Peasants Revolt California In Century 1

e [Music] my friends friends in the beginning God made the world and it was good and he made man and man was good but I don't remember hearing anything about God making Barons Knights and lawyers on the morning of the seventh day and surfs in the afternoon the only difference I ever heard of was that some of us are women for which much thanks no when Adam doed and Eve span who was then the gentleman God made the fields and the trees but he didn't say I make this field for Lord mck I make that tree for his lady wife as far as God was concerned everything was held for everybody for hundreds of years we have paid taxes and what have we got out of them only an iron glove in the gut now I ask you who said whose law is it the time 1381 the place England one man the man John Ball preacher whom some called mad [Music] [Laughter] help [Music] [Applause] look you you are very very much a dog you are going to curse the day you were born boy I have already many TR I think maybe you need a little learning first a little correction here Jack here the law says you're not free to come and go as you please and the law says more the law says you own nothing but your own stomach medieval Society was divided into two classes the free and the unfree by far the larger part of the society was the unfree a class known as surfs they were the personal property of their Lords and it is said they owned nothing but their stomachs in the Middle Ages a man's wealth was determined by the measure of land he owned his rights were determined by his status and and his status was determined by his birth there was no Escape my friends God helps those who help themselves unless we bring God's law into our land we will be ruled by Devils we the true Commons must make God's law we build the Cel but who looks out of the windows we pick the grapes but who drinks the wine This Is Our Land and we must take it we must build a great society where men are born free live free work for whom they will where they will free of humiliation free of poverty free of forc Labor free of the rich the late 14th century was a time when great issues were being debated great ideals cherished the feudal system showed signs of strain in 1381 the English peasants challenged the existing order in what was to become the first collision between capital and labor a peasants Revolt was detonated by the imposition of a pole tax in this instance a tax of one shilling levied on the entire population over the age of 15 Beggars accepted for the red sh Shilling was a mere trifle for the peasant it represented as much as a month's earnings work harder it's more than we can afford it's as much as we earn in a month indeed you look fat enough maybe I could boil you down and sell you a soap if you don't pay up truly I've not seen the likes of you before nor of you little girl come here girl [Music] let go let her alone I there are those present who wouldn't and don't I'm sure such beauty cannot go unnoticed undetected unmolested am I alone to leave her untouched unnoticed not only do I want to let go stop that who speaks how father oh a surf commands me to let her go you will pay twice I think you will pay the pole tax and you will pay for your insolence let her go first give me your money secondly smile you are too grudging that's better yes yes [Applause] yes pass the W go to Tyler tell we are [Music] ready in the late Middle Ages England had a reputation throughout Europe for extremism in the conduct of its government a tedious and expensive war with France had made the ordinary Englishmen hostile towards Authority certainly when the tax Commissioners were assaulted centuries of bitterness welled up and overflowed [Applause] the preacher John Ball was Radical subversive and God shall wipe away their tears and there shall be no more death neither weeping nor pain for the former times have passed [Applause] away but the man who led the rebellion was what Tyler formerly a soldier his First Act was to destroy court records wherever he found them in the manners in the abies let me show you how to repeal a law too I want every document in this building [Applause] now here it this let might help right let the people [Music] speak The Peasants marched to London they wanted the king to hear their plea the King was Richard II and in third 1381 he was only 14 years old but King he certainly was to The Peasants he was a personification of Justice he was they believed the Divine instrument of God's will they acknowledged his absolute Authority and his alone Tyler asked to see him in person what did he say you know what'll happen if he doesn't come don't you I can guess your family that's why you'll have to come there are so many of us perhaps too many the King was popular with the peasants but his counselors were anything but to be born of surf was the church taught the price of original sin and the church which owned a third of the country's land maintained yes all men were free and equal before God but only before God not before the nobility not before the manner courts The Peasants wanted to change the these ideas dramatically only the king could authorize it and they believed he would if he was allowed to here they come keep it simple what to the point there they are say something Richard they won't hear me we're too far away order them to get closer I don't adise it I really don't now now's your chance now sir s can you hear me he's saying something louder your majesty much louder what is it you want I thought that was pretty obvious they want our heads now they've seen us let's go come I want the word with the Archbishop I can see that hypocrite ball there oh yes he would be there first tell me what you want tell me what you want to say is there anything we have in common you are the commons you have the commons [Applause] I think they're rather touching let's meet [Music] [Applause] [Music] them it's out of the question we cannot go asore categorically not who knows what might happen I think you know don't you that I am your Chancellor your majesty and I am their King come as