[World Cargoes]

[Music] thank you the launching of a ship is a wonderful  thing to see after months of construction and years of planning she's now ready  to be christened it's an exciting moment [Music] she's away and may God bless her it will not be long now before she joins her sisters ships in one of America's most  vital Industries our Merchant Marine ships of our Merchant Marines sail to all parts  of the world carrying cargos the lifeblood of trade so necessary in promoting good  relationships among peaceful Nations for over 30 years now I've been sailing the Seven  Seas about half of that time I've been master of my own ships with more than a million sea miles  behind me I naturally think I have a few ideas about places and people and how we can all learn  to live just a little better as World Neighbors going to see today is quite  different than in the old days as a passenger you can enjoy all the Comforts  of home and a great deal more much more [Music] yes to be a passenger on a beautiful ocean  liner is great fun but more important are the rich cargo to and from all parts of the  world you'll find Goods of every description every size and shape everything from toothpaste  to typewriters from canned fruit to Cotton goods from rubber tires to diesel locomotive you name  it it will be there for every item no matter how large or how small it all adds up to World cargos  moving constantly along the sea Lanes of Commerce men of all ages have explored the seven seas in  search of things that they have needed things that they have desired the great cities of the world  were First Trade Centers and most of them close to the Sea Athens Alexandria Naples Lisbon Bombay  Yokohama Hong Kong Bangkok Singapore Singapore that's a very colorful place to start our story  [Music] it is early morning and the sun has just come up over the Gulf of cyan we're in a Malaysian  rubber Plantation you know rubber trees must be tapped in the morning when it's relatively cool  because the sap flows more freely at that time natural rubber as you probably know has qualities  which keep it competitive with synthetic rubber and very often these two are used  together to make a better product but after a few hours the rubber milk is  collected and processed rolled into sheets then dried and dailed for shipment  overseas these Bales are bounced into lighters to be brought to our ship  for their long journey to America foreign did you know that 10 is one of  the best friends a woman ever had Tim has given her a freedom she would otherwise  never have known thanks to the tin can much of our tin comes from Southeast Asia  where great minds are constantly working to help Supply the needs of the world the  refined pure tin is molded into ingots and across the seas they come Bound for the  manufacturer and eventually your Grocer's shelves as America's great deposits of iron ore are  depleted and our needs for steel constantly increase we must import millions of tons of  war from other countries but tin and iron are only two of the many basic Metals we need from  abroad Metals such as zinc copper lead manganese tungsten nickel and bauxite which as you know  becomes aluminum which is being used more and more in the manufacture of cans and what would  we do without oil oil for heating lubricating and for the power for our diesel engines and the  gasoline for our automobiles and fuel for jet planes oil flows into America from many sources  Indonesia the Persian Gulf South America Alaska have you ever taken a really good look at  your grocery shells just think of all of the romance and the expiration the travel and  trade back of those spices and Seasonings pepper and cinnamon nutmeg and vanilla cloves and  paprika bay leaves and mustard cocoa coffee tea tea well there's a colorable story for you  this is the beautiful Hill Country of Salon where much of the world's best tea has grown  but only a few leaves are plucked at a time the they must be just right to bring the best  price from the English and American markets coffee is grown in the hills of several  Latin American countries like the tea industry millions of people are employed to  grow to process and to deliver the coffee to your Grocer's shells now just think of what that  means in terms of tonnage and World Trade dollars now perhaps some of us would be better off  if we use less sugar but I can't imagine a world without sugar can you [Music] much of  our sugar comes from tropical countries and is usually shipped in a raw state to be refined  later the hold of this ship floating in Hawaii is filled right up to the steel beams bananas  of course come mostly from Central America but did you know that the banana trade requires  fleets of ships to supply our needs and do you know from where cashew nuts come well shoe nuts  are just about the most travel nuts in the world tons of them are grown in Africa and then  they're shipped to the Malabar coast of India where they are processed and packed for shipment  overseas mostly to America 10 000 miles away cargos of tuna come to us from Japan but  the fish are not caught in Japanese Waters Japanese fishing vessels roam the  Seas far from home to supply this industry whose canned product is sold  largely to American buyers foreign delicious commodity of World Trade and shipping  is the pineapple the story of its cultivation is processing and its distribution is a splendid  example of American initiative and Industry everyone benefits from World  Trade here's Aunt Ken again the coconut tree is just about the world's  most useful tree where it provides food fuel clothing and shelter for many millions  of people live in tropical countries the rich oil of the coconut  pressed from the dried meat call is important to everyone no matter where he lives  for it is the basic ingredient of many soaps and margarines now while the oil is being pressed