer can i can i hey mr schaefer me i'm the best dodgeball player hold on let's see how about kim and archuro him first i choose luisa oh no okay rafe what about me fred why do you want fatso he can't dodge anything ernie he's blind he can't even see the ball coming jenny you're kidding diane jim betty gail [Applause] okay calvin guess you're on my team [Music] come on aren't you coming over to play nah oh come on you always come over no i don't want to dinner's all ready just a sec [Applause] let's eat this is delicious mom why thank you dear have a roll well uh yeah mom thank you would you pass the milk please thank you what did you say thank you [Music] [Music] well that was nightmare fodder um visually i think it's the eyes the eyes were like little mouths um and you know if they had not i'm sorry i'm kind of mid eating an apple that kind of ended quickly on me um if they had not like done a hard line here if they'd kept it consistent and then just move this below i don't think it would have been as jarringly weird i don't know i don't know but the the soundtrack somebody pointed out in the comments that uh synth soundtrack was pretty awesome big fan okay i have another film on the telecity behind me and you can see in the monitor right there it's an alfred higgins production um i'm just going to continue chewing real quick sorry i know that's gross anyhow one of the things i just noticed is um a feature in obs reset itself so the things that i was sending via the telecini were lower resolution like blocky and so i just tweaked that i think i fixed it so let's see what happens uh so anyways this is uh poisons all around us enjoy [Music] right there [Music] toys and information center miss herman you have a teenage boy lucifen gasoline do you have any idea how much you got approximately half a million people a year are victims of accidental poisoning while most are children under five years of age statistics show that all ages are casualties of this tragedy they have an adult male who's eaten some mushrooms fine would you please because accidental poisonings are common there are almost 600 poison control centers across the country these centers have been designed to have the latest information on poisonous substances and the recommended treatment it will develop within two to 24 hours so you want to get a chest x-ray in the past 20 years so many new chemicals and household products have been developed that it's impossible for physicians to know all of those which are poisonous and if so how poisonous and what to do check the chest frequently do not make him vomit the national clearinghouse for poison control centers constantly furnishes new information to the centers this file contains information on over twenty thousand items one of the most active centers is located in the children's hospital in los angeles california the thomas j fleming memorial center over 80 percent of these accidents occur in the home with simple household products that we don't even think of as being poisonous such as matches colognes ink even vitamins and aspirin but in the hands of a small child or if taken accidentally by an adult they can be harmful even deadly when camping it's natural to cut off a branch to hold a hot dog but this branch is oleander it could poison the meat and you over 5000 cases of eating poisonous plants are reported each year many involve children but not always would you ever think that the sprouts of the ordinary potato are poisonous just as are these beautiful rhododendron indians once ate the leaves to commit suicide most people know that wild mushrooms can be deadly but a child chewing on that lovely different bakia would be in real trouble these pretty beads are made from castor beans a child chewing on them could die because there are so many poisonous plants and unless you know for sure the rule is if it isn't grown to be eaten don't the fact is poisons are all around us and the possibility for accidental poisoning is always present [Music] consider the case of someone who can't sleep because of a cough and is careless [Music] a serious mistake the rule never take medicine in the dark [Music] many people store poisonous items right beside foodstuffs the results can be deadly then there's the handyman who keeps his paint thinner in an old soft drink [Music] [Music] the bottle about storing poisonous items is obvious also dangerous are containers without labels or the accumulation of outdated medicines and prescriptions long after the user remembers what they were for one of the most common problems is the inquisitive child who strangely enough is usually under the care of a parent at the time of the accident what makes it easy for children to drink poisons is that sometimes they can't tell the difference in the taste of things so another good rule don't forget about children and poison [Music] in case of poisoning there are life-saving steps you can take the first important rule to remember is to keep calm in almost all cases you do have time to help give the victim milk or water to dilute the poison in the stomach in the case of a small child don't at first give more than half a cup of liquid with adults give a full cup next call the nearest hospital or your family doctor for further instructions this is important do not decide for yourself what to do next it could mean the victim's life have the poison container handy so you can answer any questions i think my little sister just swallowed some lysol there are a number of different types of lysol exactly what kind is it it's lysol brand disinfectant okay keep calm and keep your little sister still have you given her any milk or water good i'll have to call the poison center on that type of lysol so give me your phone number and i'll