short all of you it's not my clothes that smell it's [Music] me time Richard they a Rabel they brought nothing with them they have no food therefore let them go you make the laws you can break them your privilege let's go back your majesty or be late [Music] [Applause] [Music] the meeting had been a dismal failure The Peasants had not expected such an early disappointment now's our chance they're leaving come on shoot them down we count is killing a king we need a constitution true our constitution but we still need a king you let him go for the time being what you will be our King and I your Archbishop the Rebellion had been impulsive spontaneous Tyler was not in command of an organized Army and was getting impatient you tell the king we have a meeting tomorrow at my land I'd be there that's a promise word of a gentleman but if he doesn't come in person I'll burn London simple word of a gentleman [Music] the next day Tyler and the King were to meet face to [Music] face the king's advisers had no plan other than to play for time they therefore advised the king to deal with the peasants in a manner that that was both consolatory and deceitful the King was after all the only weapon the council possessed they made sure he did all the Talking The Peasants were in a position of power but they were not yet in control Tyler Majesty tell me what must we do what do you want from us we must preserve the peace don't you think do you have a formula yes tell me we want the abolition of seum throughout our kingdom no more discrimination no more stigma I understand next well se's no longer being service there will be free tenants we will pay an annual 4 P an acre for our Holdings 4 P per acre yes we want an N to all restrictions on buying and selling we want to smash the monopolies on beer and bread for instance is there more well there have of course been a number of incidents over the last few days absolutely justifiable of course perhaps we could reach an agreement about a general amnesty we need Clarks they are to write Charters 20 30 what about the wedding your majesty we have something already prepared oh [Applause] yes now that by our special Grace we have manumitted that means freed I know what it means I'm not [Applause] stupid all our Le and singular subjects and others of the country wherever they may be freed each and all of their own bondage made them quit by these presents pardon them of all felonies treasons and transgressions and extortions committed by any and all of them and assure them of our summer packs for your information highest peace I like it well that should do the trick one more thing more we want to bring all traitors to yourself for for what purpose we want to execute them who are they they your majesty they've betrayed you yes we have a list they're enemies of the people if it can be proed that they are traitors then they will be arrested and punished by law I repeat they are enemies of the people as Tyler spoke the executions had already commenced in particular The Peasants required the death of the Archbishop Simon Sudbury God daugh punctuality is the pride of princes [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] there he is get him pray for us zre you're a traitor and an embezzler I am the Arch Bishop and I am Chancellor of England exactly by whose authority do you come here by the authority of John Boo and we have the king's Authority nonsense take him and the others no violence please not here anywhere else [Music] [Applause] [Applause] no friends we have today a great opportunity if we care to take it we can cast off the Yoke we have borne so long and gain the freedom we have always desired therefore be of good courage be like the wise husbandman of the scriptures who gathered the wheat into his barn but uproot and burned the tears that had half choked the good gra the tears of England are the oppressive rulers and the time of harvest is here and now a time to pluck up and burn them all the evil Lords the unjust judges the lawyers all men dangerous to the common good only then shall we have peace in the present and Security in the future for when the great ones are cast down all men will enjoy equal Freedom all men will be of the same rank nobility and power the king's Council was in a state of panic if the peasants demands were implemented nothing would be left either of or for the establishment if they killed Tyler therefore they had nothing to lose because if he lived all would be lost I want to see the Tyler make all the necessary [Music] arrangements afternoon your majesty don't you shake hands we are comrades you and I your people are still here Tyler they have their Charters now they must go home your majesty Charters are not all their want you demand more all Church lands are to be taken and divided among the people no one's Above the Law no one understood all game laws be revoked and I repeat my former claims it is hardly necessary then we are agreed the hell with that let have some real stuff a mail you and I ought to celebrate you shall keep your 15th Tyler you're a thief and a robber who said that you're a l Tyler an ignorant L you said that again I have your head you're a pigac l Tyler and a cheat and a liar come here you would presume to defense Justice before the king Tyler everyone in Kent knows that you're just a jumped up Yoko [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] wa [Applause] reorganize reorganize reorganize reorganized reorganized stay I am your king stay fight with me fight for me I am your king Your Leader the Tyler is dead follow me I am the true leader of the true Commons fight with me fight for me your leader the Tyler is dead I am your king follow me my cause is your cause your cause my cause the king's plea dumbfounded The Peasants only 10 days days after the Revolt had first started their leader was lost and without him so was their challenge dispirited they returned home now by your accents Jack your body has forgone the privilege of a resting place so what remains of great Jack straw his soul and what of his soul Sur it is eternally Damned and without