from  the Cobra and made ready for storage and special tanks on board ship let's take a look at another  important product with which we are all familiar desiccated or shredded coconut it's used  in candy and cookies and pies and cakes hemp starts out in life as avika a brother of the banana plant its stringy  fibers are tough and strong synthetics like nylon and polyesters  are competitors but still tons of hemp are shipped into the United States each  year to be made into rope and Twine and for the manufacture of those little bags  for tea and big bags for vacuum cleaners for Carpeting and mats and many other  products as a seafaring man I've always appreciated those rugged qualities of good  hemp lines and hausers on board my ships also from the tropics we  Americans import shiploads of beautiful hard woods to be used  in the manufacture of Fine Furniture thank you here's a thousand Japanese fishing  pole for a thousand American Tom Sawyers bamboo and his brother Rattan have  many uses just look around you and cotton that's a versatile fiber used for  clothing by people everywhere in the world we Americans import cotton as well as export  cotton it's largely a matter of quality and the length of the fiber different  people have different needs and as for the competition from synthetics cotton two  will be with us for a long long time to come from other ports of call come animal hides goat hair plumbago and graphite gelatong and  gotta-percha gum benzoin and jute [Music] elephants of course are usually treated like  passengers their destination American circuses carnivals and zoos [Music] what is this lady doing  she's diving for oysters Japanese oysters which are cultivated for pearls inexpensive beautiful  pearls for all the lovely ladies in the world foreign [Music] is famous not only for Elephants  but for freshest Stones as well these stones are mined in the same way that they were a thousand  years ago history tells us that seafarers of ancient times came to Salon to Lanka for  gems and spices Columbus was searching for a Westward passage to this Bountiful part  of the world when he stumbled upon America slowly patiently the rough stones are polished and  from this primitive machine the beauty is finally revealed sapphires emeralds rubies everything  but diamonds most of which come from South Africa for centuries the Indonesians have been  making a beautiful fabric called batik this lady is applying hot wax on those areas of  the cloth which he does not wish to be colored when she dips the cloth in dye now this process is  patiently repeated for each separate color after removing the previous wax application final  result is a creation of beauty whether it's on cotton or on silk silk has always been one  of the more glamorous imports from the Orient although synthetic fibers are popular  today we still use large quantities of silk because so many people appreciate its  full-bodied and luxurious qualities [Music] from the bazaars of the Orient  in the Middle East our ships bring rugs and carpets right out of shaherazade [Music] and from the Middle East hand  brought creations of brass silver and gold the countries of the Mediterranean  Supply us with a wealth of Art in every form perhaps your mother or your grandmother  has a cameo from Southern Italy cameos are hand carved seashells now  they may not be important on each wise but they're Priceless when it comes to beauty  and sentiment and from these same ports of call our ships bring handmade laces and linens  dear to the heart of every woman young or old European countries Supply us with  olive oil and cheese typewriters and motor cars champagne Rich  perfumes the list is endless from all over the world these  valuable cargos are constantly flowing into America and not only do these  Imports benefit us but they provide the dollars overseas which enable people in  other lands to buy our American Products remember World Trade is a two-way street now  that healthy World Trade benefits everyone [Music] most of the people in the world live on rice  and most rice has grown underwater the work of irrigating the rice is a continuous struggle  which consumes the energies of millions of people in India this farmer spends a good part of each  day treading a wheel to nowhere so that his rice will have sufficient water and so that he and his  family will not go hungry and in other places too it's the same old Story the constant battle  to raise life-giving water to Thirsty crops just think how a simple powered pump  could help these hard-working people too much water or too little water that has been  one of the man's greatest problems since he first learned to cultivate his crops thousands of  years ago too many plows still in use today are made of wood based on a design which  was familiar before the Bible was written and to plant one's crops by  hand seems even more archaic [Music] foreign [Music] just think of the human energy and time and  misery that goes into mere drudgery the world over and often for such a pitiful return a mere  handful of small fish not really an off to feed a large family and in many parts of the world  people still use their heads to carry heavy loads wearily these salt workers tread out their  lives in the hot sun without relief without hope why you may ask in this age of Miracles when man  can walk on the moon but human beings anywhere continue to work as machines or as beasts  of Burden the answer must be found and soon [Music] America is one of the Nations answering the needs  of developing countries in a forceful positive manner bringing her resources her brains and Brawn  into triumphant action forging you tools for other people to the world to use one of the best  things about world trade is that while helping people overseas to help themselves it gives work  and it earns money for our people here at home that's a very important