[2001: A Space Odyssey Production Short Clip?]

Yes, that was just great. Osimus, would you like to take your head off and have a breather? That's terrific. Very nice. You've got it absolutely right. Now, I hope you all saw that exactly how she walked onto the picture. >> Eightman suits created on imaginative lines for a theatrical movie conceal some of Professor Tobias's students. One of the world's foremost experts on the anatomy of prehistoric man, Tobias is also an inspired teacher. >> The um sacro iliac joints and eventually the backbone itself becoming adjusted to complete uprightness. >> Professor Tobias, at what stage was complete uprightness attained? >> Probably at the stage of Homo erectus. That's really the next big evolutionary level of human development. Probably only about 3/4 of a million years ago. So it's really quite a recent development. I want you to have a little run now. Get down into a sort of crouching position. Uh, and then when I give the word, I want you to come up right, run forward in a slightly bent position, a couple of yards, and then flop down into a crouching position once again. Okay. All right. On your marks, off you go. That's great. Now, come up onto two legs and just try standing upright. Bent at the knee a little, bent at the thigh a little, and with your backbone bent over a little, just stand looking straight ahead of you. Always looking at the dangers in your path. You primates and primates live by their eyes. That's the ticket. Look straight ahead of you. That's dead right. That's dead right. Hold it for a minute or two. Right. Flop over again down to the crouching position once more. Okay. Dead right. This is how it probably started. little short spells of two-legged running and then over into the four-legged position once again. Gradually, you learn to do it longer and longer without falling over and eventually you can keep a perfect balance without falling over whatsoever. Okay. The reason why uprightness is so terribly important in the history of man is that it led to the freeing of the hands. All the rest seems to have followed the enlargement of the brain, the reduction in size of the teeth, the u gradual >> skate nostrils are not like human nostrils. They do not serve the respiratory system. They are sensory organs used for smelling and detecting the whereabouts of food. A porous nasal curtain protects this sensory organ from water intake and also prevents sand from entering it. >> Learning. If a violent tradition marks man's history, most scientists agree that society passes it on. And as for the alleged killer instincts of the African ape man, few of the manhunters