Solace that is perhaps a little hard now I'm prepared to make you an offer entirely to your own Advantage you listening Jack in exchange for confession we will give your soul a little care The Peasants leaders were not likely to be forgiven they were rounded up tortured and then executed all the others here too shortly before being torn limb from limb Jack straw confessed Jack you are going to die you have broken my hands and much else how then will I sign well we can fix that in a JY we have a Clark now jack in your own words tell us at black Heath we decided to summon the King and put to death all the knights and their lackeys retainers all the gentle folk who were with him and then take the king where from place to place show him to the people so they would believe he led the Rebellion is that supposed to be funny you can't be serious and then seriously to kill all the Lords and then the king and all the landowners the Bishops the monks rectors and who prey was going to celebrate the masses the Frias that's most interesting to go on and then when there was no one greater or stronger or wiser than we were we would make laws that all men would respect create our own Kings but Tyler was assassinated slain not assassinated was hardly assassinated ation Well Jack that should do very well very well indeed thank you let's finish it shall we these are our intentions and may God to help my departure from this life signed Jack straw Well Jack that is about it time to pass you on to the next life where I hope you will have better Fortune though I doubt it call the priest [Music] [Music] The Peasants Revolt of 1381 s [Music] little the Revolutionary ideology had little effect because its supporters had no real political power the feudal system slowly disintegrated during the 15th and 16th centuries as feudalism gave way to systems of trade and commerce during the Middle Ages basic human rights were denied to the majority of the people in the centuries that followed Western Civilization claimed back most of them the Democratic process replaced the feudal system and today it would seem that it is the minorities rather than than the majorities who cry out against the iron glove in the gut [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] oh [Music] [Music] a [Music] gold and the sun played a major role in preparing the Golden State for the dramatic part it will play in this Century of the Pacific it beget gold and 9 Gold That Built San Francisco the Magic City by the Golden Gate and started all California roaring on its way to [Music] Greatness the Sleepy era of the Spanish mission slipped into history along with the gold rush Outsiders think of California as ay State a place to play [Music] but it was not all play to Californians they were building building with pride in their accomplishments and with confidence in their [Music] future these Californians were ready for the demands of the greatest war in history and now they have rolled up their sleeves ready to meet the demands of the greatest migration in the nation's history almost 4 million new residents have crowded across her borders in the past decade seeking a home and a future Under the Sun in the Golden State but finding that ideal little home Under the Sun was even more difficult than securing the future the housing problem kept the experts awake at night until that old friend of the Chamber of Commerce the California Sunshine intervened Chamber of Commerce breathed a sigh of relief as the Building Trades raced to meet the demand hospitals and all public institutions have felt the terrific impact of this tidal wave of humanity [Music] almost a million new students have had to be accommodated in schools already seriously overcrowded a new school room a day will have to be added for the next 10 years to meet the [Music] demand with this increased population has come the natural fear of un Amendment but big business realizing that population production and sales go together is moving West with the migration moving West with faith in this dawning Century of the [Music] Pacific the factory smoke stacks of the Giants of United States industry are as familiar to San franciscans and angelinos as they are to the citizens of Chicago Detroit and Pittsburgh heavy steel moved West giving California its own basic and thoroughly integrated steel industry the giant Coke Ovens of the sprawling Kaiser steel mills Supply the fuel for one of the world's largest blast furnaces for producing pig iron from iron ore and enough ore has been staked out in one California desert Quarry to run the largest Mill in the state at full capacity for at least 40 years steel is the mother of Industries and US Steel's tremendous investment in the great plants of its Western subsidiary Colombia steel is evidence that the West is no longer a colonial Outpost of the East Bethlehem Pacific Steel another Giant in the steel industry is firmly established in California with expansive Mills and shipyards the big names of the electrical industry are boldly expanding Westinghouse is producing Electrical Products never before made in the west while General Electric has long operated its Ontario California plant to produce its electric irons for the entire nation and the world 14 different makes of automobiles are now manufactured and assembled in California the same number is produced in Detroit a car a minute matches the best assembly line Tempo and knowhow of the [Music] East Los Angeles ranked second only to akan in Tire manufacturing with almost every big name in the industry represented together they produce more than 14 million tires a year most of them for travel-minded westerners the building materials industry taxs to the Limit by the demands of the increasing population is expanding its facilities beyond recognition the Permanente cement Works cover an area a Mile Square and is the world's largest producing more than a sack per second its giant revolving furnaces use more natural gas than the city of Oakland Los Angeles is already running close to Grand Rapids for first place in the manufacturer of furniture while San