get right back to you poison information center miss weiner oh yes doctor you have a four-year-old girl that got into lysol fine has she been given any milk in this particular lysol you have seven percent phenol and that can produce some burns so she should get the milk fine and then have her come on in and check her mouth and throat for any corrosive burns fine thank you hello dr ryan i take it your parents aren't at home okay i'll call an ambulance and send them right over when you get instructions follow them carefully this applies to any chemical medical plant or venom poisoning a very important rule do not automatically make the victim vomit unless a doctor tells you to with many poisons you do but not all some caustic products may harm the victim even more if vomiting is caused because then they pass through the throat twice it's also important to know what to do if acids corrosives or poisons spill on the skin [Music] flush the area at least five minutes if you have to take off clothes wait until after you have the area of contact underwater even if you must get in the shower then call a doctor or emergency hospital and ask what to do [Music] if something should splash in your eye the rule is do not rub it or blink keep it open and flush it for 10 to 15 minutes with clean water but don't do this if something pierces the eye in either case call for medical advice that was great glorious uh let's see what do we got what do we got on the docket um let's learn about the principles of electricity thanks to general electric [Music] electricity is one of our most faithful servants it gives us light it starts our cars has unlimited uses in aviation circles the globe with entertainment it cooks and refrigerates our food these represent but a few of the innumerable applications of electricity electricity at work but what is electricity and where does it come from to answer these questions let's look in on the world of electrons the entire universe is composed of matter a basic concept of the structure of matter is essential for the understanding of electricity because the very force that holds matter together has an electrical nature there are many different substances each a combination of some of the 92 known chemical elements just as yeast flour salt sugar and shortening are the ingredients used in making bread so are the 92 elements the ingredients of all matter and if one of these elements is reduced to its purest final form its smallest unit would be an atom no one has ever seen inside an atom however we think of it as a system of electrons certainly around a heavy nucleus at almost inconceivable peace in order to explain the principles with which we are concerned in this story let's assume that we can stop the action within the atom and further let's acknowledge that this is a symbol representing the atom and not an attempt to show it as it actually is it is impossible to show the correct relative proportions of an atom on this screen for example if an atom could be as large as the united states one of its electrons would be only about 100 feet across therefore to tell our story we must resort to a symbol then we can think of the atom as being a group of relatively light small particles arranged around a heavy nucleus these are particles of electric energy the lighter ones the electrons are negative electric charges and the heavier one the nucleus carries positive charges normally a state of balance is maintained within the atom by a positive charge in the nucleus equal to the total negative charge of the electrons and when the atom contains its normal number of electrons it is said to be in electrical balance to be in a neutral electrical condition it is possible however to disturb this normal balance whereupon the unbalanced atom assumes an electric charge too many electrons will produce a negative charge too few will throw the balance onto the positive side in order to visualize better the effect of this let's introduce a color code in which the positive charge or an absence of electrons is represented with red and the negative charge a predominance of electrons with blue then an object that is in electrical balance will be purple and equal part of each of the positive and negative charges we have been concerned so far with the electrons within individual atoms now let's see what happens when two or more neutral atoms come together the outside electrons will no longer move exclusively within their original atoms but will circulate about both atoms at once and if we bring many such atoms close together as in a piece of metal then many electrons detach themselves from their original atoms and move freely throughout the metal as long as the metal has its normal number of electrons it is electrically neutral but like an individual atom it can lose some of its electrons and become positively charged or it can pick up more than its normal number of electrons to become negatively charged the electrons always try to get from a negatively charged body to one that is positively charged in relation to it and if they are brought together the electrons will flow from one to the other until both objects are equally charged the establishment of unbalanced charges in matter is in all instances the principle of the generation of electricity to illustrate further this principle let's analyze the a chemical solution is added then some of the zinc atoms go into the solution leaving a few of their electrons behind in the metal zinc becomes strongly negatively charged now a piece of electrically neutral copper is put in a chemical solution in another container the copper will become very weakly negative since the copper has a smaller negative charge it is positive with respect to the zinc and if the two