part of World  Trade A very important part many people think of World Trade as something far too big  to understand clearly but it's quite simple when one considers that World Trade is essentially  based on the ancient law of supply and demand did you know that half of the world's  people go to bed hungry every night now to help relieve this terrible condition  American wheat other American farm products are constantly moving abroad hungry  people must be fed that is a demand and America is a huge source of supply the demand  World Trade is as simple as that supply and demand from our fields and our Farms from  our factories and production centers there moves a steady stream of cargos  flowing toward our port cities to be loaded on board ship for their  Journeys overseas [Music] thank you and in many port cities there are new terminal  facilities being built to increase the efficiency and to speed the movement of  cargos both inbound and outbound the job of storing a ship is really a science  each part each move is highly important to the successful outcome or out turn as we call it of  a ship's voyage [Music] cargos must be stored so that they will not interfere with each other  in the many ports of call there are a thousand and one details which only long experience and  good judgment can master all Commodities have peculiarities of their own and they must be  handled with care and confidence at all times one of the greatest developments in cargo handling  in recent years has been containerization a system which enables the shipper to pack huge boxes  at the source not to be opened until they reach their destinations almost any command come  out and be shipped in these sturdy [Music] can time and cost in handling which  as you can see is accomplished with the help of special equipment  both on the dock and on the ship [Music] on clock-like schedules American ships depart on  their various sea routes linking ports around the world with those at home now these sea routes  have been established by government agreement to provide the best service possible we Americans  aren't exactly what you might call land lovers we have a glorious Maritime history of which  we may all be proud chips and shipping have helped to make America strong our semen know  their business from the top Mass to the Keel from the bow to the stern and it's always been  that way but changes are constantly being made seafaring today has become a highly technical  business using the latest equipment available making American ships the safest and the  most efficient on any ocean through fair weather and fall our ships move across the sea  steadily keeping their schedules and always as the anticipation of ports of call Beyond the  Horizon ahead and important work to be done some of our ships go right through the jungles to  deliver their cargos when I head into a port like this I really appreciate my job as Captain  of an American ship because I know that I'm helping people at home as well as overseas  by carrying cargos which benefit everyone involved directly and indirectly now if there's  any doubt how useful our American cargos can be just take a look at what is happening and has  been happening for many years in many parts of the world this husky bulldozer will soon be at  work obliterating a tropical jungle recently cleared of malarial mosquitoes to provide  new farmland for a meaty people [Music] it's the same everywhere when new ideas and  Equipment are put to work helping people to help themselves more and more equipment and  supplies will be needed as people build for their present and their future needs [Music] those  of us who go to Sea are constantly reminded that World Trade is a basis for World Peace we also  realize that World Trade is a two-way street the people who buy our products  or sell us some of theirs this is the essence of a healthy World Trade  people that trained together do not make war as a ship's captain I've had a unique  opportunity to see with my own eyes the results of a healthy commerce between  America and other nations of the world and I've always felt that trade is better than Aid  that Mutual Endeavor is better than one man or a nation being in debt to another no man like to be  placed in the position of receiving arms or gifts he wants to earn his way as an  individual that is his god-given right the need to move World Cargoes efficiently  and profitably there are other things which are important too and most everyone knows or  should know that Americans have been helping many foreign people to develop their own resources  and their capabilities for many many years we have shared with these people our own vital  resources our Manpower and our technical knowledge and as a nation we have given of our wealth  we've given of our good fortune and of our food we have even helped former  enemies to survive and to prosper foreign [Music] thousands of individual Americans are  given of their energies their time their knowledge as teachers doctors  nurses technicians advisors friends thank you [Music] like the missionaries of old  we Americans Find meaning in helping others not so fortunate as ourselves those of us who have not been able to contribute  our personal services abroad have cooperated in many helpful projects by providing cargos of  books seeds tools medical supplies a thousand and one different things without expectation  of payment just a friendly word of appreciation now this Spirit of helpful Goodwill  is truly an American condition and one of which we may all be proud have we made  friends overseas my answer is a positive yes [Music] every hour of the day every day of the week 365  days a year American ships are performing a most important task in the great Brotherhood of Man by  carrying across the Seven Seas vital World cargos World Cargoes of goods as well  as of human understanding [Music]