Francisco ranks among the first spice tea and coffee ports of the world California has long LED the nation in the building of [Music] aircraft one of the largest and most glamorous Industries it suffered fantastic cutbacks just after the war but now the great plants at San Diego Burbank and Santa Monica are operating on a long range production schedule producing planes for peace as well as the mysterious jet propelled weapons of space made to preserve the [Music] peace Hollywood's Motion Picture industry rocketed into one of the world's biggest business enterprises beckoning thousands with stars in their eyes Radio 2 boomed into big business with almost as many national programs originating in Hollywood as in New York California's press boasts one of the largest readerships in the nation and has long been the state's most enthusiastic booster so great is the growing importance of Western readers that two of the nation's leading weekly periodic ials use the ultramodern facilities of the West's largest press in Los Angeles to print West Coast editions not the least by any means of California's new industrial expansion is a tremendous growth of its clothing industry San Francisco has its own apparel [Music] City while Los is first in the nation for its Sport Styles the Enterprise and taste of Manufacturers like coal of California are rapidly diminishing the lead once held by New York's clothing [Music] industry the highly prized California look is becoming a must all over the country and can be recognized without even a glance at the label [Music] the strength of California's Industries lies in the great financial houses of the West in their boardrooms along Montgomery Street in San Francisco and in the stock exchange on Spring Street in Los Angeles decisions are made daily that influence the future of California and the entire Pacific world the nation's most overtaxed communication system struggles frantically to keep up with the demands of this new growing industrial Empire and at the same time add service for thousands of new homes every day public transportation systems too are seriously outgrown more than 4 million cars are roaring over streets and highways built for only half a million Los Angeles the city of magnificent distances tackled the problem with typical Hollywood disregard for cost or effort and slash boldly through residential and business areas to construct urgently needed Speedways the state highway construction program is staggering in its scope requiring an expenditure of $75 million a year for the next 10 [Music] years in spite of all the problems and Growing Pains the senu of a new and industrial Empire are being forged forged by Californians who realize the magnitude of their undertaking and the possibilities of their future theirs is the gigantic task of using and developing wisely their vast natural resources some of which like oil have already been dangerously depleted unless more new discoveries are made the state and the West May face a serious oil shortage [Music] the forests of Northern California are vast and beautiful they with a Timber of neighboring states in the Northwest provide nearly half the Nations [Music] Lumber lumbermen aware of the dangers of depletion and conscious of waste in the past are made making every effort through reforestation and conservation to assure sufficient timber for the future like other natural resources water power the backbone of industry is inexhaustible in California it needs only to be harnessed work is in progress on private and federal projects all over the state in an attempt to meet the demands for power for this and future Generations the pen stocks of the government Shasta Dam send the Waters of the Sacramento River through giant dynamos capable of producing enough power for not one but several major cities San Francisco Engineers added a new Lake to the map in the heart of yede when they built hchi Dam to supply their city with water and power and thirsty Los Angeles reached up 175 miles in the high Siera to take the entire Owens River water supply water is the very lifeblood of California's richest industry agriculture the lack of water for irrigation and City Water Systems is the state's greatest problem the federal government recognizing the urgency of this problem and the importance to the nation of its solution has built great dams like Shasta Hoover Davis and Parker but these are only part of a master plan for water conservation for California and the West the Frant Dam stores the cold Waters of the San hen at the base of the High Sierra Waters which are diverted and sent south through a man-made River to parched but fertile areas in Fresno tari and Kar counties where eventually a half million new Acres will be brought under [Music] cultivation to replace the diverted Waters of the sanen the world's largest pumping plant will force the Waters of the Sacramento stored 300 mil to the north by Shasta Dam uphill 200 ft through giant aqueducts from here it will flow 120 Mi South through another man-made River to complete the Great Exchange of waters between two [Music] rivers thus the work of man is dramatically balancing the unequal distribution of land and water which Nature has imposed on California's Central Valley assuring its future as a land of great promise far to the South along the Mexican border the All-American Canal winds through the Sahara like sand dunes of the Great American desert it pours millions of tons of Colorado River water onto the floor of the once desolate Imperial Valley turning it into the nation's biggest vegetable garden so hot and so fertile it produces one crop after another the year round the valley is one of the largest beet sugar producing centers in the country and to the north just back of the coast are the wide Acres of the Selenas Valley famed as the salad bowl of America producing millions of tons of lettuce celery and artichokes California also boasts the biggest strawberry patches in the nation producing the finest berries and flowers flowers for seeds Acres upon Acres of them are big business in the Golden State California