metals are connected the electrons will surge from the zinc to the copper and the charges will become equalized this momentary current has little practical value however if we now connect the solutions the charges in the solutions will become equalized and the metals or terminals will be charged we will then have an unbalanced condition of the electrons in the metals capable of producing a continuous flow of useful electric current all of the work performed by electricity requires a flow of current there are three related factors that affect the flow of electricity they are pressure or voltage current intensity and resistance first let us consider pressure with nature always trying to maintain an electrical balance there is a tendency for any negatively charged object to throw off or repel its excess of electrons and for a positively charged object to attract electrons this urge to maintain an electrical balance is potential electric energy and since this potential energy is a repelling and attracting urge caused by opposite charges its force or pressure is equal to the difference in the charges it is called the difference in potential or potential difference the unit of pressure or potential difference is the volt the voltage then is always the potential difference at the negative and positive terminals of the source of the electric energy it represents the difference between the number of extra electrons at the two terminals and when a suitable path is provided the potential difference causes the electrons or current to flow from one terminal through the conductor to the other terminal to explain how this works let's review the action of the atoms and their electrons in a piece of metal where we saw swarms of electrons moving freely in all directions about the atoms substances in which this takes place are good conductors of electricity if an outside electric pressure or voltage is applied to a conductor the electrons will move predominantly in one direction the effect is that electrons move from the negative to the positive terminal this is the electric current the unit of electric current is the ampere one ampere represents now hold on to your hat six billion three hundred million billion electrons passing any given point in one second current or amperage then is the number of electrons that pass a given point in a given time and now the third factor resistance this factor is controlled by the nature of the material through which the electrons flow again going back to the motion of electrons in a metal we said that they moved freely about and among the atoms however even in the best of conductors some of the electrons collide with the atoms tending to the movement of the electrons this is the cause of electric resistance collisions are more probable in some metals than in others therefore different metals offer different degrees of resistance to the flow of electrons for example copper has low resistance it permits the electrons to flow freely with few collisions and is therefore a good conductor iron offers more resistance than copper collisions with the atoms are more frequent in some substances no electrons are free to move around as in the metal all of the electrons stay with their atoms so that no current can flow these substances are the insulators glass porcelain rubber and many others the collisions that the electrons have with the atoms set the atoms into more violent vibration this makes the metal hotter if there are enough of these collisions the metal will radiate heat and light heat and light from electrical sources then can be obtained as the result of resistance in some metals the unit of resistance is the ohm its value is best understood when its relation to the other factors is explained a pressure of one volt produces a current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm whatever the source or the magnitude of electric energy these factors always have the same relation to each other so in order to supply our great demands for electric power we must have facilities for generating great currents at sufficient pressures to overcome the resistance of the lines as well as to do the work power for industry transportation and light as well as for many other conveniences we use in our daily lives our only sources of current able to perform these amounts of work are the electromagnetic generators in order to explain the manner in which electricity is produced by electromagnetic generators and used in most electrical machinery let's have a look at magnets and magnetic fields the earth itself is a magnet so are the tiny electrons all of the electrons in any object are tiny magnets when a predominant number of these tiny magnets point in one direction we have an extremely small magnetized block called a magnetic domain magnetic material that is material capable of being magnetized is made up of such domains pointing in all directions when these domains all point in the same direction we have a magnet in some materials such as copper the tiny magnets of the electrons never line up these materials are non-magnetic can not be magnetized every magnet has a magnetic field may be made in various shapes to provide convenient and strong fields to understand how a magnetic field is useful in the generation or application of electricity let's go back to the electron mr electron and watch him move across the magnetic field will you do it again bud now notice as he enters the magnetic field he's deflected from his original course his deflection depends upon his velocity now as we have previously shown conductors have many free electrons and if a conductor is moved across a magnetic field the mechanical action causes the electrons in the wire to be deflected just as we saw mr electron