holds another first in the production of olive oil and in the processing of table olivs [Music] and its famed avocados from San Diego County have changed the salad tastes of the [Music] nation gold and oranges are the symbol of California in every American Home millions of crates of California oranges and lemons make a major contribution to the health of the nation and to the wealth of California [Music] the thousands of Acres of rice fields in the upper Sacramento Valley are reminiscent of the rice patties of Asia a believe it or not is the fact that millions of pounds of rice are shipped annually to the rice hungry Orient ultramodern methods of rice and cotton culture have boosted California high on the list of states producing these two Deep South crops the good wines from the extensive Vineyards of kukamonga and the sanen and Northern valleys are receiving International Acclaim California's wines competing with the world's finest in Paris and London have won the highest honors for their quality and Excellence the produce of California soil is colorful varied and [Music] abundant processing the vast variety of food that pours from the state's Rich Horn of Plenty is the world's largest fruit and vegetable canning industry canning familiar Brands known in every American home and in the ports of the seven seeds sir in this great industry are the world's largest Tin Can plants in San Francisco and Los Angeles and big Eastern glass manufacturers long ago joined the Trek Westward to supply California's demands for glass containers the Abundant Harvest of the sea off the coast supports an important part of this vast food processing Enterprise California is first among the fishing states in the union accounting for all the nation sardine pack and almost 90% of the nation's tuna are packed in San Diego the meat packing industry of California long and unimportant stepchild of the big Chicago and Kansas City Packers is growing up livestock once shipped East from the great grazing States is being shipped to Los Angeles packing houses California is one of the most important poultry producing states in the nation the poultry Farms of Petaluma and other egg basket areas are a major Enterprise scientifically operated and turkey growing too holds an important place in the state's agricultural economy sheep ranches in the North North are justly proud of their production record which has made California the fourth wool producing state in the country only a few of the big colorful cattle ranches with Cowboys are left to lend a flavor of the old west to Growing California yet the state's production of beef is increasing in quantity and quality as a result of modern methods of breeding fattening on smaller [Music] Farms but her majesty the dairy cow is California's number one citizen in the livestock world because of the sunshine and ideal conditions on its dairy farms California cows produce more milk than cows in any other part of the [Music] nation Dairy men are proud of their carefully bred herds and of the standards which they rigidly maintain in handling milk in spite of the increased demands imposed on them by the great influx of consumers into the state the high costs of feeding forced them to decrease their number of cows while at the same time more milk was needed California dairymen solved the problem by taking the lead in scientifically feeding and handling Nature's delicate milk factory to increase her production the dairy industry is a public service industry a 7 day a week Round the Clock job it like other overtaxed service Industries is expanding to meet the needs of the increased population at the same time it's looking out beyond the Pacific to the needs of the hungry peoples of the world manufacturing evaporated milk of quality second to none as well as being high on the list of exports from the state California canned milk is a familiar item on grocer shelves throughout the West scientists in the highly Advanced Laboratories of the Golden State Company Limited California's largest milk concern are constantly working to improve the quality of all milk and milk products and they have perfected new methods of producing powdered whole milk methods that are in dramatic use in the world's largest dried milk mil plants the year round mild climate of California has always created a heavy demand for ice cream a demand which has made it possible for the industry to develop new and better methods of production one golden state plant alone is equipped to make 6 million gallons a year of America's favorite dessert the great efforts of the milk industry to meet its problems has assured every grocery store and every home the visit of the familiar friendly figure of the Milkman the man whose industry is aiding in the building of the health and well-being of this and future [Music] Generations Californians challenged by the big events that are shaping their Destiny will tell you of their daring plans for tomorrow they'll tell you of their plans for the expansion of their ports based on their belief that the Pacific Ocean is the world's next great pool of trade and commerce San franciscans will tell you of their World Trade Center that will rise along the Embarcadero a $50 million Monument to their faith in the future in the future of California and the future out Beyond the Golden [Music] Gate beyond the great ports of Oakland Los anglas Long Beach and San Diego the people of California sense the important role they will continue to play in the development of the whole Pacific World they are ready for the immense volume of foreign trade which they are confident will come with increasing momentum as the Philippines Indonesia China and all Asia begin to find their rightful place in this new era of the Pacific so what of the future of the Golden State it sounds like epic poetry to hear hard-headed businessmen not given to empty dreams describe the cities and towns and Farms and way of life their children and children's children will see and enjoy in the California of Tomorrow the California that will play a leading role in the century of the Pacific