deflected this in effect establishes a negative and a positive charge at the ends of the conductor we now have two charge terminals capable of producing a continuous flow of electric current just as we had in the cell this is accomplished in practice by providing a means of continuing the movement of a conductor within a magnetic field in all electromagnetic generators regardless of size the same principle is used to generate electricity the deflection of electrons in a conductor moving across a magnetic field the same magnetic fields and forces are also used in making an electric current perform useful mechanical work remember that an elect moving across a magnetic field is deflected if the electron were moving in a wire as when electric current flows the deflection of the electron would cause it to push against the wire tending to move the wire billions upon billions of these tiny pushes combined to provide the force the stronger the current or the greater number of electrons the greater the force moving the wire these forces on current carrying wires in magnetic fields furnish the power for all electric motors from the simplest to the most complex from the smallest to the largest electric motors the principle is the same the deflection of electrons flowing in current carrying wires by magnetic fields in fact interaction between the magnet and the electrons is the basis of all electric devices and now we may summarize that the billions and billions of atoms of which the universe is built are composed of positive and negative electric charges that these charges are normally balanced in matter that by unbalancing these charges electric energy is made available that the urge of nature to restore this balance creates electric pressure and at the response to this urge the action of the restoration of the balance is a flow of electric current the flow of electric current n is simply the movement of electrons away from objects that have acquired a negative charge to objects whose charge is relatively positive it is this principle that has made possible the countless electric devices which contribute to the comfort and fulfillment of richer and happier living today devices which will expand that better living to unlimited horizons in the future devices whose operation is dependent upon nature's design for matter demanding that matter itself shall always seek a state of neutral electrical balance [Music] all right so we had some not so scary animation there um hold on to your hats billions and billions um yeah i love love that film there's some great uh excursions in science films made by ge um i have a couple but they're in black and white but that one was a beautiful color now at the beginning you'll notice that there was that weird kind of splotchiness that would kind of go past and then you would hear this so that's water damage essentially what happened is water got onto the reel into the film and so that was the emulsion kind of all like the gel just kind of gooing up and it the sound is the soundtrack soundtrack is also emulsion and so that's uh it was also um messed up and so that's the sound you got and um you can tell it was chances are because i know this from first-hand experience with uh thanks to hurricane fran um you have a real film that's in a can it's it's on a shelf and if the water kind of comes up it will seep into the can and it will affect you know it'll make its way up and so you're kind of left with this periodic damage and the water might creep up so i lost a couple hundred films because of hurricane fran and power went out and some pumps stopped working and there were eight there was eight inches of water in the basement at the time not not at this archive but at a house i lived at and um i was really depressed about it but i got contacted by this filmmaker uh bill morrison who makes movies with decayed film and he was working on a film called acacia and he was like hey i'm looking for some footage of some damage film he was mostly using 35 millimeter nitrate that he got from i believe from library congress in national archives but uh he did use some of my stuff so it actually he paid me to kind of go through my collection and find the films that were damaged um and he was you know i just basically put together reels of damaged film that i sent to him i mean he ultimately probably threw it away after he scanned it but um i didn't have to do it i felt good about like oh the film's got damage but it's it's got still has a purpose in life so that was uh pretty great anyways uh thanks everybody for tuning in today um if you like what you saw you can buy us coffee uh we're we just got a dumpster at the archive and we are going through and throwing out stuff um not we're trying to hold on as many films as possible um there are films that are what we call vinegar bombs where they're seized up and then we're just not gonna be able to do anything with them those will go out the door uh and but um there's also just a lot of random stuff over a period of time you you spend 20 years in a place you start getting stuff so that's what happened here and we're coming up on i mean this is the 20th anniversary of me being in this this particular space i had not moved into the space until december but it was being renovated and i was moving films in here anyways uh thanks for tuning in please hit like please hit the thumbs up you know those are i hate to say it but those are things that really help get us out of the world and i got to see a lot of names i haven't seen in a while and also some new names so uh thanks for tuning in today and we'll be back again tomorrow uh thursday one o'clock everybody have a great rest of your day please rewind love each other and we will see you soon bye okay